All Questions
5,702 questions
4
votes
1
answer
188
views
Bound in terms of harmonic oscillator
I wonder if the following is true: Let $\alpha >0$ be a positive real number, do we have
$$\Vert H^{\alpha} \psi''\Vert \le \Vert H^{\alpha+1} \psi\Vert,$$
where $H = -\frac{d^2}{dx^2} + x^2$ is ...
1
vote
0
answers
43
views
If a weighted Laplacian's eigenfunction is zero in an open set, when is it identically zero?
Let $m, s \in ([0, 1]^d \rightarrow \mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}$). Define a weighted Laplacian $\Delta_{m, s}f$ evaluated at $x \in [0, 1]^d$ to be:
$m(x) \cdot \text{div} ( s(x) \nabla f(x))$.
What ...
- 93
5
votes
1
answer
351
views
Does the Poincaré inequality hold on annular domains?
Does the following Poincaré inequality hold
$$\int_{B_{r_2}\setminus B_{r_1}} |f-\bar{f}|^2 dx \leq C(r_2-r_1)^2 \int_{B_{r_2}\setminus B_{r_1}} |\nabla f|^2 dx,$$
where $B_r$ denotes a ball of radius ...
- 537
0
votes
1
answer
121
views
A simple bilinear estimate
Let $2\leq p,q <\infty$ and fix $0<\alpha<1$ such that
$\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}\leq 2-\alpha$.
Suppose that $f\in L^{p}([0,1])$ and $g\in L^{q}([0,1])$.
What is the optimal value of $t=t(\...
- 852
1
vote
0
answers
141
views
Can this integral be solved analytically
I have an integral of the form
$$\int_{t_1}^{t_2} \frac{\sum_{i=1}^n a_i e^{b_i t}}{\sum_{i=1}^n c_i e^{d_i t}} dt$$
Where $a_i,b_i,c_i,d_i$ are $4n$ real constants, and $t_1,t_2$ are positives. Is ...
- 686
2
votes
2
answers
285
views
How should the "measure theoretic" Jacobians of a dynamical map be understood in Lai-Sang Young's "Recurrence Times and Rates of Mixing"
In Young's article: Recurrence Times and Rates of Mixing, she uses multiple times the notation $JF, JF^k, JF^R$ to mean the Jacobian of a dynamical map $F:\Delta\to\Delta$ w.r.t. a given reference ...
- 151
0
votes
1
answer
58
views
An expansion for 2d Euler equation
Let $R>0$ be a large constant, such that for any $x \in \Omega$, $\Omega \subset B_R(x)$. Consider the following problem in $\mathbb{R}^2$:
$$
-\varepsilon^2 \Delta u=1_{\{u>a\}} \text { in }\, ...
- 471
1
vote
0
answers
79
views
How to distinguish birth and death bifurcations?
Let $f : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ have a degenerate critical point at $x = 0 \, ($ie, $f(0) = f'(0) = f''(0) = 0)$.
Perturbing $f$ locally around $0$ may cause multiple scenarios:
Birth: the ...
- 111
0
votes
0
answers
80
views
Verifying the Cauchy behavior of a sequence
Let me consider the iteration $x_{n+1}=Tx_n$ and $T$ is a self-map from a non-empty subset $K$ of a smooth Banach space $X$ to itself, satisfying $W(Tx, Ty) \leq W(x, y)$, where $W(x, y)=\Vert x \Vert^...
- 85
0
votes
0
answers
71
views
Reference request for equivalent Lipschitz smoothness conditions
For an open set $Z\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n$, let $f: Z\mapsto \mathbb{R}$ be a continuously differentiable function on $Z$, and let $L>0$ be fixed. Also, suppose that (a) $f$ is nonconvex and (b) $f$ ...
3
votes
2
answers
392
views
Monotonicity of matrix conjugation
Let $A$ and $B$ be positive-definite matrices such that $A \le B.$
By matrix monotonicity of the root, this also implies that $A^{\alpha} \le B^{\alpha}$ for $\alpha \in [0,1].$
I am now curious under ...
2
votes
1
answer
320
views
Fourier series but different waveform
Given a nondegenerate smooth simple closed convex curve $f: [0,2\pi]\to \mathbb C \setminus \{0\}$ with winding number (around origin) $1$, and $f$ have zero mean. Let $f_n: [0,2\pi]\to \mathbb C \...
