There are plenty of other possibilities. Here are a few examples:
The boundary of the fundamental group of an acylindrical hyperbolic 3-manifold with totally geodesic boundary is homeomorphic to a Sierpinski carpet. (This appears in the Kapovich and Kleiner paper mentioned below, but must be standard---the point is the topological fact that any planar continuum with no local cut points is homeomorphic to a Sierpinski carpet. Indeed, they prove a converse result, modulo the Cannon Conjecture.)
The boundary of a random group is homeomorphic to a Menger sponge (Dahmani--Guirardel--Przytycki).
Bowditch proved that cyclic splittings of $\Gamma$ correspond to local cut points on the boundary. In particular, the boundary of a graph of free groups with cyclic edge groups can be decomposed along cut pairs into Cantor sets.
The classification of 1-dimensional Polish spaces implies that this is a complete list of boundaries of 2-dimensional hyperbolic groups, in the sense that if the boundary is connected with no local cut point (ie the group has no splitting over a virtually cyclic subgroup) then it must be a Sierpinski gasket or Menger sponge (Kapovich--Kleiner).
I imagine that a classification in higher dimensions is completely out of reach, though I'm no expert. (Misha Kapovich is active on MO and can provide an authoritative answer.)
I'll add full references tomorrow.