Oh, I think the answer is definitely yes!<br><br> <br> Let $\{k \to x,y\}$ be any solution of $x^2 - (k^2+1)y^2 = k^2$, and let $K$ be the set of $k$ for which a solution has $0 < k < y-1$. In a paper recently submitted to <i>Glasnik Matematicki</i> we call these solutions <i>exceptional</i> solutions. Andrej's conjecture is that for any $k$ there is at most 1 exceptional solution. <br><br>One interesting result we obtain is that, if $k \in K$, then $y < (2 - \sqrt{3})k$. <br><br>A particular feature of this Pell equation is its symmetry wrt $k$ and $y$. These are interchangeable, so for any solution $\{k \to x,y\}$ there is a corresponding solution $\{y \to x,k\}$. <br><br> It follows that if $k \neq y \pm{1}$, then either $k \in K$ or $y \in K$. <br><br> Now, for any $k \geq 2$, we have 3 particular solution classes $(x_n, y_n)$ with $y_0 = \{0, k-1, -(k-1)\}$. For any $n > \{0, 0, 1\}$ we have $y_n > k-1$ and so $\{y_n \to x_n,k\}$ is exceptional, ie. $y_n \in K$. <br><br> We also need to consider $k=1$, for which there is just the one class with $(x_0, y_0) = (1, 0)$ , $(x_1, y_1) = (3, 2)$ and so for any $n > 1$ we have $y_n \in K$. For example $(x_2, y_2) = (17, 12)$ from which we obtain exceptional solution $\{12 \to 17, 1\}$, and so $12 \in K$. <br><br> In our paper we call the corresponding set of exceptional solutions "Type 1". But here let us simply define the set $K_1$ to be all of these $y_n > k$ that we find from these 3 classes for any $k > 1$, and from the one class for $k = 1$. <br><br> One property shared by all $y_n \in K_1$ is that either $(y_n^2 +1) | (x_n+y_n)$ or $(y_n^2 + 1) |(x_n-y_n)$. <br><br> Now, for any $k \in K_1$ we have a corresponding $\{k \to x,y\}$ for which our Pell eqn has 2 additional solution classes, with fundamental solutions $(x_0, y_0) = (x, \pm y)$. For any $n > \{0,1\}$ we then have $y_n > k-1$ and so $\{y_n \to x_n, k\}$ is exceptional, ie $y_n \in K$. <br><br> And of course we can apply the same process to any of these new $y_n$ <i>ad infinitum</i>, each $y_n$ seeding a forest of others. For example, just considering $n = 1$ alone in each case, from $\{8 \to 18,\pm{2}\}, 8 \in K_1$ we obtain $\{546 \to 4402,8\}$ and $\{30 \to 242,8\}$, so $546, 30 \in K$, and from $\{30 \to 242, \pm{8}\}$ we get $\{28928 \to 868322,242\}$ and $\{112 \to 3362,30\}$, so $28928, 112 \in K$. <br><br> We call these "Type 2" solutions, so let's define $K_2$ to be all of the $y_n$ found this way. These do not have the divisibility property that was noted above for the $y_n \in K_1$. <br><br>In the paper we show that all exceptional solutions can be enumerated recursively in this fashion, ie. that $K = K_1 \cup K_2$. This is done by showing any $k \in K$ can be traced back to a root in $K_1$. <br><br>The enumeration algorithm is given below. Solution classes are referred to as $0, -1, +1$, the interpretation of which I hope is reasonably clear! <br><br> <b>Proc <i>Enum_K:</i></b><br><blockquote> Enum_K1(1,0)<br><br> for k = 2 to $ \infty $<br><blockquote> Enum_K1(k, 0)<br> Enum_K1(k, +1)<br> Enum_K1(k, -1)</blockquote></blockquote> <br><br> <br><br> <b>Proc <i>Enum_K1(k, class):</i></b><br><blockquote> set $(x_0, y_0), (x_1, y_1)$ according to class<br> n1 = if (class = -1 or k = 1) then 2 else 1<br><br> for n = n1 to $\infty$<br><blockquote> add $y_n$ to $K_1$<br> Enum_K2($y_n$, +1)<br> Enum_K2($y_n$, -1)</blockquote></blockquote> <br><br> <br><br> <b>Proc <i>Enum_K2(k, class):</i></b><br><blockquote> set $(x_0, y_0), (x_1, y_1)$ according to class<br> n1 = if (class = -1) then 2 else 1<br><br> for n = n1 to $\infty$<br><blockquote> add $y_n$ to $K_2$<br> Enum_K2($y_n$, +1)<br> Enum_K2($y_n$, -1)</blockquote></blockquote> <br><br> <br><br> To generate the solution sequences in any class, we note that each class has the same recurrence relation: <br><blockquote> $R = 2k^2 + 1$<br> $x_n = 2Rx_{n-1} - x_{n-2}$<br> $y_n = 2Ry_{n-1} - y_{n-2}$<br> </blockquote> <br>but of course have different initial conditions:<br><blockquote> $R = 2k^2 + 1, S = 2k, D = k^2 + 1$<br><br> $K_1, class 0: (x_0, y_0) = (k, 0), (x_1, y_1) = (kR, kS)$<br> $K_1, class +: (x_0, y_0) = (k^2-k+1, k-1)$<br> $K_1, class -: (x_0, y_0) = (k^2-k+1,1-k)$<br> $K_2, class +: (x_0, y_0) = (x_n, +y_n)$ for any $y_n \in K_1 \cup K_2$<br> $K_2, class -: (x_0, y_0) = (x_n, -y_n)$ " "<br> <br>and in all cases above $(x_1, y_1)$ satisfy<br><blockquote> $x_1 = Rx_0 + DSy_0$<br> $y_1 = Ry_0 + Sx_0$<br> </blockquote></blockquote> <br><br> <br><br> Now if Andrej's conjecture is true, and we believe it is, then each operation "<i>add</i> $y_n$" always adds a new $y_n$ to its list, and the two lists $K_1, K_2$ have no common elements. <br><br> An implementation of <i>Enum_K</i> with a bailout parameter finds that with $k <10^6$ we have $|K_1| = 882, |K_2| = 163, |K| = 1045$, and that every $k$ enumerated was unique. This agrees with Andrej's figure. <br><br>