All Questions
Tagged with measure-theory integration
133 questions
9
votes
1
answer
557
views
Deep applications of the Pettis integral?
In the Notes section of chapter 2 of Diestel and Uhl's Vector Measures they make the comment:
"Presently the Pettis integral has very few applications. But our prediction is that when (and if) ...
- 193
0
votes
1
answer
55
views
Looking for a family of random variables such that only the second clause is fulfilled [closed]
Working with the epsilon-delta-criterium, a family $(X_i)_{i \in I}$ on $(\Omega,A,P)$ is uniformly integrable if
i) $sup_{i \in I} E(X_i) <\infty$
ii) $\forall \epsilon>0$ ex. $\delta>0$ s.t....
- 11
4
votes
1
answer
548
views
Two definitions of $L^p$ spaces that are not always equivalent
There are two definitions of $L^p(S, \Sigma,\mu)$ in the literature. (Here $S$ is a set, $\Sigma$ is a $\sigma$-algebra of subsets of $S$ and $\mu$ is a positive measure.) The two definitions are ...
- 41
2
votes
1
answer
70
views
$ \int_{E}^{*}{\psi (t) d\mu(t)}=\int_{E}{\phi (t) d\mu(t)} $
Let $(T, \mathcal{A}, \mu)$ be an arbitrary measure space.
The outer integral over $(T, \mathcal{A}, \mu)$ of a (possibly nonmeasurable) function $\psi: T\to (-\infty, +\infty]$ is defined by:
$$
\...
- 199
5
votes
1
answer
426
views
When is the Radon-Nikodym derivative locally essentially bounded
Let $\mu\lll\nu$ be $\sigma$-finite Borel measures, which are not finite, on a topological space $X$. Under what conditions is $0<\operatorname{ess-supp}(\frac{d\mu}{d\nu}I_K)<\infty$ for every ...
- 5,405
0
votes
1
answer
153
views
$ \{X_n\mathbb{1}_{X_n\in[-n,n]}\}$ is uniformly integrable
Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{A},\mathbb{P})$ be a probability space.
Suppose $\{X_n\}$ is a sequence of random variables satisfying :
$$
\sup_{n}{\mathbb{E}(|X_n|)} <\infty
$$
Suppose that
$$
\dfrac{M_j}{...
- 57
2
votes
1
answer
150
views
Duality form of $L^q$ norm, without assumption that $\int fg$ defined?
The following theorem is found, for example, in the Real Analysis books by Folland, by Yeh, and (in a slightly different form) by Royden.
Theorem. Let $(X,\mathcal{A},\mu)$ be a measure space.
Let ...
- 201
1
vote
1
answer
101
views
Integral average near a point of dispersion
Let $\Omega\subset\subset\mathbb R^{n}$ be a bounded domain and let $E\subset \Omega$ be a Lebesgue measurable set. Let $f\in L^{1}(\Omega)$ and let $x\in \Omega$ be a point of dispersion of $E$, that ...
- 21
1
vote
0
answers
54
views
Standard definition: vector-valued essential support
Let $f \in L^p(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^m)$. If $m=1$ then the essential support of $f$ is a mainstream definition; see here for example. However, when $m>1$ is the following definition used?
$$
\...
- 5,405
2
votes
0
answers
200
views
The collection of mean value abscissas in the Mean value theorem
The integral mean value theorem for continuous f on [0,b] and finite positive continuous measure $\mu$ we have
$$\frac{1}{\mu[a,b]}\int_{a}^{b}f(x)d\mu(x)=f(c)(*)$$
for at least one $c\in [a,b]$. We ...
- 5,474
14
votes
1
answer
655
views
Almost all non-negative real numbers have only finitely many multiples lying in a measurable set with finite measure
Let $A$ be Lebesgue measurable subset of $[0,\infty)$ such that Lebesgue measure of $A$ is positive i.e. $0<\lambda(A)<\infty$. Let $S$ be the set defined as follows:
$$S:=\{t\in [0,\infty):nt\...
- 632
52
votes
4
answers
6k
views
A historical mystery : Poincaré’s silence on Lebesgue integral and measure theory?
Lebesgue published his celebrated integral in 1901-1902. Poincaré passed away in 1912, at full mathematical power.
Of course, Lebesgue and Poincaré knew each other, they even met on several occasions ...
