Questions tagged [quadratic-forms]
Algebraic and geometric theory of quadratic forms and symmetric bilinear forms, e.g., values attained by quadratic forms, isotropic subspaces, the Witt ring, invariants of quadratic forms, the discriminant and Clifford algebra of a quadratic form, Pfister forms, automorphisms of quadratic forms.
543 questions
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How to minimize this sparse quadratic function?
There is a problem when I'm reading a paper.
Equation:
$min_p|p-p^*|^2+\alpha |R(p)|^2 + \beta |D(p)-\delta|^2$,
where $p, p^*, R(p), D(p), \delta$ are all $M\times N$ matrices, and $p^*, R(), D(), ...
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123
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Lower bounds on the rank of a unimodular lattice, given the binlinear pairing of a subset of basis vectors
I have some questions on lower bounds on the rank of unimodular lattices given the bilinear pairing of a subset of its basis is known.
Let $\Lambda$ be an odd, unimodular matrix of signature $(1,T)$. ...
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118
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Action of $(\mathbb{Z}/2g\mathbb{Z})$ on quadratic forms on $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-vector space
Let $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ the 2 elements field, with additive notation.
I need some clarifications on the relation between quadratic forms on a $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-vector space (say, of ...
- 3,779
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A description of the isometry group $O(U\oplus E_8)$?
Are there any good description of the isometry group $O(U\oplus E_8)$? Here $U$ denotes the hyperbolic lattice and $E_8$ the root lattice of type $E_8$.
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Self-adjoint operators and index of quadratic form associated to it
Let $B$ a bounded self-adjoint operator on a real Hilbert space $H$ with an associated inner product $(\cdot,\cdot).$ Take $V=\operatorname{span}\{f_1, f_2, \ldots, f_n\}$ a finite dimensional ...
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58
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Diophantine approximation of real quadratic forms by forms defined over a real number field
I am interested in a statement of the following form.
Let $K$ be a real number field and consider real numbers $(\xi^-, \xi^+)$.
Assume that there are infinitely many pairs of real algebraic numbers $(...
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93
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Orthogonalization of symmetric non-degenerate bilinear forms
It is well-known that given a field $k$ with characteristic different from $2$, every symmetric non-degenerate bilinear form $B$ over a finite-dimensional space can be orthogonalized. This means that ...
- 1,485
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92
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Convergence in probability of quadratic form with positive mean
Let $\boldsymbol{X}_n\in\mathbb{R}^n$ be a sequence of Gaussian random vectors with independent entries, such that $X_{n,i}\sim \mathcal{N}(\mu_i,\sigma^2)$ (that is, all entries of the $n$th vector ...
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111
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Totally isotropic space for bilinear pairing over ring
A duplicate of this:
Consider the following well-known inequality: Let $b$
be a non-degenerate symmetric bilinear pairing over a (finite-dimensional) $\mathbb F$-vector space $V$ and $W$
a totally ...
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Squares in division ring extensions $\ell/k$ with $[\ell:k] = 2$
Let $k$ and $\ell$ be division rings such that $\ell$ contains $k$, and $[\ell : k] = 2$. When do I know that there is an element $a \in k$ such that $x^2 = a$ has solutions in $\ell$, but not in $k$?
- 4,547
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145
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Positive definite quadratic form algorithm
Let $f(x,y)= ax^2+bxy+cy^2$, or similarly denote it by $(a,b,c)$. This question is about the case $(1,0,p)$ where $p$ is prime. Suppose I have one solution $\bar{x}_1=(x_0,y_0)$ for $f(x,y)=m$ for ...
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222
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Genus of quadratic form
I am trying to understand the genus of a lattice from Conway and Sloane textbook. They said two quadratic forms $Q_1$ and $Q_2$ lie in the same genus if they are equivalent over $\mathbb{R}$ and over ...
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Is a Lagrangian subgroup of a metric group isomorphic to its quotient?
A metric group is a finite abelian group $G$ with a quadratic function
$$q:G\rightarrow \mathbb R/\mathbb Z\;,$$
that is,
$$M(a,b):= q(a+b)-q(a)-q(b)$$
is bilinear in $a$ and $b$ [edit: and non-...
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How to express the product of elements of a vector with quadratic form?
$x$ is a binary vector which means the elements in $x$ are 0 or 1, and $p$ is another vector with the same length. How to express the product of elements in $p$ whose corresponding elements are 1 in $...
