Questions tagged [nt.number-theory]

Prime numbers, diophantine equations, diophantine approximations, analytic or algebraic number theory, arithmetic geometry, Galois theory, transcendental number theory, continued fractions

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Reference request - logarithmic average

Consider a set $A\subseteq\mathbb{N}$. Consider an arithmetic function $a(n):\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{C}$. I am looking for notation which describes the following:\begin{equation}\frac{\sum_{n\in A}\frac{...
alidixon222's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
64 views

Limit involving the fractional part and the Fibonacci numbers

Helo, Let $F(n)$ be the $n$th Fibonacci number, if $\left\{ x\right\}$ denotes the fractional part of $x$, how proving $$\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{1}{2n}\sum_{k=1}^{2n}\left\{ \frac{F(2n)}{F(k)}\...
 Babar's user avatar
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1 answer
588 views

Geometric mean of prime factors of all numbers up to n

Through numerical calculations I have discovered that for any natural number $n \geq 2$, the geometric mean of the prime factors of all natural numbers $\leq n$ can be approximated well by $1.6653 \...
Marcos Cramer's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
166 views

Conditional convergence of Artin $L$-functions

Let $k$ be a number field and $V$ a non-trivial irreducible Artin representation over $k$. Consider the associated Artin $L$-function with corresponding Euler product decomposition $L(V,s)= \prod_v ...
Daniel Loughran's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
90 views

Refinement of a theorem of Koblitz-Ogus

In their appendix to Deligne's paper "Valeurs de fonctions L et périodes d'intégrales" (PSPM 33, 1979), Koblitz and Ogus prove that functions $N^{-1}\mathbf{Z}/\mathbf{Z}-\{0\}\to \mathbf{Q}$...
Bruno Kahn's user avatar
15 votes
2 answers
1k views

Is it decidable whether two real algebraic irrationals generate the same extension of the rationals?

For an algebraic number $\alpha$, let $f_\alpha$ denote its minimal polynomial. We can symbolically represent an algebraic number $\alpha$ by the tuple $$ (f_\alpha, x, y, r) \in \mathbb{Q}[x] \times ...
user918212's user avatar
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118 views

Bounding dimensions of Galois cohomology

Let $G$ be the absolute Galois group of the rationals, and $V$ a finite dimensional $p$-adic representation. Is there a way to provide a general bound on $H^i(G, V)$ in terms of $\dim_{\mathbb{Q}_p} V$...
kindasorta's user avatar
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Constructing squares using linear operations when a sizeable residue is given

Given $x\in\{0,1,\dots,2^k-1\}$ and given $x^2\bmod p$ where $p$ is a prime at in $[2^k,2^{k+1}]$ is it possible to construct $x^2$ using only at most $O(2^{k})$ linear in $x$ operations (that is ...
Turbo's user avatar
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Do all nonnegative integers appear in A051521?

For every positive integer $n$, $\tau(n)$ is the number of divisors of $n$. If we list the ratio of each positive integer $n$ to $\tau(n)$,they form a rational sequence 1,1,3/2,4/3,5/2,3/2,… Because $\...
Tong Lingling's user avatar
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Analyzing a Dirichlet series with log-oscillating terms via Fourier methods

I am investigating the series $S(z)$ defined as follows: $$ S(z) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} n^{-a}\cos(b\ln(n)), $$ where $z = a + bi \in \mathbb{C}$, with $0 < a < 1$, and $b \in \mathbb{R}$. I want ...
swami's user avatar
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The criterion for dimensional conjecture for universal Galois deformation rings

I’m writing to ask a question about Mazur’s dimensional conjecture in Lemma 7.5 of the paper [Galatius S, Venkatesh A. Derived Galois deformation rings. Advances in Mathematics. 2018 Mar 17;327:470-...
Nobody's user avatar
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24 votes
1 answer
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Global character of ABC/Szpiro inequalities

In [M24] it is asserted that "considering $abc$ triples of the form $(1,p^n,1+p^n)$ for a prime number $p$ and an arbitrarily large positive integer $n$, one can verify that ABC/Szpiro ...
Jon23's user avatar
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Why $k((x,t))$ can not be a local field?

