The units of $k=\mathbf{Q}(\sqrt{7})$ have the form $\pm (8+3 \sqrt{7})^n$ with $n \in \mathbf{Z}$. If $\pi = x+y\sqrt{7}$ is a prime element of $k$, then $\lambda(\pi):= \log |x+y\sqrt{7}|$ is well-defined in $\mathbf{R}/\alpha \mathbf{Z}$ where $\alpha = \log(8+3\sqrt{7})$. Note that $\lambda$ factors as $\lambda = f \circ \sigma$ where $\sigma : k^{\times} \to \mathbf{R}^{\times}$ is a given embedding of $k$ and $f : \mathbf{R}^{\times} \to \mathbf{R}/\alpha \mathbf{Z}$ is a continuous group homomorphism. We can apply Hecke's theory of equidistribution (see Lang, *Algebraic number theory*, Chap. XV, especially Example 3 at the end of the chapter) to show that the sequence $\lambda(\pi)$ is equidistributed in $\mathbf{R}/\alpha \mathbf{Z}$ where $\pi$ runs through the primes of $k$ (with respect to the usual ordering on the norm of $\pi$).

You want $0 < y < x/10$ which translates into the inequality

\begin{equation*}
\sqrt{p} \leq x+y\sqrt{7} \leq C \sqrt{p}
\end{equation*}
where $C=\frac{10+\sqrt{7}}{\sqrt{93}}>1$ and $p=N_{k/\mathbf{Q}}(x+y\sqrt{7})$. This in turn is equivalent to $\lambda(\pi) \in [\frac12 \log p , \frac12 \log p + \log C]$ inside $\mathbf{R}/\alpha \mathbf{Z}$.

Using the equidistribution result above, the set $X=\{\pi : \lambda(\pi) \in [0,C/2]\}$ has a positive natural density (here we consider only primes of $k$ which don't belong to $\mathbf{Q}$, but this is ok because the norm of a rational prime $p$ is equal to $p^2$, so these rational primes are negligible). Moreover, the set $Y=\{\frac12 \log p : \pi \in X\}$ is dense in $\mathbf{R}/\alpha \mathbf{Z}$ because of the prime number theorem. So we can find infinitely many primes $\pi \in X$ with $\frac12 \log p \in [-C/2,0]$ inside $\mathbf{R}/\alpha \mathbf{Z}$, which implies what you want using the above discussion.