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179
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Points at which a polynomial becomes reducible
Let $n \geq 10$ and set $\mathbf{y} = (y_1,\ldots,y_n)$. Let $Q_1(\mathbf{y}),\ldots,Q_5(\mathbf{y})$ be non-zero quadratic forms with integer coefficients such that the cubic form $x_1Q_1(\mathbf{y})+...
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153
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Polynomial parametrization for solutions of quadratic Diophantine equations
A previous Mathoverflow question asks if there is an algorithm that would determine all integer solutions to a given quadratic Diophantine equation.
To make this question more formal, we need to agree ...
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92
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Positive definite matrix and Hörmander theory
Let $\varphi \in C_{0}^{\infty}, \varphi\neq 0$. We'll consider the inner product in $L^{2}.$
Let $\alpha,\beta$ multi-index, $m\in \mathbb{N}$ such that $|\alpha|,|\beta|\leq m$ and set
$$
\varphi_{\...
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221
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Number of integer solutions to quadratic polynomial with integer coefficients
It is known from for example Representations of Integers as Sums of Squares by Grosswald, E. that
$$|\{(n_1,n_2,\ldots,n_k)\in\mathbb{Z}^k: \ n_1^2+n_2^2+\cdots+n_k^2=N\}|\leq C_\varepsilon N^{\frac{...
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113
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On question on quadratic forms in four variables
Let $F$ be a non-singular quadratic form in four variables and let $w: \mathbb{R}^4 \to \mathbb{R}$ be a non-negative compactly supported function satisfying certain suitable conditions. Set $$N(F,w,m)...
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Tensor product of preordered rings
All rings in this post are commutative, unital, and contain $\frac{1}{2}$.
To study "real" properties of a ring $R$, one is often interested in the orderings which exist on fraction fields of ...
- 277
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181
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Topological vs algebraic intersection forms
Let $X$ be a simply connected complex projective surface (hence a real $4$-manifold). Let $(H^2(X,\mathbb Z)/\mathrm{tors}, q_X)$, $(A^1(X)/\mathrm{tors},q_X')$ be the corresponding lattices in ...
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58
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Quadrics over the univariate function field with discriminant of minimal degree
Consider a non-degenerate quadric $Q(x,y,z) \subset \mathrm{P}^2$ over the univariate function field $\mathbb{F}_p(t)$, where $\mathbb{F}_p$ is a prime finite field, $p > 2$. For simplicity assume ...
- 1,833
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995
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Proof of A Positive Definite Covariance Matrix
I would like to prove such a matrix as a positive definite one,
$$
(\omega^T\Sigma\omega) \Sigma - \Sigma\omega \omega^T\Sigma
$$
where $\Sigma$ is a positive definite symetric covariance matrix ...
- 5
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66
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Suggestions to solve an optimization problem that involves quadratic forms
I am in a crucial part of my research, I have arrived at an optimization problem that I can not solve, I need to solve it to be able to perform simulations and thus complete my research, due to this ...
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282
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A symmetric matrix with nonzero principal minors is cogredient to a diagonal matrix via an upper triangular
A paper I'm reading in representation theory states the following result:
Let $F$ be a field of characteristic zero, and $x$ a symmetric matrix in $M_n(F)$ all of whose principal minors are not zero. ...
- 6,180
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432
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$p$-adic orthogonal groups in four variables
Let $p>2$ be prime. By the classification of quadratic forms, there are $8$ pairwise non-equivalent isotropic orthogonal groups in $4$ variables. Is there a concrete classification of orthogonal ...
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149
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Rost Correspondence and minimal Pfister-Neighbors
In http://www.math.uiuc.edu/K-theory/0357/ Karpenko utters the following:
Conjecture 1.6. If an anisotropic quadric $X = Q$ possesses a Rost correspondence,
then the quadratic form (defining $X$) ...
- 1,479
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180
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A quadratic form pair
Let $Q_s(x)\in\Bbb Z[x_1,x_2,\dots,x_s],\hat{Q}_{\hat s}(y)\in \Bbb Z[y_1,y_2,\dots,y_\hat s]$ be pair of homogeneous purely non-diagonal (every term of form $x_ix_j$ or $y_iy_j$) quadratic forms and ...
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311
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Subspace generated by positive vectors
Hi everyone, first of all i must admit i'm very familiar with quadratic forms and positive subspaces, so i'm sorry if my question is too trivial. So, here's my problem:
Let $L$ be a real vector space ...