If $k$ is a finite field, then $k((x))$ is a local field, and we can define a discrete valuation on $k((x))$ with respect to which it is complete. It is sometimes called a 1-dimensional local field. I ...
MAS's user avatar
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A puzzle with magic Egyptian tilings

Background I've recently been devising a puzzle that incorporates elements from Egyptian fractions, magic squares, and tilings. The objective of the puzzle is to tessellate a square with sides of ...
Max Muller's user avatar
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Permutation for the fast computing of the $k$-th partition of $n$ in reverse lexicographic order

Let $a(n)$ be A000041 (i.e., $a(n)$ is the number of partitions of $n$ (the partition numbers)). Let $b(n)$ be A000070. Here $$ b(n) = \sum\limits_{i=0}^{n}a(i) $$ Let $c(n)$ be $k-1$ where $k$ is the ...
Notamathematician's user avatar
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0 answers
192 views

On $(k,\ell)$-sumfree sets

Call a set $\mathcal S \subset \mathbb N$ to be $(k,\ell)$-sumfree if there are no non-trivial solutions to the equation $$x_1+\dots +x_k = y_1+\dots +y_\ell$$ in the set (for distinct $x_i$'s and $...
Sayan Dutta's user avatar
-1 votes
0 answers
51 views

Continuous version of ergodic with integral

Let $f\in L^1(\mathbb{T}^n)$ such that $f \geq 0$ and $f$ might have a singularity, but along some curve or line $\xi(t): \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{T}^n$ the value $f(\xi(t))$ is defined and continuous, ...
Sean's user avatar
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11 votes
4 answers
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Six consecutive positive integers with certain shape

Are there 6 consecutive positive integers, where each of them is a square or the product of a prime and a square ? If they exist, one of those six integers A will be the product of 2 and a square of ...
Tong Lingling's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
72 views

In the modular exponentiation, as used with the adaptive root problem, how to chose the best base that will yield as few results as possible?

Let $n,m,w\in\Bbb N$ and $\lambda\in\Bbb P$ such that $w^\lambda \mod m = n$, with the requirements: $\lambda$ being a random large prime such as $w^\lambda > 2\times m$ $1 < n < m−1$. m is ...
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Does algebraic independence of logarithms conjecture imply L-W?

Assume that algebraic independence of logarithms conjecture is true: Let $a_1,\cdots,a_n$ be algebraic numbers such that $\log(a_1),\cdots,\log(a_n)$ are $\mathbb Q$-linearly independant. Then, $\log(...
joaopa's user avatar
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3 votes
1 answer
277 views

Unique factorization of ideals in a quadratic field

"Suppose $k = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{d})$ is a real quadratic field ($d > 1$ a square-free integer) with fundamental unit $\varepsilon$, normalized as usual so that $\varepsilon > 1$ with respect ...
MATH Enthusiast's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
310 views

Some specific case of the abc-conjecture related to the Mason-Stothers proof of Serge Lang for polynomials?

I stumbled upon a version of the Mason-Stothers theorem, which can be modified to make a similar statement for natural numbers, which I think I can prove here. It is not the abc-conjecture, but it has ...
mathoverflowUser's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
180 views

Direct algorithm for an integer program

Let $p$ be a prime and let $h_1,h_2\in\{1,2,\dots,p-1\}$ be integers. Is there any direct algorithm to solve for following in polynomial in $\log p$ time? $$\min (x_1-x_2)^2$$ $$x_1,x_2,k\in\mathbb Z$$...
Turbo's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
156 views

Characters on ray class groups

Let $K$ be an algebraic number field, $\mathcal{O}_K$ its ring of integers, $\mathfrak{m}$ an integral ideal of $\mathcal{O}_K$. Let $J$ be the set of all fractional ideals, $P$ the set of principal ...
Joshua Stucky's user avatar
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0 answers
101 views

Unimodality of the Stirling numbers

For fix $n$, the (unsigned) Stirling number of the first kind $c(n,k)$ and the Stirling number of the second kind $S(n,k)$ are both unimodal. Erdős Paul proved the sequence $c(n,k)$ has a unique mode ...
Connor. Y. X. Liu's user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
225 views

