Questions tagged [random-graphs]

The study of probability distributions over graphs. For example, the Erdős–Rényi model where each edge occurs independently with equal probability.

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Evolution of the empirical mean of a list as we remove elements proportional to their value

Consider a list of $N$ integers $k_1,k_2,\dots k_N$, drawn independently from some distribution $P(k)$ with $k_i \geq 1$. We denote its mean with $\langle k\rangle=\sum_{k=1}kP(k)$. The first two ...
Sam's user avatar
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Locally "unshortable" paths in graphs

Setup: Consider a connected graph G, with diameter "d". Informally: Trivially (by definition of diameter), taking any path $P$ any nodes $P(i) , P(i+k)$ for $k>d$ can be connected by a ...
Alexander Chervov's user avatar
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Expected number of edges in the neighborhood of vertices in random graphs

Question: given a vertex $v$ of a symmetric random graph $G$ without self loops and parallel edges, what is the expected number edges in the subgraph induced by the vertices $u\in G\setminus v:\ (u,v)...
Manfred Weis's user avatar
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Smallest dominating set

Given a graph $G$, we say $S$ is a dominating set if $S\cup \{N(x):x\in S\}=V(G)$. Let $d(n,k)$ be the smallest integer $s$ so that every $n$-vertex graph $G$ with minimum degree $k$ has some ...
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Diameters of random bipartite graphs

Given two partite sets of vertices $U$ and $V$ of size $n$. Each vertex in $U$ uniformly randomly selects $K$ ($K$ is a constant and $K\ll n$) vertices in $V$ without replacement and connects a ...
Zijian Wang's user avatar
2 votes
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81 views

Do Fagin's zero-one laws hold on stochastic block model?

Let $n$ be a positive integer (the number of vertices), $k$ be a positive integer (the number of communities), $p = (p_1, . . . , p_k)$ be a probability vector on $[k] := \{1, . . . , k\}$ (the prior ...
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Nearest neighbors on random complete graph

Consider the complete graph on $2n$ vertices, where the ${2n \choose 2}$ edges have distinct lengths in uniform random order. So each vertex $v$ has a nearest neighbor $N(v)$, across the shortest ...
David Aldous's user avatar
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2 answers
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Finding an easy example applying the general Lovász local lemma

Is there any easy application for the general local lemma as follows? If someone knows, please tell me the references or just post an example here. Thanks. General Lovász local lemma: Consider a set $...
Xin Zhang's user avatar
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4 votes
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Erdős–Rényi random graphs — reproducing 2 inequalities

In Erdős and Renyi's 1959 paper On random graphs I , I'm trying to reproduce, starting from Eq.\eqref{1} in their paper, the two inequalities that appear in Eq.\eqref{2}. Eq.\eqref{1} is: $$ P \le \...
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Finding small connected subgraphs of a random regular graph

Fix parameters $m,f,b$. I do not believe it matters for the general form of the question, but in the problem I am examining $m,f,b$ are all powers of $2$ with $m \gg f > b$. For example $m=2^{25},f=...
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Controlling quantity related to Laplacian pseudo-inverse of Erdős–Rényi graph

Consider an $n$-node undirected graph $G = (V, E)$ equipped with weights $W$. Let $L$ be the weighted graph Laplacian matrix, i.e. $L_{ij} = -W_{(i,j)}$ for $(i,j)\in E$ and $L_{ii} = \sum_{j:(i,j)\in ...
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2 votes
2 answers
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Example of random walk in a random environment (RWRE) saying things on the environment

I was wondering if anyone is aware of works/articles/examples where random walks in a random environment (RWRE) are actually used for obtaining information on the random environment. To clarify a bit, ...
Cal's user avatar
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Benjamini-Schramm convergence: convergence on metric balls implies weak convergence?

In the famous paper by Benjamini-Schramm 2001, they consider the space of rooted graphs with uniformly bounded degrees, this space modulo rooted graph isomorphism is denoted by $\mathcal X$. This ...
Fredy's user avatar
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A question related to contiguity of random regular graphs

I am looking for a reference for the following fact. Let $r\geq 3$ be constant, let $G(n,r-2)$ be a random (simple) $(r-2)$-regular graph and let $H(n)$ be an independent random Hamiltonian cycle (on ...
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Do finite components get smaller as supercritical random graphs with an arbitrary degree sequence get denser?

I asked this question a few weeks ago on MSE but did not receive any responses so I am going to ask a related but more specific question here. First some notation. Let $\mathbb{G} = \mathbb{G}(n,\...
deej's user avatar
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Graphon convergence of uniform weighted graphs

I have a question that I need at some point my research. Suppose that the upper-triangular entries of an $n\times n$ symmetric matrix $A$ are i.i.d. Uniform$(0,1)$. Does the weighted graph with ...
Probabilist's user avatar
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Statistics of connected-component sizes of minimum-weight $f$-factors in random planar geometric graphs

An $f$-factor is an $f$-regular subgraph with the same vertex set $V$ and a subset of the edges $E$ of some given undirected graph $G(V,E)$ Question: what is known about the statistical properties of ...
Manfred Weis's user avatar
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Phase-transitions for a property of random bipartite graphs

Let $N_1$, $N_2$, and $k$ be positive integers. Let $V_1$ and $V_2$ be finite sets with $|V_i| = N_i \ge 1$. Consider a bipartite graph $G=(V_1,V_2,E)$ constructed as follows. For every $x \in V_1$, ...
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A one-sided/monotone version of min/max-stable distributions -- does this have a name?

