All Questions
5,908 questions
3
votes
0
answers
289
views
How well do continuously differentiable functions behave from R^2 to R^2 ?
The behaviour of complex smooth vs 1-dimensional real smooth functions is discussed in a previous question.
In "Complex Analysis as Catalyst" by Steven G. Krantz, the Cauchy integral formula is ...
- 529
8
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Divergent series expansion in Apéry's proof of the irrationality of $\zeta(2)$ and $\zeta(3)$
UPDATE. I am now making this a CW in the hope someone can improve the content of this question and/or correct the text.
This is a concise version of this math.SE question of mine. I've got an answer ...
2
votes
0
answers
131
views
Bounding an integral with a small parameter by log
I have been working through Erdos & Yau's `Linear Boltzmann equation as the weak coupling limit of a random Schrodinger Equation,'
(arXiv link: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/9901020), and for an ...
- 21
4
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Reducing system of equations involving Erf, Error Function
I have a system of equations:
$$1/2 + {\rm Erf}(x) - {\rm Erf}(\frac{x+y}{2})=0$$
$$-1/2 + {\rm Erf}(y) - {\rm Erf}(\frac{x+y}{2})=0,$$
Where $x \le y$ and ${\rm Erf}$ is the Error Function.
By ...
- 123
1
vote
2
answers
474
views
Chebyshev's Theorem
Hi,
I´m looking for Chebyshev´s theorem which says that the inequality $|x(k)-y|<3/k$ has infinitely many solutions, where $x(k)=x_0+k\alpha \pmod 1$, $\alpha$ is an irrational number, and $x_0,y\...
- 11
10
votes
2
answers
6k
views
Who was the first to formulate the inverse function theorem?
Let $U\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ and let $F:U\to \mathbb{R}^n$. The 'classical' inverse function theorem gives a sufficient condition for the existence and differentiability of the inverse function of $F$.
...
- 103
3
votes
2
answers
2k
views
The extension of smooth function
If $U$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb R^n$ whose boundary is smooth, and $f$ is a smooth function on $U$ whose partial derivatives of all orders have a continuous extensions to $\bar U$. For an ...
- 1,441
2
votes
1
answer
689
views
Partitions of an interval
This question asks about properties of functions which are "piecewise" polynomials. I would like to ask a specific question about the meaning of "piecewise" there.
Specifically, consider "partitions" ...
- 2,358
30
votes
4
answers
2k
views
is f a polynomial provided that it is "partially" smooth?
Let $f$ be a $C^\infty$ function on $(c,d)$ ,and
let $O=\cup_{n\in \mathbb{Z}^+} (a_n,b_n)$ where $(a_n,b_n)$ are disjoint open interval in $(c,d)$ and $O$ is dense in $(c,d)$.
Suppose for each $n\in ...
- 407
1
vote
1
answer
771
views
A question about the tail of an absolutely integrable function
Assume $X$ is a measure space and $f : X \to [0,\infty]$ is an absolutely integrable function (that is $\int_X f \; d \mu < \infty$). This question is about the asymptotic behaviour of the function ...
- 3,830
4
votes
2
answers
3k
views
Chain rule for fractional laplacian
Does anyone know a formula of chain rule for fractional laplacian?
say we take the fractional laplacian of order a on function $g(U(x))$ $x\in \mathbb{R}^2$, $U \in \mathbb{R}$, $g \colon \mathbb{R} \...
- 41
4
votes
2
answers
977
views
Articles with examples of Darboux functions without fixed points
A function $f: I \to J$ ($I,J$ intervals) has the Darboux property or the Intermediate value property if for every $a < b \in I$ and for every $\lambda$ between $f(a)$ and $f(b)$ there exists $c \...
- 2,222
5
votes
3
answers
718
views
Subsets of $\mathbb{R}^+$ closed under addition
No one's answered the question cumulant problem so here's a simpler question: Has anyone described or catalogued all sets of non-negative real numbers that are closed under addition? In particular, ...