- 807
2
votes
0
answers
120
views
A sequence linked to irrationality
Let $0 < c < 1$ be a real number and $ x \in \mathbb{R}$. We define the sequence $(u_n)_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$ by :
$$u_0 = x$$
$$ \mathrm{If}, u_n \le c, \mathrm{then}, u_{n + 1} = u_n + (1 - c) $$...
- 69
5
votes
1
answer
246
views
An asymmetric quadrilinear estimate
Fix $1<p<2$ and let $a_{i}=1-\frac{\theta_{i}}{p^{\prime}}$
where $\theta_{i}\in (0,1/2)$, $i=1,2,3,4$, and $p^{\prime}$ is the conjugate exponent of $p$. Note here that $0<a_{i}=1-\theta_{i}+...
- 852
1
vote
1
answer
116
views
Examining the Hilbert transform of functions over the positive real line
$\DeclareMathOperator\supp{supp}$Let $H:L^{2}(\mathbb{R})\to L^{2}(\mathbb{R})$ be the Hilbert transform. Let suppose we have a compaclty supported function $f \in L^{2}(\mathbb{R})$ such that $\supp(...
- 424
2
votes
2
answers
364
views
Is there a compactly supported differentiable function whose Fourier transform is not in L1?
In my MSE answer here, I discussed the example of compactly supported continuous function
$$g(x)=
\begin{cases}
\dfrac{\frac12 -x}{\log(x)},&0<x\leq1/2\\
0,&\text{otherwise}
\end{cases}$$
...
- 831
0
votes
1
answer
235
views
Does this property implies Lipschitz continuity?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^{n} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be such that, for $x,y,z \in \mathbb{R}^{n}$, we have that
$$|f(z) - f(x)| \leq |f(z) - f(y)| \Rightarrow \|z-x\| \leq \|z-y\|$$
Can I say that this ...
0
votes
1
answer
47
views
Everywhere existence of marginals
Let $f\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^2)$ be a (joint) probability density function which satisfies $f(x,y)>0$ for all $(x,y)\in \mathbb{R^2}$.
What is a necessary and sufficient condition under which the ...
- 3,574
9
votes
1
answer
428
views
The cardinality of projections of subsets of the Hilbert cube by inner products
I have three related questions.
Question 1: Is there a subset $X$ of the Hilbert cube $[0,1]^{\Bbb N}$ of cardinality continuum, such that for each sequence $a\in [0,1]^{\Bbb N}$ with $\sum a_n$ ...
- 3,104
2
votes
1
answer
142
views
Proving convexity of the expected logarithm of binomial distribution
I would like to prove that the following function, for an arbitrary integer $n$:
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
f(x) & =x\cdot E \ \log(1+\text{Binomial(n,x)}) \\
& = x \cdot \sum_{k=0}^{n} \...
- 23
6
votes
0
answers
431
views
How to prove these identities for $\log(2)$ based on $_3F_2$ integrals?
In this MO post I have placed 4 Ramanujan-type hypergeometric series found using the LLL algorithm for fast computing of some logarithms. I could prove 3 of them by means of classical methods based on ...
- 2,836
2
votes
1
answer
128
views
On the existence of a complicated fractal-like set of finite perimeter
Let $f\in BV(\Bbb R^n)$ be an integer-valued function that maps into $\{0, 1\}$ and is identically $0$ outside some bounded set in $\Bbb R^n$. In particular, $f$ determines a bounded Caccioppoli set $...
- 1,245
5
votes
1
answer
359
views
Infinite multiplicity set of continuous functions
Definitions:
Fix a function $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ such that $f$ obtains each value only finite (possibly $0$) number of times. We say $E \subset \mathbb{N}$ is the "multiplicity set" ...
- 103
4
votes
2
answers
364
views
Nontrivial invariant transformations for heat equations
It is well known that if $u$ is a harmonic function on $\mathbb R^2$ then its Kelvin transform defined by
$$ v(r,\theta) = u(\frac{1}{r},\theta)$$
is also harmonic for $r>0$. Note that the Kelvin ...
- 4,135
2
votes
0
answers
138
views
Sufficient initial conditions for "non-local" PDE
I am studying a problem of the form $$i\, \partial_t \psi(t) = L \psi(t) + \int_0^t U(t-r) \psi(r) \, dr, \qquad \psi(0) = \psi_0,$$ where the evolution occurs in some Hilbert space, $L$ is a self-...
