All Questions
Tagged with real-analysis reference-request
419 questions
1
vote
1
answer
262
views
Relationship between $f(t,x)$ as $t \to \infty$ and $f(t/\epsilon, x/\epsilon^2)$ as $\epsilon \to 0$ (periodic functions)
Let $f: (0,\infty)\times \mathbb {R} \to \mathbb{R}$ be $1$-periodic in the second variable and in $L^\infty((0,\infty)\times \mathbb{R}).$ If it is necessary, we can also assume $f$ to be continuous. ...
- 16.4k
0
votes
2
answers
782
views
Has this Peculiar Property of Unit Circles Already been Noticed?
Yesterday I needed to do some calculations with circles and "ventured" to calculate the arc length via the $\int{\sqrt{1+\left(f'(x)\right)^2}}$ formula and was baffled to see that in the ...
CommunityBot
- 1
5
votes
2
answers
483
views
Are there any known approaches of generalizing functions that do not have a limit at infinity to values at infinity?
Let's consider the affinely extended real line. The functions that have a limit on positive or negative infinity $\lim_{x\to+\infty} f(x)$ or $\lim_{x\to-\infty} f(x)$ can be generalized to the values ...
- 18.7k
17
votes
1
answer
988
views
Can two-point sets be Borel?
Recall that a two-point set is a subset of the plane which meets every line in exactly two points. Such a set was first constructed by Mazurkiewicz in 1914.
I wonder if the following question of ...
- 18.5k
4
votes
3
answers
667
views
Regularity for the roots of (characteristic) polynomials with given multiplicity
A classical result states that roots of a polynomial are continuous functions of its coefficients.
This is, for exemple, a direct consequence of Rouché's theorem.
Using the implicit function ...
- 108k
7
votes
1
answer
489
views
When the value of a function in a point is equal to its integral average over the point's neighborhood?
It is well-known that the harmonic functions have this remarkable Averaging Property: if $f$ is harmonic in a domain $U \subset R^n$, then, for any point $x \in U$, $f(x)$ is equal to the integral ...
- 91
3
votes
0
answers
109
views
Weak convergence of series representing the log characteristic function
Disclaimer. I already asked this question on math.stackexchange.com without any answers or comments as of yet.
In which weak sense does the series representation of the log-characteristic function ...
- 101
1
vote
1
answer
179
views
One trig "survives" a binomial summation: why?
I've seen many trigonometric identities but here is one that I encountered for which I did not find a reference.
In case you wonder where this came from, I was investigating certain $q$-series in ...
5
votes
1
answer
329
views
Constructive approximation of Hölder functions using kernel functions
Suppose I have a function $f \in \mathcal C^{\alpha, L}([0,1])$, where
$\mathcal C^{\alpha, L}([0,1])$ is the space of $\alpha$-smooth Hölder
functions with norm $L$. I am interested in efficiently ...
- 8,071
5
votes
2
answers
840
views
Decompostition of a Lipschitz domain
We say that $\Omega$ is a strongly star shaped domain (with respect to $0$ for example) in $\mathbb R ^n$ if:
$$\Omega = \{x\in \mathbb R ^n : \left \| x \right \| < g(\frac{x}{\left \| x\right \...
- 4,713
3
votes
1
answer
940
views
What is the mathematical characterization of sufficient statistics of a given $\sigma$-dominated probability model?
Given a probability model $\mathcal{P}=\{P_{\theta},\theta \in \Theta \}$ dominated by a $\sigma$-finite measure $\lambda$ (e.g. Lebesgue measure) on a locally compact space $\cal{X}$ along with $\...
CommunityBot
- 1
2
votes
1
answer
287
views
Regularity of the reparametrization map between curves [closed]
I am looking for a reference for the following kind of results.
Let $\Gamma$ be the space of Lipschitz curves $\text{Lip}([0,1]; \mathbb R^d)$ equipped with the sup norm.
Let $B$ be a Borel subset of ...
- 53.3k
4
votes
0
answers
96
views
Bessel in matrix?