0
votes
1
answer
265
views
H\"older spaces
In Gilbarg and Trudinger, they have an example where a function is in $C^1(\bar\Omega)$ but not in $C^\alpha(\bar\Omega)$ where $\alpha<1$. $\Omega$ is bounded and is defined as follows
$\Omega:= ...
- 3
2
votes
3
answers
549
views
Non-continuous representations of $\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbf{R})$
How does one construct a non-continuous representation $\rho:\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbf{R})\rightarrow G$ for some connected (finite dimensional) Lie group $G$?
- 7,609
2
votes
0
answers
114
views
Searching for inequalities relating a convolution-type integral of functions of modulus less than but close to one.
Suppose $f(x,y)$ and $g(x,y)$ are both measurable functions from $[0,1]\times[0,1]\to \mathbb{C}$ with $|f|,|g|<1$, and let $h(x,y)=\int_{0}^1 f(x,z)g(z,y) \ dz$. (So $|h(x,y)|<1$ also.)
...
- 88
3
votes
0
answers
409
views
Continuous function sort
If you have a real-valued function f(x), positive, continuous and bounded on some interval, then what kind of transform would convert this to a monotonic function g(x) on that interval analogously to ...
- 529
2
votes
1
answer
4k
views
Uniform $L_1$ convergence implies uniform convergence pointwise a.e.
Let $\Omega$ be a measure space (which can be assumed to be an interval with Lebesgue measure).
It is well known that for a sequence $(f_n)$ in $L^1(\Omega)$ which converges to zero (in $L^1(\Omega)$,...
- 2,270
5
votes
1
answer
664
views
Are piecewise linear curves dense among Hölder curves?
Consider for some $0 < \alpha \leq 1$ the space functions $x:[0,1] \to \mathbb{R}^n$ such that $x(0) = 0$ and
$\sup_{s,t} \frac{\|f(t)-f(s)\|}{|t-s|^{\alpha}}$
is finite.
There are at least two ...
- 4,304
23
votes
2
answers
651
views
Asymptotics of a Selberg-type integral
Let $\Delta(s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_n) := \prod_{i<j}(s_i-s_j)^2$. Is there a standard way to estimate the decay of the Selberg-type integral
$$ I_n:= \frac{1}{n!^2}\int_0^1 \int_0^1\cdots\int_0^1 \...
2
votes
0
answers
564
views
Young inequality in weighted spaces
Let $U$ be a bounded open set in $\mathbb{R}^2$, $g\in L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^2)$.
Let moreover $w$ be a weight (i.e. a non vanishing locally integrable function) on $U$ and $p\geq2$.
Does ...
- 1,205
7
votes
1
answer
876
views
A curious definite integral
I was playing around with $\mathcal{I}=\int_0^1\text{frac}({\frac{1}{x^n}}) dx$, where $\text{frac(.)}$ is the fractional part function, and I discovered that
$$
\mathcal{I} =
\begin{cases}
\frac{1}{...
- 829
5
votes
0
answers
760
views
two versions of the nested interval property
There appear to be two different nested interval properties for the reals with the punchline "... then the intersection of the intervals is non-empty", and I'd like to know their respective histories (...
- 19.7k
7
votes
3
answers
4k
views
Is a semicontinuous real function Borel measurable?
Let $f(x,u): [0,1]^2 \mapsto \mathbb{R}$ be a continuous
function.
[Q] Is $g(x) = \inf_{u\in [0,1]} f(x,u)$ always Borel measurable?
If not, can one find a counter-example?
Note that, for any $c$,
...
- 1,399
9
votes
2
answers
1k
views
polynomials with minimal $L_\infty$ norm on multiple disjoint intervals
It is well-known that Chebyshev polynomials are the polynomials of minimal $L_\infty$ norm on [-1,1] with leading coefficient 1. But what if you want the minimal $L_\infty$ polynomial on two disjoint ...