In a couple of papers I am working on (in random graph theory) I have encountered the following property of certain probability distributions, which I will describe shortly, and I am wondering if this ...
Joel Ottar's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
127 views

Random graphs constructed by many large matchings

Let $G_{n,d}$ be $d$-regular random graph. We know that for $d \geq 3$, $G \in G_{n,d}$ a.a.s. has a $1$-factorisation when $n$ is even. So, the resulting graph that obtained from randomly choosing $d$...
Zhukui Bai's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
185 views

Connected components in random regular graphs

Suppose we take a random regular graph $G_{2n, r}$, where $n$ is large. Let us also assume that $r$ is fixed, (not dependent on $n$). Let's say that half of the vertices of the graph are colored black ...
SMS's user avatar
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1 answer
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Random graph uniformly sample from the special graphs

We know two basic random graph models:$G(n,p)$ and $G(n,m)$. $G(n,m)$ consists of all graphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, in which the graphs have the same probability. We know that $G(n,p)$ and $...
Zhukui Bai's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
75 views

Random walks on randomly evolving graphs

I am interested in analyzing a random walk on a growing tree with vertices labelled on a tree with following properties. The number of nodes at depth $k$ is a an exponential function of $k$. One can ...
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Asymmetric strictly balanced graphs

I am interested in the existence of strictly balanced, asymmetric graph with given number of vertices and edges. A known result of Rucinski and Vince shows that for every $(v,e)$ with $1\leq v-1 \leq ...
35T41's user avatar
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5 votes
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279 views

Probability of the random graph on $2n$ vertices having exactly $n$ vertices with degree $\ge n$

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a uniform random graph on $2n$ labeled vertices and let $S \subseteq {V}$ be the set of vertices with degree $\ge n$. Then what happens to $\mathbf{P}(|S|=n)$ as $n \to \infty$? ...
Nikita Gladkov's user avatar
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Diameter of component graph of uniform spanning forests on the amenable transitive graph with super polynomial growth

According to the paper Benjamini, Kesten, Peres, and Schramm - Geometry of the uniform spanning forest: transitions in dimensions 4, 8, 12 (Annals, 2004), the diameter of the component graph of the ...
none Yuan's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
58 views

Minimum induced subtree cover number of a graph

For an arbitrary simple finite graph $G$, without multiple edges between any two nodes and without any loop, the minimum induced subtree cover number, which is denoted by $stc(G)$, is defined to be ...
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2 votes
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Union of two copies of uniform spanning forest on $\mathbb{Z}^3$ is transient? [closed]

Let $G$ be the (random) graph which is the union of two independent copies of the uniform spanning forest on $\mathbb{Z}^3$. Question: Is (the simple random walk on) $G$ transient almost surely?
none Yuan's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
63 views

Probability of randomly finding a loop in a (directed) Bernoulli random graph

This problem is inspired by an activity at work, where each person was tasked with introducing another person in the onboarding class, sequentially. Problem Statement Given $N$ people. For each pair ...
Benjamin Wang's user avatar
7 votes
1 answer
365 views

What is this Ramsey problem?

Given positive integers, $n,m,r$, define $R((n,m);r)$ to be the least $N$ such that for any $r$-coloring $C:E(K_N)\to \{1,\dots,r\}$, there is some monochromatic subgraph with $n$ vertices and $m$ ...
Zach Hunter's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
403 views

Vertex degree on random graphs

Let $p = d/n$ with $d$ constant. How do I prove that, with high probability, $G_{n,p}$ contains a vertex of degree at least $(\log n)^{1/2}$, where $G_{n,p}$ is a graph with $n$ vertices and the ...
Nir Kfir's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
109 views

Probability of (single) connecting paths in Erdos-Renyi graphs

In an Erdos-Renyi graph with labeled vertices in $(1, ..., N)$, and for any pair of vertices $(r, s)$ with $r < s$ and a length $l$ in $(1, ..., s-r)$, I am looking for the probability of there ...
Scriddie's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
168 views

Quasi-random vs pseudo-random graphs

My question is somehow concerning terminology on extremal graph theory. Is there any difference concerning the notion of quasi-random graph and the notion of pseudo-random graph? My feeling is that ...
Johnny Cage's user avatar
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6 votes
1 answer
217 views

Expected doubling constant of a random Erdős–Rényi graph

Consider the $G(n,p)$ random graph model where $n$ is a ``large'' positive integer and $p\in (0,1)$. We may equip every realized random graph $G$ with its shortest path distance, making it into a (...
ABIM's user avatar
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Hyperbolic random geometric graphs with less clustering