Converse of "generalized Hilbert 90" / Galois descent

The following generalization of Hilbert 90 can be found in Serre's Corps Locaux (Chap. X, §1, ex.2, p.160 of the French edition), see also this question: Theorem: If $L|K$ is a finite Galois extension ...
Béranger Seguin's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
144 views

Triangular repdigits

I would like to know whether $55$, $66$ and $666$ are the only triangular numbers that are repdigits, i.e., numbers at least $10$ whose digits w.r.t. base 10 all agree. In more sophisticated terms, I ...
Jens Reinhold's user avatar
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0 answers
123 views

On hashing prime numbers into prime number of buckets

Let $b$ be any prime. Consider a set of $b-1$ buckets. Consider all prime numbers (except $b$) up to some $N$. Let us do the simple hash wherein each prime $x$ less than $N$ is assigned to the $x \...
Nandakumar R's user avatar
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5 votes
1 answer
414 views

Nice diophantine equations with large smallest solutions

Given a polynomial $P$ with integer coefficients in finitely many variables, we denote by $v(P)$ the product of the absolute values of the non-zero coefficients and the non-zero total degrees of the ...
20 votes
1 answer
1k views

Irreducibility of the polynomial $x^n+5x+3$ over $\mathbb{Q}$

This question is first asked by me on MSE, but I haven't recieve a nice answer yet. I would like to determine whether the polynomial $p(x)=x^n+5x+3$ is irreducible over $\mathbb{Q}$ when $n\ge 2$. ...
Clario's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
56 views

If we allow DH operations in addition to exponentiation and multiplication can we get a lower bound for discrete logarithm?

In https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/72969/proof-dlog-is-hard-in-generic-group-model/ it is shown if we allow only exponentiation and multiplication we can get an exponential complexity lower ...
Turbo's user avatar
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-1 votes
0 answers
42 views

Find transseries from difference equation [closed]

I want to find a method to solve equations of the form $f(x+1)=f(x)+g(x)$ for a given function $g$ and $f(x)=0$. The paper here has solutions for $f(x+1)=\lambda(x)f(x)+g(x)$, which is more general ...
opfromthestart's user avatar
25 votes
1 answer
722 views

Proofs of the valence formula that avoid tricky contours?

$\DeclareMathOperator\ord{ord}\DeclareMathOperator\Im{Im}$The valence formula for a modular form asserts that if $f: \mathbf{H} \to \mathbf{C}$ is a modular form of weight $k$ on the upper half-plane $...
Terry Tao's user avatar
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12 votes
2 answers
987 views

Prime differences and zero multiplicity

Concerning gaps between consecutive primes, Paul Erdős conjectured that: $$\sum_{p_n < x} (p_n -p_{n-1})^2 = O(x \log x)$$ Let's call this hypothesis EH. Assuming the Riemann hypothesis (RH), ...
Felixson's user avatar
  • 232
2 votes
0 answers
83 views

Estimating the cardinality of the set of conjugacy classes of subgroups in a finite group of given order

1. Let $G$ be a finite group of order $n$. I need an estimate for the number $c$ of conjugacy classes of subgroups $D\subseteq G$. Note that any subgroup of $G$ contains $1_G$, and so the set of all ...
Mikhail Borovoi's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
452 views

Subgroup of p-adic units

Let $\left(\widehat{\mathbb Z}\right)^\times=\prod_p{\mathbb Z}_p^\times$ be the unit group of the ring $\widehat{\mathbb{Z}}$, which is the profinite completion of $\mathbb Z$. We give it the product ...
Nandor's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
112 views

A sequence linked to irrationality

Let $0 < c < 1$ be a real number and $ x \in \mathbb{R}$. We define the sequence $(u_n)_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$ by : $$u_0 = x$$ $$ \mathrm{If}, u_n \le c, \mathrm{then}, u_{n + 1} = u_n + (1 - c) $$...
Azoth's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
100 views

Gaussian primes in translations of lattices in $\mathbb{Z}[i]$

I am considering undertaking some independent research in my summer break studying Gaussian primes in translations of lattices in $\mathbb{Z}[i]$, i.e. sets of the form $ \{ a+sx+tw:s,t \in \mathbb{Z} ...
Daniel Lang's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
158 views