- 223
1
vote
0
answers
163
views
On explicit eigenfunctions
Given an algebraic surface $S$ defined by an algebraic equation such
as $x^{4}+2y^{4}+3z^{4}=1$, how would one find the third smallest
eigenvalue $\mu_{3}$ for the differential equation $\Delta f\left(...
- 11
2
votes
3
answers
3k
views
Extension of pointwise convergence of a sequence of uniformly continuous functions that converges on a dense set
It is known that a sequence of continuous functions on a metric space that converges pointwise on a dense subset need not converge pointwise on the full space. But what about if one assumes uniform ...
- 777
4
votes
0
answers
213
views
The ring generated by measures
Suppose $X$ is a space equipped with a $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{M}_X$. Then the set of measures on $X$ is closed under addition and scalar multiplication by elements of ${\mathbb R}$. Formally ...
- 8,659
9
votes
1
answer
782
views
Mean value property with fixed radius
Let $f$ be a continuous function defined on $\mathbb{R^n}$. It is well known that both the spherical mean value property (MVP) of $f$, i.e.
$$f(x)=\frac{1}{|\partial B(x,r)|}\int_{\partial B(x,r)}f,\ ...
- 981
4
votes
0
answers
273
views
Real Analytic Function and nth Prime
It is trivial that there are no polynomial function $P$ with integer coefficients that has the property $P(n)=p_n$ where $p_n$ is the $n$th prime.While it is true that can always construct a smooth ...
- 153
1
vote
1
answer
342
views
Singular conformally-Euclidean metrics
Suppose $W : \Bbb{R}^n \to \Bbb{R}_+$ is a continuous, positive function, with exactly $n$ zeros $\alpha_1,...,\alpha_n$. Define the following 'distance':
$$ d(\alpha_i,\alpha_j)=\inf\{\int_0^1 \sqrt{...
- 2,222
5
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Notions related to De Rham Cohomology
In R^2, we have the following abelian groups, some of which have R vector space structures, or even C vector space structures.
Closed forms/exact forms
real parts of analytic functions/harmonic ...
- 51
1
vote
1
answer
978
views
Concentration bound for weakly dependent random variables
Hi,
Suppose we observe a sequence $R_1, ..., R_T$ of iid. random variables that equal $0$ with probability $p$ and with probability $1-p$ are sampled from a distribution with expected value $E(R) >...
- 53
3
votes
0
answers
181
views
Example showing that area is discontinuous in the 2-variation seminorm
The $p$-variation seminorm (where $p \ge 1$) of a continuous curve $\alpha: [0,1] \to \mathbb{R}^2$ is defined as the supremum over all partitions $t_0 = 0 \le t_1 \le \cdots \le t_n = 1$ of:
$\left(\...
- 4,304
26
votes
3
answers
16k
views
the dual space of C(X) (X is noncompact metric space)
It is well known that when $X$ is a compact space (or locally compact space), the dual space of $C(X)=\{f |f:
X\rightarrow \mathbb{C} \text{ is continuous and bounded} \}$ is $M(X)$, the space of ...
- 1,706
0
votes
0
answers
345
views
Jacobian of the inversion map
Let $F:Tr(n,\mathbb{R})\cap GL_n(\mathbb{R})\rightarrow Tr(n,\mathbb{R})\cap GL_n(\mathbb{R})$ be the map which sends a matrix $A$ to its inverse $A^{-1}$. If we consider $F$ as a function from $(\...
- 657
5
votes
1
answer
540
views
Cosets of groups of functions
Let's consider an interval $I\subseteq\mathbb R$, and let $\mathcal F(I)$ be the set of bijective functions $f:I\to I$ so that the graph of $f$ is a analytic curve in $I\times I$.
The set $\mathcal ...
- 4,312
25
votes
16
answers
4k
views
functions satisfying "one-one iff onto"
Hello Everybody.
I need some more examples for the following really interesting phenomenon:
A function from the class ... is one-one iff it is onto.
