Questions tagged [pseudo-differential-operators]
This tag is for questions regarding to the Pseudo-differential operator, acting on a space of functions on a differentiable manifold, that can locally be described by definite rules using a certain function. It satisfies estimates for the derivatives analogous to the estimates for derivatives of polynomials, which are symbols of differential operators.
166 questions
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Calculi of pseudodifferential operators and K-theory
I am reading the thesis of Chris Kottke (https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/60193/681923895-MIT.pdf) and I would need some help to try to understand intuitively why he makes the choice of ...
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Conormal distributions and the wave front set
Let $X$ be a smooth closed manifold and $Y$ a regular submanifold. For all conormal distributions at $Y$ on $X$, their wave front set is contained in the conormal bundle of $Y$. Is the reciprocal true?...
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On the $L^p$ estimate and Weyl's law of Eigenfunctions in Sogge's Book
I have recently started to study the book "Fourier integrals in classical analysis " by Sogge mainly oscillatory integral decay methods. I have a question from the chapters 4 and 5. Mainly ...
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Constructing a function $u$ such that $\int_{\mathbb{R}^2}|\eta-\xi||\hat{u}(\eta)|^2|\hat{u}(\xi)|^2\,d\xi\,d\eta<\infty$, but $u\notin H^{1/2}$
For $u\in \mathcal{S}'(\mathbb{R})$, define, if finite,
$$\Lambda(u)^4=\int_{\mathbb{R}^2}|\eta-\xi||\hat{u}(\eta)|^2|\hat{u}(\xi)|^2\,d\xi\,d\eta.$$
Using the triangle inequality $|\eta-\xi|\le |\eta|...
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Dual space of local Sobolev space on a manifold
$\newcommand{\comp}{\mathrm{comp}}$As part of my master's thesis, I am currently learning about Sobolev spaces on manifolds. From my research online, I found out, that there are a lot of ways to ...
- 8,098
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Fréchet-valued symbols
Denote by $S^m \left ( \mathbb{R}^k \times \mathbb{R}^n \right)$ the usual space of symbols. Now let $E$ be a Fréchet Space. We can then define $S^m \left ( \mathbb{R}^k \times \mathbb{R}^n; E \right)$...
- 21.5k
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About Fourier integral operators
Consider the operator
$$(A_\Delta\psi)(p) = \int_\Delta \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} e^{ix\cdot(p-k) + i\phi(x,p,k)} a(x,p,k) \psi(k) dk\: dx$$
where $\Delta$ is a Borel or Lebegue set in $\mathbb{R}^n$, in ...
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Dirichlet-to-Neumann map is analytic
Let $M^n$, $n \geq 2$, be a compact smooth manifold with boundary and let $I \ni t \mapsto g_t$ be an analytic (with respect to t) $1$-parameter family of Riemannian metrics on $M$. For each $t \in I$,...
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Research topics in microlocal analysis
Before asking this question here I did some research on web but I would like to get the opinion of those directly interested if there are any , (as I did in this thread Research topics in distribution ...
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$L^p$ boundedness for pseudo-differential operators
Let $\rho, \delta, m$ be real parameters such that $0\le \delta\le \rho\le 1, \delta<1$. The set $S^m_{\rho, \delta}(\mathbb R^{2n})$ is defined as the set of smooth functions $a$ on $\mathbb R^n\...
- 16.2k
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Symbol estimates using metric on the phase space
Consider the symbols introduced by Beals and Fefferman in which the symbol estimates are of the form:
\begin{equation}\tag{1}
\label{eq1}
|\partial_x^\beta\partial_\xi^\alpha a(x,\xi)| \leq C_{\...
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Leibniz rule for square root of Laplacian
Let $(M,g)$ be a compact Riemannian manifold (e.g. $M=S^3$ the 3-sphere) and let $\Delta$ be the metric Laplacian on $M$. Then $\Delta$ has an $L^2(M)$ basis of eigenfunctions $\pi_m$, $$ \Delta \pi_m ...
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Differential operators in $\Bbb R^n$
Put $P_j=\frac{\partial}{\partial \xi_j}$ et $Q_j=2 i \xi_j$ with$\xi=\left(\xi_1, \ldots, \xi_n\right)$ et $x=\left(x_1, \ldots, x_n\right)$. How to prove :
$\exp \left(\sum_{j=1}^n x_j P_j\right)(...
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Closed form of a Fourier transform
I apologize for not being able to motivate the question below; it would go into technicalities.
Let $n=d+1\ge2$ be the space-time dimension, and
$$H(y,t):=\left(\frac{t^2}{(t^2+|y|^2)^{1+d/2}}\right)^{...
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Pseudo-differential operators and differential operator
I am totally new to pseudo-differential operators and I’m wondering if a differential operator is a pseudo-differential operator.
So, I want to show , using the definition of the symbol given by ...