Let $M_n$ be the matrix
$$M_n=\begin{pmatrix}
1&\binom{1}{1}\binom{1-1}{1-1} &0 &0\qquad \qquad \dots &0\\
1&\binom{2}{1}\binom{2-1}{1-1} &\binom{2}{2}\binom{2-1}{2-1} &0 \...
- 43.2k
5
votes
2
answers
1k
views
real analyticity, Fourier coefficients [duplicate]
Question. Suppose $f$ is periodic in $[0,2\pi]$. What conditions on the Fourier coefficients of $f$ would guarantee real analyticity of $f$? Please provide me with a reference.
- 105k
4
votes
1
answer
1k
views
For what nonnegative measures $\mu$ does $\mu*e^{-|\cdot|}\in L^{\infty}$?
I am trying to characterize all measures on $\mathbb{R}$ such that
$$
\sup_{x\in\mathbb{R}} \: (\mu*f)(x)<+\infty,
$$
where $f(x)$ is some specific integrable functions, such as $f(x)=e^{-|x|}$, ...
CommunityBot
- 1
3
votes
0
answers
223
views
Does the divergent solution of this equation :$f'=e^{f^{-1}}$ of Gevrey type and could be Borel summation applied for it?
This question was asked here in MO by someone seeking for the solution of the functional -differential:$f'=e^{f^{-1}}$ not exactly an O.D.E, and again here seeking for the growth rate of it solution ...
CommunityBot
- 1
13
votes
3
answers
2k
views
"Values" of divergent integrals
Are there existing theories of integration in which $I_0 = \int_0^{\infty} dx$ and $I_1 = \int_0^{\infty} x \ dx$ are well-defined infinite elements in a non-archimedean extension of the reals? I can ...
CommunityBot
- 1
2
votes
1
answer
91
views
Question about optimizing a given function by optimizing an approximation
Let $f$ be a real-valued function. Suppose I want to find a local maximum of $f$, but I decide to work with an ''approximation'' to $f$ --let us call it $g$. What is a suitable notion of ''...
- 12.7k
7
votes
0
answers
187
views
distance distributions on a hypersphere?
Fix a real number $0\leq t\leq 1$ and an integer $n>1$. Let
$\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ denote the unit hypersphere. Define
$$d_N(n;t):=\max\sum_{i<j}\Vert P_i-P_j\Vert_2^t$$
where ...
- 43.2k
11
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Two divergent series conspiring?
Consider the sequence $a_n=2^{2n}\binom{2n}n^{-1}$. Stirling's approximation shows that $a_n\sim \sqrt{\pi n}$, thus
$$\sum_{n\geq0}\frac{\pi}{2a_n}\qquad \text{and} \qquad
\sum_{n\geq0}\frac{a_n}{2n+...
- 105
0
votes
0
answers
58
views
in search of convergent daughter sequences
Let $\{f_n\}\subset L^1(\Omega,\mu)$, where $\mu$ is the Lebesgue measure, and $\Vert f_n\Vert_1\leq M$ and $\Vert Df_n\Vert_{1/2}\leq C$ uniformly in $n$.
Question. Is there a subsequence $\{f_{...
- 43.2k
15
votes
4
answers
3k
views
No Tonelli or Fubini
Whenever we can interchange summation (perhaps due to Tonelli-Fubini), good things happen. Otherwise, one has to struggle evaluating double sums in just one way, because the alternative results in a ...
CommunityBot
- 1
2
votes
2
answers
232
views
Heat equation: impact of the diffusion coefficient on the Harnack constant
Consider the heat equation
$$
u_t - div[a(x,t) \nabla u] =0,\quad (x,t) \in B(r) \times [-r^2, 0] \subset \mathbb R^{d+1}
$$
for a Hölder continuous coefficient $a(x,t)$ satisfying
$$
0<C_o \le a(x,...
CommunityBot
- 1
27
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Kasteleyn's formula for domino tilings generalized?
It seems a marvel when a bunch of irrational numbers "conspire" to become rational, even better an integer. An elementary example is $\prod_{j=1}^n4\cos^2\left(\pi j/(2n+1)\right)=1$.