- 71
0
votes
0
answers
32
views
Integral representation of completely alternating homogeneous functionals on semi-lattice of continuous functions
For a long time I've been interested in G. Choquet seminal work "Theory of capacities" (Annales de l’institut Fourier, tome 5 (1954), p. 131-295). More precisely part 53 about integral ...
1
vote
1
answer
133
views
A question about the maximal function
Let $n>4$, $f\in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ and 0 denote the origin of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. We define a weighted maximal function by $$Mf(x)=\sup_{0<r<1}r^{4-n}\int_{B_{r}(x)}|f|$$ which is ...
- 155
0
votes
0
answers
279
views
Are there "gaps" between Lipschitz functions and $C^1$ functions?
I was wondering about this fact. By Rademacher theorem, it is well known that a Lipschitz function in $\mathbb{R}^d$ is $\mathcal{L}^d$-a.e. differentiable. Of course, a $C^1$ function is everywhere ...
- 697
0
votes
1
answer
72
views
Triviality of functions integrated against some trigonometrical kernels
Let's say we have a smooth real symmetric function $f\in C^\infty(\mathbb{R}^2)$ satisfying next identity:
$$\int_{\mathbb{R}^2}(e^{-i\xi x}-e^{-i\xi y})f(x,y)\,dx\,dy=0\quad\forall \xi\in\mathbb{R}. $...
0
votes
0
answers
73
views
Asymptotic stochastic ordering for weighted sum of i.i.d. random variables
Are you aware of any literature focusing on the conditions such that for two i.i.d. sequences of discrete r.v.'s $\{X_n\}$ and $\{Y_n\}$,
\begin{equation}
a_1X_1+a_2X_2+\ldots+a_nX_n\geq_1 a_1Y_1+...
- 19
1
vote
1
answer
101
views
On the definition of symmetric rearrangement
For a measurable function $u:\mathbb{R}^{n}\to \mathbb{C}$ one usually defines the symmetric rearrangement $u^{*}:\mathbb{R}^{n}\to \mathbb{R}^{+}$ as follows:
\begin{equation*}
u^{*}(x)=\int_{0}^{\...
- 9,007
0
votes
1
answer
76
views
Decay rate of $\lim_{|z| \to \infty} \|1_{B(z, 1)} f\|_{L^p} =0$
We fix $p \in [1, \infty)$. We have for every $f \in L^p (\mathbb R^d)$ that $\lim_{|z| \to \infty} \|1_{B(z, 1)} f\|_{L^p} =0$. I wonder if there is an estimate of above decay, i.e.,
Is there a ...
- 835
0
votes
0
answers
28
views
Metric entropy of mixed norm spaces with exponent-free bounds
Suppose $\mathcal{F}\subset L^p([0,1]^d)$ is a subset with the following property: The $L^q$-covering number of $\mathcal{F}$ is independent of $q$, for all $1\le q\le\infty$. An example of $\mathcal{...
- 21
3
votes
0
answers
84
views
About the naturality of Krasnoselskii genus on Variational Methods
I have recently watched a seminar about Variational Methods from Mónica Clapp and she gave a very interesting motivation of why the Lusternik–Schnirelmann category (click on the link for the ...
- 131
2
votes
1
answer
115
views
Bound for the $n$-th derivative of a proper rational function with no poles on the right half-plane
Suppose that
$f$ and $g$ are polynomials with nonnegative coefficients,
the degree of $g$ is greater than the degree of $f$,
$g + f$ have no zeros on the right half plane $\mathbb{C}_+ = \{z \in \...
- 187
-2
votes
1
answer
102
views
Partial derivative in terms of Kronecker delta and the Laplacian operator [closed]
How can the following term:
$$ T_{ij} = \partial_i \partial_j \phi$$
be written in terms of Kronecker delta and the Laplacian operator $\mathbin\bigtriangleup = \nabla^2$?
I mean is there a relation:
$...
- 117
0
votes
1
answer
217
views
About the polynomial characterization of $C^{1,\alpha}(\bar{\Omega})$ Hölder space in Lipschitz domain
I have trouble proving the following statement regarding a characterization of $C^{1,\alpha}$:
Let $\Omega$ be a Lipschitz domain. $u$ is pointwise $C^{1,\alpha}$ at all points with the same constant $...
- 111
0
votes
2
answers
159
views
Cauchy's functional multiplicative equation on the unit interval
This question might be trivial, but I didn't find a clean reference and have not attempted to prove it myself yet: Let $f:[0,1]\rightarrow [0,1]$ be a continuous and monotonic function such that $f(0)=...