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Oscillatory integrals and regularity
Let $U\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}$ be open and $N\in\mathbb{N}$. Furthermore, let $a\in\mathcal{S}^{m}_{\rho,\sigma}(U\times\mathbb{R}^{N})$ be a symbol and $\Phi\in C^{\infty}(U\times (\mathbb{R}^{N}\...
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Functions of pseudodifferential operators
Suppose I have a self-adjoint pseudo-differential operator $A$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and a continuous function $f$ (possibly bounded, or Schwartz, or compactly supported) on its spectrum. Then I can ...
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Differential form of the multidimensional "orthogonal dilation" operator
For a one-dimensional $f(x)$, the dilation operator $f(ax)$ can be expressed as $\exp(g(D))f(x)$, where $g$ is a closed-form function. This is easily checked by e.g. formal Taylor series expansion.
...
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Real-analytic analogue of Schwartz functions
Consider the space $\mathcal{S}'$ of functions $\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb C$ that are (real-)analytic and with exponential decay at infinity. This is an analogue of Schwartz space, but real-analytic ...
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Given composition rules, determining whether a continuous map between smooth functions is a pseudodifferential operator
Let $M$ be a closed manifold, and let $P:C^{\infty}(M)\rightarrow C^{\infty}(M)$ be a continuous linear map in the smooth Fréchet topologies. In what is to come, if it helps, one can assume further ...
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Is it possible to define pseudodifferential operator $p(x,T)$ using Cauchy integral formula?
I was wondering how I can define a pseudodifferential operator using Cauchy integral formula.
Consider a differential operator $p(T)$ ($p$ is a polynomial for instance). $p(T)$ can be defined as:
$$\...
- 188k
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Bounded operator on $L^2(\Bbb R^2)$
Let $\lambda\in \{z\in\Bbb C\mid \text{Re}(z)>0\quad \text{and}\quad \text{Im}(z)>0 \}$. Consider the operator $T_\lambda: L^2(\Bbb C)\to L^2(\Bbb C)$:
$$
f\mapsto T_\lambda(f)(z)=\int_{\Bbb C}f(...
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Evaluate action of $f(\frac{d}{dx})$ using the Fourier/Laplace transform
Consider a function $f(x)$ that is numerically defined in $-1 \leq x \leq 1$ interval (assume $N$ samples). I am trying to compute the action of $f(d/dx)$ on a function $g(x)$ using the Fourier ...
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Kernel representation of a power of (pseudo-)differential operator
Let $\mathcal{T}$ be a (pseudo-)differential operator that admits the following kernel representation:
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{T}f(x) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} K(x,t)f(t)dt.
\end{equation}
What can ...
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Is there an easy explanation for the notion of Calderon projectors?
I recently stumbled upon the notion of Calderon projectors, which are standard tools for elliptic boundary value problems. However, when searching on the internet I could not really find any useful ...
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Is integration by parts allowed for the $J^s$ derivative, where $s \in \mathbb R$
I am having the following integral:
$$I = \int u\, J^s(\partial_x \overline{u})- \overline{u}\, J^s(\partial_x u))dxdy$$
where $J^S= (I-\Delta)^\frac{2}{2}$, $\mathbb{R} \ni s \geq 1$ and $u=u(x,y)$,
$...
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Motivation for and history of pseudo-differential operators
Suppose you start from partial differential equations and functional analysis (on $\mathbb R^n$ and on real manifolds). Which prominent example problems lead you to work with pseudo-differential ...
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Positivity of an operator on a compact subset of a manifold
Let $E$ and $F$ be two vector bundles over manifold $X$. Let $P:\Gamma(E)\to \Gamma(F)$ be a self-adjoint differential operator over $X$. Define inner product on the spaces $\Gamma(E)$ of smooth ...
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Metric / strong slope restriction of function on unit ball in $\mathbb R^m$
Diclaimer. I'm not sure this is the right venue for this question, but I'll give it a try
Definition [Strong / metric slope]. Given a complete metric space $(M,d)$ and a function $f:M \to (-\infty,+\...
CommunityBot
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Barry Simon's decay of eigenfunctions for pseudo differential operators
In his celebrated paper on Schrödinger semigroups, Barry Simon proves the following result.
Let $V_{-} \in K_\nu$, $V_{+} \in K_\nu^{\mathrm{loc}}$ and suppose that $Hu=Eu$ where $E$ is the ...
CommunityBot
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Reasons behind different conventions for symbol of operator
I've come across two slightly different conventions for the symbol of a differential operator $D$ (let's say on $\mathbb{R}^n$) and haven't thought much about the motivation behind them until now.
The ...
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Reference for commutator estimate
I'm interested in Sobolev space estimates for commutators involving a pseudodifferential operator and a Fourier multiplier. More specifically, suppose $p = p(x,\xi) \in S_{1,0}^{m_1}$ and let $q = q(\...
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Does convolution by a Schwartz function preserve symbol classes?