Kasteleyn's ...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
1
answer
823
views
What is the growth of sum of absolute values of Fourier coefficients
For a periodic BV function $f$ which has jump discontinuties, is there any theorem in Fourier analysis which gives like $$\sum_{k=0}^n\left|c_k\right|\sim C\log\left(n\right)$$ where $C$ is a constant ...
CommunityBot
- 1
13
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Is the exponential function the sole solution to these equations?
Let us take the exponential function $\lambda^z$ where $0 < \lambda < 1$. There are many great uniqueness conditions this holomorphic function satisfies. For example, it is the only function ...
CommunityBot
- 1
4
votes
0
answers
672
views
Proofs of the second fundamental theorem of calculus
I am referring to the following version of the theorem, in the setting of the Lebesgue integral.
Theorem Let $f: [a,b] \rightarrow \bf R$ be an everywhere differentiable function whose derivative is ...
- 105k
3
votes
0
answers
228
views
Sub-multiplicative function in expectation or pointwise? [closed]
Consider the function that satisfies
$$ \mathbb{E}[f(X)f(Y)]\leq \mathbb{E}[f(XY)],$$
where $X\in\mathbb{R}$ and $Y\in\mathbb{R}$ are Gaussian random variables with mean $0$ and variance $1$, and ...
- 4,729
1
vote
1
answer
133
views
Every $W^{1,p}$ has a representative in ACL
Let $\Omega:=(0,1)^n$ and define $ACL_i(\Omega)$ as the set of all Borel functions $u:\Omega\to\mathbb{R}$ such that
$$ t\mapsto u(x_1,\dots,x_{i-1},t,x_{i+1},\dots,x_n) $$
is $AC$ for a.e. $(x_1,\...
- 755
6
votes
1
answer
1k
views
About the generating structure of Borel field
This is a graduate-level measure theory problem. I have thought throught it and asked on math.SE but received no satisfying answer.
On P.32 of [P.Billingsley] Probability and Measure, 3ed, 1993, the ...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
0
answers
161
views
level sets portrait near a critical point
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^{2}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ be a smooth ($C^{\infty}$) function and $O$ be an
isolated critical point of $f$. I am looking at the local level sets diagram
near $O$ from topological ...
- 45
5
votes
0
answers
431
views
Points of continuity of a lower semicontinuous function have non empty interior
Let $X\subset \mathbb R^d$ having non empty interior and let $f:X\to\mathbb{R}$ be lower semicontinuous.
I know that the set of discontinuities of such a function is contained in a meager set, and ...
CommunityBot
- 1
2
votes
0
answers
67
views
On two functions with isodirectional gradients
Let $U\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be open and $f,g:U \to \mathbb{R}$ be two $C^1$ functions whose gradients are always in the same direction, i.e. $\forall i,j \in \left\{1,...,n\right\}$
\begin{equation}
(\...
- 1,461
3
votes
2
answers
435
views
A possible norm on a subspace of $C^\infty([0,1])$?
I have posted the following question (with minimal differences) on MSE some days ago, without receiving a satisfactory answer, so let me try here again.
Take the vector space of infinitely ...
CommunityBot
- 1
4
votes
1
answer
197
views
Is the number of intervals you get by slicing the closed region under a nice graph continuous from below?
Let $I$ be a closed interval in $\mathbb{R}$, and let $f:I \to \mathbb{R}$ be a bounded function, smooth except at finitely many points (piece-wise smooth). There are also only finitely many critical ...
- 1,499
1
vote
0
answers
120
views
Interpolation functional for BV spaces?
Recently, while trying to tackle a problem, I found that it would be convenient that I could find some sort of 'interpolation theorem' for Bounded Variation Spaces. More specifically, let's define, ...
- 121
1
vote
0
answers
69
views
Norm-averaging reference request
(Apology in advance for the broadness of this question) I recently came across a relatively simple application where I needed to "balance" the "spreaded-out-ness" of a function with the "peaked-ness" ...
- 123
10
votes
2
answers
352
views
Two elementary inequalities for real-valued polynomials
I am looking for references discussing two inequalities that come up in the study of the dynamics of Newton's method on real-valued polynomials (in one variable). The inequalities are fairly different,...