Some ...
4
votes
0
answers
109
views
rank of a C^1 map
I saw this three star problem in Hirsch ..
If we have open sets $U \subset R^3$ ,$V \subset R^2$ and $f:U \to V$ is $C^1$ and onto...Prove there is at least one point in $U$ where $f$ has full rank
...
- 153
4
votes
1
answer
314
views
Spectral Properties of $A(I-A)^{-1}$
I am working with a class of matrices $A$ which are non-negative-definite, not symmetric, and have maximum eigenvalue less than 1. I am interested in the spectral properties of the matrix $H = A(I - ...
- 8,512
5
votes
2
answers
541
views
Asymptotic behaviour of $\int f(t)^a\cos(at)dt$
Are there any known necessary or sufficient conditions such that
$$\lim_{a\rightarrow \infty}\int_{-1}^1f(t)^a\cos(at)dt=0$$
where $f:[-1,1]\rightarrow[1,\infty)$ is an even smooth concave real ...
- 17.9k
28
votes
4
answers
3k
views
"Converse" of Taylor's theorem
Let $f:(a,b)\to\mathbb{R}$. We are given $(k+1)$ continuous functions $a_0,a_1,\ldots,a_k:(a,b)\to\mathbb{R}$ such that for every $c\in(a,b)$ we can write $f(c+t)=\sum_{i=0}^k a_i(c)t^i+o(t^k)$ (for ...
- 3,146
2
votes
1
answer
297
views
A raceway problem
Let $f(x)=\sin x$, and $g(x)=\sin x + 1$. Consider a set
$S=\{(x,y)| f(x)\leq y \leq g(x), x\in [0,2\pi]\}$. This set $S$ can be considered as "Raceway"
My question is finding the shortest path in $S$...
- 3,320
0
votes
0
answers
700
views
Sigma algebra generated
Let $\mathcal{L} \subset \mathbb{R}$ the Lebesgue sigma algebra and $\mathcal{B} \subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$ the Borel sigma algebra. I'll denotes by $\mathcal{L} \times \mathcal{B}$ the smallest sigma ...
- 11
6
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Lipschitz continuity of singular values
How smooth are the singular values of a matrix $F$ in terms of entries of $F$? I am hoping for Lipschitz continuity, but was not able to find it.
- 63
4
votes
1
answer
977
views
Ratio sum comparison on operators
It is known by the Lidskii inequality, that $\sum_{i=1}^n \left|s_i(S)-s_i(T)\right|\le\sum_{i=1}^n s_i(S+T)$,
where $s_i(S)$ is the $i$-th singular value of $S$.
How would one prove that
$$\sum_{i=1}^...
- 41
10
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Does Rolle's Theorem imply Dedekind completeness?
I think the answer to the title question is "yes", but Gerald Edgar, in his comment on Does antidifferentiability of continuous functions imply Dedekind completeness? , points out an article (actually ...
- 19.7k
6
votes
2
answers
4k
views
Is there dual space of the distributions $\mathcal{D}'(R)$?
Dear MOs,
Let $\mathcal{D}(R):=C_c^\infty(R)$ be the smooth functions with compact support. Its dual space is the space $\mathcal{D}'(R)$ of distributions. This space $\mathcal{D}(R)$ has its weak *-...
- 1,649
10
votes
0
answers
315
views
Does antidifferentiability of continuous functions imply Dedekind completeness?
Let $R$ be an ordered field, and let $I$ be {$x \in R: a < x < b$} for some $a < b$ in $R$. Define notions of $R$-continuity and $R$-differentiability for functions $f : I \rightarrow R$ by ...
- 19.7k
3
votes
3
answers
595
views
Every positive polynomial with rational coefficients is above a completely Q-factorized nonnegative polynomial ?
This question was originally asked in stackoverflow (https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/103941/every-positive-polynomial-is-above-a-completely-q-factorized-positive-polynomial) but as it has ...
- 3,595