The hyperbolic random geometric graph $G_{\mathbb{H}}$ consists of a $N$ uniformly random points (within a disk of radius $R$ centred at the origin) of the hyperbolic plane $\mathbb{H}$, connected ...
apg's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
73 views

Concavity of expected size of a maximum matching (in a bipartite graph) w.r.t. edge probability

Given a n*n bipartite graph where each edge (between any two nodes on the opposite side) is formed i.i.d. with probability $p$, can we show a concavity result on the expected size of a maximum ...
messi22's user avatar
  • 53
1 vote
0 answers
91 views

Limit of alternating sum of factorial moments which diverge

Consider the non-negative, integer valued random variable $X$, and its $i^{\text{th}}$ factorial moment $E_{i}[X]$. Then we have that $$ P(X=0) = \sum _{i=0}^{\infty} \frac{(-1)^i E_{r}[X]}{ i!} $$ ...
apg's user avatar
  • 612
2 votes
1 answer
94 views

Lower bound on the number of balanced graphs

Let $\alpha>1$ be a constant and define $B_n$ as the number of (labeled) balanced graphs with $n$ vertices and $\left\lceil \alpha n\right\rceil $ edges. The paper Strongly Balanced Graphs and ...
35T41's user avatar
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0 votes
0 answers
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Likelihood ratio of non-trivial cycles in an inhomogeneous random square lattice graph embedded on a toroidal surface

Consider a square lattice (random) graph $G$ embedded on a toroidal surface. Each edge $(i, j)$ of the graph has an associated likelihood probability $p_{ij}$. The probabilities $p_{ij}$ come from a ...
Sanchayan Dutta's user avatar
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0 answers
110 views

What to do when the second moment method does not provide a sufficient bound for $P(X=0)$

We have that for a real valued random variable $X$, $$ P(X=0) \leq \frac{\text{Var}(X)}{\left(\mathbb{E}(X)\right)^2} $$ known as Chebyshev's inequality. Consider a random variable $X \in \{0,1,2,\...
apg's user avatar
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6 votes
0 answers
134 views

Hamilton cycles in random graphs with just enough connectivity

What is the asymptotic probability that $G$ has a Hamilton cycle if $G$ is a random $n$ vertex $\frac{4}{3}n$ edge graph, with minimum degree 2 and without degree 2 vertices at distance 1 or 2 to each ...
Dmytro Taranovsky's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
135 views

Width of the critical window in a random graph

In an Erdős–Rényi random graph $G(n,p)$, the giant component emerges with thresholding function $p(n) = c/n$, where $c>1$. When $c=1$, and $\lambda \in \mathbb{R}$, we can write or "...
apg's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
278 views

What is the exact definition of a sharp transition?

In "Sharp threshold phenomena in statistical physics", H. Duminil-Copin, Japanese J. of Math. 14, 2019, a sharp transition of a boolean function is defined as follows: A sequence of ...
apg's user avatar
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6 votes
2 answers
605 views

Threshold function for a graph not being planar

A graph property $\mathcal{P}$ is monotone increasing if $G\in \mathcal{P}$ implies $G+e \in \mathcal{P}$, i.e., adding an edge to a graph does not destroy the property. It is well-known that every ...
W. Paul Liu's user avatar
8 votes
2 answers
334 views

Selection of an n-vertex graph at random

Let's say I want to select, at random, an $n$-vertex graph $G=(V,E)$ from the set of all $n$-vertex graphs. One way to do this would be to take the empty graph on $n$ vertices and then add each ...
Rhyd Lewis's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
138 views

Discrepancy of random bipartite graphs (2)

This question is a modification of the one asked here, which turned out to ask for something too strong to be true. Given $k>0$ and a positive integer $n$, let $X, Y$ be two vertex sets of size $n$ ...
Antoine Labelle's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
181 views

Discrepancy of random bipartite graphs

This is a crosspost from MathStackExchange (original question). Fix $k>0$ and let $X, Y$ be two vertex sets of size $n$ a positive integer (we're interested in the limit $n\to \infty$). Define a ...
Antoine Labelle's user avatar
10 votes
1 answer
465 views

(Asymmetric) matrix power series in closed form: $\sum_{i=0}^{\infty} A^i \left(A^i\right)^{\top}={?}$

Let $A\in \mathbb{S}^{N\times N}$ be a symmetric, real and stable matrix, i.e., $\rho(A)<1$, where $\rho(A)$ stands for the spectral radius of $A$. Then, $$\sum\limits_{i=0}^{\infty} A^{2i}=\left( ...
Augusto Santos's user avatar
2 votes
2 answers
160 views

Which infinite random graphs with percolation threshold $p_c=0$ are transient?

I am interested in long-range percolation models with heavy-tailed degree distributions such as DHH13, GLM21, Y6. The simplest example is scale-free percolation in which vertices are elements $\mathbb{...
Christian Mönch's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
498 views

Hammersley-Clifford theorem

The paper spatial interaction and the statistical analysis of lattice systems by Besag (1974) presents an alternative proof for the Hammersley-Clifford theorem. In order to prove the HM theorem, Besag ...
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