- 3,709
12
votes
1
answer
239
views
Interval arithmetic with different definitions of intervals
Interval arithmetic normally deals with intervals defined as $[a,b]$ with rules like $$[a,b]+[c,d]=[a+c,b+d]$$ I am interested in interval arithmetic with different interval definitions such as $$\{a\}...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
1
answer
321
views
A question about Borel sets on the unit interval
It is known that each non-decreasing continuous function $\phi$ induces a $\sigma$-additive measure $d\phi$ such that $\int_0^1 f(x) d\phi(x)$ exists for every bounded real-valued Baire function $f$. ...
CommunityBot
- 1
3
votes
0
answers
165
views
Extreme derivatives in Baire class 1
In the 1994 volume of "Differentiation of Real Functions" A. Bruckner poses the following problem (p.41):
"Find necessary and sufficient conditions on a continuous function $F$ that its Dini ...
- 277
5
votes
1
answer
680
views
When does this interesting sum diverge?
For $x \gt 0,$ what is the greatest $y$ such that $$\sum_ {1\le h^x \le k^y} \frac{1}{h^x k^y}= \infty ?$$
I don't know of any references or methods for this -- not even for $x=1$, for which the ...
- 148k
1
vote
1
answer
168
views
Does the Abel transform preserve analyticity?
Let $I=(0,1]$ and $T=\{(x,y)\in I^2;x\geq y\}$.
If functions $f:I\to\mathbb R$ and $w:T\to\mathbb R$ are analytic, is the function $A_wf:I\to\mathbb R$,
$$
A_wf(y)=\int_y^1\frac{f(x)w(x,y)}{\sqrt{x^2-...
CommunityBot
- 1
7
votes
1
answer
609
views
$H^s$ norm of a solution of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation
I'm reading the paper "Global existence and scattering for rough solutions of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation on $\mathbb{R}^3$ by Colliander, Keel, Staffilani, Takaoka and Tao.
They study the ...
CommunityBot
- 1
3
votes
2
answers
431
views
A logarithmic cotangent inequality
I must be a terrible googling searcher but I cannot find a reference to the following inequality:
$$ \forall_{\phi\in(0;\frac \pi 4)}\ \ln(\cot(\phi)))\, <\, \cot(2\!\cdot\!\phi) $$
I have just ...
- 7,500
10
votes
2
answers
2k
views
A result attributed to Whitney
One of the basic results of real analysis says that any closed subset of a smooth ($C^\infty$) manifold $M$ is the set of zeros of some map $\lambda\in C^\infty(M;[0,1])$. This result (or some ...
- 52.3k
-1
votes
1
answer
226
views
separable BV space for PDE's, Whats stopping us? [closed]
Consider the metric space BV(0,1) with the following metric
$$ d(u,v) = \|u-v\|_{L^1} + |TV(u)-TV(v)| $$. It is separable, compact, uniformly bounded and complete. So What is the really obvious thing ...
- 16.2k
3
votes
0
answers
373
views
An alternative to the Euler--Maclaurin formula: Approximating sums by integrals only
The Euler--MacLaurin summation formula can be written as
$$ \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} f(k)\approx \int^{n-1}_0f(x)\,dx
+ \frac{f(n-1) + f(0)}2
+
\sum_{j=1}^m\frac{B_{2j}}{(2j)!}[f^{(2j - 1)}(n-1)...
- 128k
7
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Intermediate value for a vector-valued function
Consider a vector-valued function $f: [0,1]^n\rightarrow[0,1]^n$. Write $f(x)=\{f_1(x), ..., f_n(x)\}$ with $x\in[0,1]^n$, where the $f_i: [0,1]^n\rightarrow[0,1]$ are continuous functions with the ...
0
votes
1
answer
96
views
Optimal covering with finite subcollection of open sets
This is mainly a reference request. Consider a finite collection of (let's say, for simplicity) of open balls $B_i, i = 1, 2, ..., m$ in (again, for simplicity) $\mathbb{R}^n$. I am looking for ...
- 1,407