I am working on a problem involving pseudodifferential operators, and I need a property of the operator "convolution by a Schwartz function". I apologize in advance if the question is ...
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Does the 'reproducing kernel formula' for a bounded open set $U$ define an equivalent norm on the Sobolev space $H^1_0(U)$
We refer to the 'reproducing convolution formula with a kernel' for an open bounded domain $U$ of $R^n$, $n \geq 2$ discussed in the paper of G. Talenti (Annali de Matematica, Dec 1976) on Best ...
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Asking a reference for a fact about nonlocal operators
Let assume that $u$ is smooth enough and $ -\Delta (u \phi) \in L^1(\Omega)$ for any $\phi \in C_c^{\infty}(\Omega)$. Then it easily follows that $ -\Delta u \in L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\Omega)$ by ...
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Square roots of the Laplace operator
In several places in the literature (e.g. this paper of Caffarelli and Silvestre), I've seen an integral formula for fractional Laplacians. I'd like to understand it. In this question, I'll stick to ...
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Holder continuity relative to Rellic-Kondrachov compactness via the nonlinear Aronsson operator
Connected to the question,
Does Morrey's inequality contextually relate to Rellic-Kondrachov compactness?
An analysis of the well-known nonlinear Aronsson operator gives $C^{(1, \frac{1}{3})}$ ...
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Does Morrey's inequality contextually relate to Rellic-Kondrachov compactness?
I have been reflecting on this question, and want to share my thinking thus far. I'd be grateful for the community's inputs.
We refer to Morrey's inequality, Theorem 4 on pp 266 of Evan's book on PDE, ...
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Sobolev spaces and spectral theorem
Consider a generalised harmonic oscillator of the form
$$
A(x,D_x) = \langle x \rangle (1-\Delta_x)\langle x \rangle, \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^n,
$$
where $\langle x \rangle = (1+|x|^2)^{1/2}.$ The ...
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Does hypoellipticity imply the existence of a parametrix?
Let $M$ be a smooth manifold, like $\mathbb{R}^n$ for instance. The existence of a parametrix for an operator $P$ on $C^\infty(M)$ in any reasonable pseudodifferential calculus implies that $P$ is ...
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Extension of pseudodifferential operators to Sobolev spaces
Let $\Omega$ be a open subset of $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and define \begin{eqnarray*}
\mathcal{S}^m(\Omega ) &=&\left\{
\begin{array}{c}
a\in C^\infty(\Omega \times \mathbb{R}^{d}): \hbox{for all ...
- 16.2k
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$L^p$-estimates for elliptic pseudodifferential operators
Assume we have an pseudodifferential operator
$P:\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}^n) \rightarrow \mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}^n), Pf(x) = (2\pi)^{-n/2}\int\mathrm{d}\xi\; p(x,\xi)\,\hat{f}(\xi)e^{i\xi x}$
acting on ...
- 16.2k
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Is this a pseudodifferential operator?
Let $M$ be a non-compact manifold and $D$ a first-order self-adjoint elliptic differential operator on $M$. Then is the bounded operator
$$A:=\sqrt{(D^2+1)^{-1}}:L^2(M)\rightarrow H^1(M)$$
a ...
- 16.2k
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Proof of Taylor's Schwartz kernel estimate of pseudodifferential operators
I am interested in the proof of the following result which gives an estimate on the Schwartz Kernel of a $\Psi$DO. There is one aspect the proof that is not clear to me which I would like to ask the ...
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Regularity and existence linear parabolic fractional equation
\begin{equation}
\begin{cases}
a(x, t)u_t+(-\Delta)^{\sigma}u+b(x,t)u=f(x,t), & \text{in } \mathbb{R}^n \times [0, T) \\
u(x,0)=u_0(x), & \text{in } \mathbb{R}^n
\end{cases}
\end{...
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Semiclassical analysis and reflection law
I was curious about the following vague question. In pseudodifferential calculus and semi-classical analysis there are various theorems that relate geodesics of the underlying space to the behavior of ...
- 3,065
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Well-posedness for a wave equation with degenerate coefficients
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain with smooth boundary and consider the following initial boundary value problem:
\begin{equation}\label{pf0}
\begin{aligned}
\begin{cases}
t\partial_t(t\partial_t u)-\...
- 4,135
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Question about the regularity of fractional Heat equation
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded smooth domain of $\mathbb{R}^n$, $0<s<1$ and $(-\Delta)^s$ denotes the restricted fractional Laplacian. Let consider the following fractional Heat equation:
$$
\...
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Pseudodifferential Operators and Functional Calculus
I hope this is not too naive a question for MO. I've been taking a mathematical physics course, and was shown how operators like $\sqrt{1-\Delta}$ could be defined by taking multiplication operators ...
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History of microlocal analysis
Was the study of pseudo-differential operators the basis for the birth of microlocal analysis? I'm trying to find out how this branch of analysis was developed...
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