- 97
2
votes
0
answers
159
views
Upper bound of a product of sines
Consider the function
$$ f_n(t)= \prod_{1 \leq k \leq n-1,\\ \gcd(k,n)=1} \sin\Big(t-\frac{k \pi}{n}\Big),\quad t \in [0,\pi].$$
I wonder whether it is possible to compute some nontrivial upper ...
- 826
6
votes
0
answers
632
views
Generating functions in countable commutative monoids
Let $f: \mathbb{N}_0 \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ be a function. The power series of $f$ can be viewed as the function $\mathscr{P}_f : q \mapsto \sum_{n \in \mathbb{N}_0}^{} f(n)q^n$ where $q \in \mathbb{...
- 405
0
votes
3
answers
278
views
A generalisation of Tchebychev inequality
Let $f,g \in C(\mathbb R)$ with $\exists M \in \mathbb R^*, \forall (x,y) \in \mathbb R^2, M\times (f(x)-f(y))(g(x)-g(y)) \geq 0$.
Is it true that exists $ u$ any real function, and $a,b$ monotone ...
- 4,074
2
votes
2
answers
235
views
$L^p$ domination of mixed partial derivatives of the 3rd order by the unmixed ones?
Is it true that for each real $p>1$ there is some real $C_p$ such that for all smooth real-valued functions $u$ compactly supported on $S:=(0,1)^3$ one has
$$\|D_1D_2D_3u\|_p\le C_p(\|D_1^3u\|_p+\|...
- 128k
2
votes
1
answer
272
views
Decompose a function into a bounded part and a Lipschitz part
Let $f: \mathbb R^d \to \mathbb R^d$ be a measurable function such that
$$
\sup_{x,y \in \mathbb R^d} \frac{|f(x) - f(y)|}{\max \{1, |x-y| \}} < \infty.
$$
Are there functions $g,h: \mathbb R^d \...
- 835
5
votes
0
answers
107
views
Generalized Puiseux series for diagonal reflections of the curves $y = \frac{x}{(1-ax)(1-bx)^m}$
Reflection of the curve $y = f_m(x) = \frac{x}{(1-ax)(1-bx)^m}$ through the diagonal line $y=x$ in the $xy$-plane can be regarded as local compositional inversion of the curve $y=f_m(x)$. ($x,y,a,b$ ...
- 10.5k
3
votes
0
answers
86
views
Finite dimensional distribution of a stochastic process Lipschitz on every relatively compact set
Let $X_t$ be a Markovian Itô diffusion process, defined by an SDE
\begin{equation}
dX_t = \mu(X_t)\,dt + \sigma(X_t)\,dW_t\,.
\end{equation}
Let $f(x,t|x_0,0)$ denote its transition density function. ...
2
votes
2
answers
197
views
$L^p$ domination of mixed partial derivatives by the unmixed ones?
Is it true that for each real $p\ge1$ there is some real $C_p$ such that for all smooth real-valued functions $u$ compactly supported on $S:=(0,1)^2$ one has
$$\|D_1D_2u\|_p\le C_p(\|D_1^2u\|_p+\|D_2^...
- 128k
2
votes
1
answer
154
views
Are these two norms on localized versions of $L^p_q$ equivalent?
$\newcommand{\RR}{\mathbb R}\newcommand{\diff}{\, \mathrm d}$ We fix $T \in (0, \infty)$ and $p, q \in [1, \infty)$. Let $\mathbb T$ be the interval $[0, T]$.
Let $E$ be the space of all real-valued ...
- 835
1
vote
1
answer
157
views
To find a $2\pi$-periodic function with a property
I recently came across the following question in my research, and I don't know how to proceed this problem.
Question: How to find a function $g(x)$ such that it satisfies
(1) $2\pi$ periodic
(2) odd
(...
- 405
4
votes
1
answer
279
views
Schroedinger operator in 2 dimensions with singular potential
Consider the Schroedinger operator
$$H = -\Delta + \frac{c}{\vert x \vert^2}$$
in two dimensions with $c >0$
This operator has a self-adjoint realization, since it is a positive symmetric operator ...
0
votes
1
answer
139
views
Singular integral bounded by Dirichlet form?
We define for some fixed $L$
$$\Omega:=\{(x_1,x_2) \in ([-L,L]^2 \times [-L,L]^2) \setminus \{x_1=x_2\}\},$$
in particular $x_1,x_2 \in \mathbb R^2.$
Let $f \in C_c^{\infty}(\Omega)$, then I am ...