Bourgain-Gamburd-like theorems in the non-algebraic case

For $\mu$ a Borel probability measure on the compact group $G=\operatorname{SU}(d)$, Bourgain-Gamburd prove that the spectral radius of the associated operator on $L^2(G)$ is strictly less than one, ...
John Rached's user avatar
7 votes
1 answer
526 views

Original proof of Hilbert irreducibility theorem

Does there exist a modern exposition of Hilbert's original (1892) proof of the Hilbert irreducibility theorem? Of course, I can (and will) read Hilbert's original article, but I would feel more ...
Yuri Bilu's user avatar
  • 1,130
1 vote
1 answer
212 views

Existence of odd mod $p$ Galois representations whose image is $p'$-group

Let $K$ be a number field and let $G_K$ be the absolute Galois group of $K$. Let $p$ be an odd prime and $\mathbb{F}_p$ be a finite field of order $p$. Can we always find a continuous representation $\...
Nobody's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
105 views

Multiplicities of Galois representations in the semisimplification of the reduction of a Tate module

Let $C$ be a smooth proper curve, of genus $g$ over a number field $K$. Let $v$ be a prime of good reduction for $C$ above $p>2$, and let $T_pJ$ denote the $p$-adic Tate module of $J$, the Jacobian ...
kindasorta's user avatar
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0 votes
0 answers
131 views

A question and reference about Bombieri's article continued fraction of algebraic numbers

Above the Comments in the article continued fraction of algebraic numbers, there are some words on the unboundedness/cycle of coefficients of continued fraction of algebraic numbers "Thus, ...
XL _At_Here_There's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
64 views

When is the number-theoretic transform of small vectors again small?

I am currently working on an idea in the context of lattice-based cryptography, but the problem that I am currently stuck on seems to have almost nothing to do with lattices anymore. In particular, my ...
Simon Pohmann's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
387 views

Analytic number theory and condensed mathematics

As of 2024, are there current or planned applications of condensed mathematics to analytic number theory? If so, what are suggested readings?
Jon23's user avatar
  • 367
-1 votes
0 answers
67 views

On the full list of near-repdigit perfect powers

I'm interested in the full list of perfect powers ($a^b$ where $a, b \in \mathbb{Z}$, $a \ge 1$, $b \ge 2$) that are near-repdigit in base 10. A near-repdigit is a $k$-digit number where $k \ge 2$ and ...
Bubbler's user avatar
  • 99
2 votes
0 answers
56 views

How to check that a number probably/likely has a divisor having a specific bit length/in range?

Given a randomly generated $\alpha\in\Bbb N$ where $\alpha$ is large thus hard to factor (no small prime composites). How to check that a divisor $F\in\Bbb N$ with a specific bitlengh $n\in\Bbb N∧n<...
user2284570's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
81 views

Is the extension field by zeros of $x^{2m}-p^{2(m-1)}=0$ over $\mathbb Q_p$ totally ramified?

Let $m \geq 2$ be an integer. Consider the polynomial $f(x)=x^{2m}-p^{2(m-1)} \in \mathbb{Q}_p[x]$. I want to study the field extension by the zeros of $f(x)$ over $\mathbb{Q}_p$. What is the degree ...
MAS's user avatar
  • 872
9 votes
0 answers
154 views

Who was the first to prove that the automorphism group of a finite field is cyclic and is generated by the Frobenius automorphism?

$\DeclareMathOperator\Aut{Aut}$It is well-known that the automorphism group $\Aut(F)$ of a finite field $F$ of characteristic $p$ is cyclic of order $n$ where $|F|=p^n$. Moreover, the cyclic group $\...
Taras Banakh's user avatar
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2 votes
2 answers
714 views

Sum of three square is a square and sum of their product taken two at a time is also a square

Let $a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = X^2$ and $$(ab)^2 + (ac)^2 + (bc)^2 = Y^2$$ Such that $a,b,c,x,y$ are all non zero Integers. How to find All solutions ? Is there any parametrization which gives Infinitely ...
Guruprasad's user avatar

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