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Let $U, U'\in R^{d\times k} (d>k)$ be two independent uniformly distributed random orthonormal matrices. In specific, let $S$ be the set of all $d\times k$ orthonormal matrices. Here 'uniform' is ...

Suppose that we have a uniformly distributed $d\times d$ random orthonormal matrix $\mathbf{X}$. Here "uniform" is defined in the sense of Haar measure, i.e., the distribution does not change up to ...

Fix an integer $d$, let $\mathbb{U}_d$ be the $d\times d$ unitary group. For any $U\in \mathbb{U}_d$, define $\Omega(U)$ be the length of the smallest arc containing all the eigenvalues of $U$ on the ...