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1
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775
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Positive subspaces of quadratic forms
here's my question:
Let $V$ be a k-dimensional vector space over $\mathbb{R}$ and $q$ a quadratic form on $V$ of signature $(m,n)$ , $m+n=k$.
We have $W\subset V$ a positive (with respect to the ...
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407
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Solutions to a quadratic congruence
Fix an odd prime $p$. Let $\alpha = (\alpha_0,\dots,\alpha_k)$ be a solution to the congruence $\sum_{i=0}^{k} \alpha_i^2 \equiv x \mod p$. Now consider the number $N_\alpha$ of solutions to the ...
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270
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Solution Existence of a System of Complex Quadratic Equations
Consider $ {x_k}_{k = 1}^K \in \mathbb{C}^{N \times 1}$ a set of $K$ complex vector variables of length $N$. I am interested in finding the existence of a solution of the following
quadratic set of ...
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113
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Question regarding contiguous forms
I read about contiguous forms in Achill Scürmann's thesis on positive quadratic forms. I am wondering about one aspect of the Voronoi algorithm presented in there, that enumerates all arithmetically ...
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179
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Quadratic forms and 0-1 points.
I have a quadratic form $Q(u) = \langle Du , u \rangle = 0$, where $D$ is circulant-symmetric from $\mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ $D$ has all entries $0$ or $1$ except the diagonal which a negative real ...
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867
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Integration of exponentials of quadratic forms (general Gaussian itegrals) over semi-finite domains
Hi
I'm interested in evaluating the integral of $e^{-s^T A s + b s}$ over a semi-infinite domain. $A$ is $\binom{N}{2}$x$\binom{N}{2}$ and has $N-1$ eigenvalues equal to $N$, and the rest 0. In ...
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213
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number of representations by sums of three squares (with coefficients)
There are formulas for counting the number of representations of a positive integer $N$ as a sum of three integer squares. What is a reference for
$$
\#\{(x,y,z)\in \mathbf{N}^3: 5^4 x^2+y^2+z^2=N\}
?$...
- 3,062
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Questions on $x^2+y^2+z^2$, $x^2+y^2+2z^2$ and $x^2+2y^2+3z^2$
Question 1. My computation in 2018 suggests that a sum of two integer squares is a sum of three nonzero integer squares if and only if it is not of the form
$$4^km\ \ (k=0,1,2,\ldots;\ \ m=1,2,5,10,13,...
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Does this quadratic system admit an integral or a rational solution?
Let $a,b$ be coprime and say $0<a<b<2a$.
Consider the quadratic system:
$$\alpha\delta-\beta\gamma=1$$
$$(\alpha^2-(\alpha\delta+\beta\gamma))a^2b+\beta^2b^3+(2\alpha\beta-\beta\delta)ab^2-\...
- 13.9k
-1
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1
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Solving quaternary quadratic forms modulo $q$ efficiently
Given a quaternary quadratic equation of form $$Q(a,b,c,d)=m$$ in $\Bbb Z[a,b,c,d]$ with coefficient sizes and $|m|$ bounded in magnitude by $B\in\Bbb N$ where $m\neq0$ if we are looking for solutions ...
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1
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$7n=x^2+2y^2+4z^2$ with or without $x^2\equiv y^2\equiv z^2\pmod 7$
It is well known that any positive odd integer can be written as $x^2+2y^2+4z^2$ with $x,y,z\in\mathbb Z$.
Question 1. Whether for any odd integer $n>93$ there are $x,y,z\in\mathbb Z$ such that $7n=...
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Uniqueness of the solution to a quadratic problem [closed]
Consider a positive definite matrix $\boldsymbol H$, the known vectors ${\boldsymbol b}$ and ${\boldsymbol a}_i$. Now the minimization problem is casted with respect to the vector ${\boldsymbol x} $ ...
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Doubt about lemma for polynomial equivalence [closed]
Multivariate polynomials $f,g$ are equivalent if there exists
invertible linear transformation $A$ such that $f(X)=g(A\cdot X)$
From paper p.1:
Lemma 1.1. (Structure of quadratic polynomials). Let $F$...
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How to express a quadratic polynomial exactly as a power series [closed]
I claim, for $\operatorname{artanh}(\rho) = \frac{1}{2} \ln\left(\frac{1+\rho}{1-\rho}\right)$, i.e., the inverse hyperbolic tangent function, the following holds approximately under assumptions given ...
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