- 1,026
3
votes
0
answers
238
views
Dominated convergence Theorem
I am struggling to understand the proof in the paper, Learning Temporal Evolution of Spatial Dependence with
Generalized Spatiotemporal Gaussian Process Models.
Theorem 2.1 in the page 33 uses ...
- 31
1
vote
0
answers
106
views
Change variable in integration with symmetry
Not sure if I can ask such fundamental problem here.
Let
$G$ be a finite group, $\sigma \in G$. Consider linear group actions fo $G$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
$\sigma(K)=\{x\in \mathbb{R}^n: \sigma^{-1}(...
- 345
2
votes
1
answer
498
views
Uniform sampling on a Riemannian manifold via tangent space and exponential map
Given a Riemannian manifold $(\mathcal{M}, \{g_x\}_{x \in \mathcal{M}})$ and a fixed point $x \in \mathcal{M}$, does the following procedure yield uniform samples from $\{y \in \mathcal{M} : d_\...
- 281
7
votes
1
answer
681
views
Change of variables for $p$-adic integral
Say $p$ is an odd prime. Suppose I have a measure $\mu$ on $\mathbf{Z}_p$. As in II.4.3 in Colmez - Fonctions d'une variable $p$-adique, I can restrict $\mu$ to $1+p\mathbf Z_p$, and there is a ...
- 503
5
votes
0
answers
202
views
Invariant measure on coset space and integrable functions
Let $G$ be a locally compact abelian group, and $H$ a closed subgroup. Let $C_c(G)$ be the space of continuous, compactly supported complex valued functions on $G$. General theory of Haar measure ...
- 6,180
3
votes
2
answers
235
views
A reduction problem from $\mathbb{R}^2$ to $\mathbb{R}$
Let $f,g \in L^1_\text{loc}(\mathbb{R})$, with $g \geq 0$, and such that for almost every $(x,y) \in \mathbb{R}^2$, at least one of the following equations is true :
\begin{align*}
f(x) + f(y) + g(...
user140442
2
votes
0
answers
1k
views
Definition of the surface measure in some books
I am studying PDEs and in some books (Folland, Introduction to Partial Differential Equations and Evans, Partial Differential Equations), I found an integral integrated by the surface measure on a $C^...
- 141
19
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Fubini without CH
In Real and Complex Analysis, Rudin gives an example (due to Sierpinski) of a function $f:[0,1]^2\to[0,1]$ separately Lebesgue-measurable in each argument, such that
$$
\int_0^1 dx\int_0^1f(x,y)\,dy
\...
- 6,541
1
vote
0
answers
145
views
How to show that this function is continuous (Geometric Measure Theory)
I want to prove that the function $F: \mathbb{R}_+ \to \mathbb{R}$ defined by
$$F(t)=\int_{\{d=t\}} g \, d\mathcal{H}^{n-1}$$
is continuous if $g:\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}$ is ...
- 19
2
votes
0
answers
263
views
Is a maximal set of rectangles known for which Lebesgue’s Differentiation Theorem holds true?
Lebesgue's differentiation theorem states that if $x$ is a point in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $f:\mathbb{R}^n\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is a Lebesgue integrable function, then the limit of $\frac{\int_B f d\...
- 4,597
8
votes
4
answers
1k
views
For what sets does the Lebesgue Differentiation Theorem hold in one dimension?
Lebesgue's differentiation theorem states that if $x$ is a point in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $f:\mathbb{R}^n\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is a Lebesgue integrable function, then the limit of $\frac{\int_B f d\...
- 4,597
4
votes
0
answers
136
views
Integration on a family of differential forms
Let $X$ be a smooth manifold, and denote by $\Omega^*(X)$ the set of all smooth differential forms on $X$. Assume we have a family of differential forms $\omega_t \in \Omega^*(X)$, $t\in E$, ...
- 2,789
2
votes
1
answer
425
views
Echange of Infimum Integral with Pointwise Infimum
Setup
Suppose that $U$ is a subset of $L^{\infty}_{\mu}(\mathscr{F})\cap L^1_{\mu}(\mathscr{F})$ defined by
$$
f\in U \Leftrightarrow g(f(x))\leq M \mbox{ and } f \in L^{\infty}_{\mu}(\mathscr{F})\...
- 5,405
3
votes
1
answer
2k
views
How "compact" are sets of finite measure?
Let $K$ be a compact set of $\mathbb R^n$, then every open cover of $K$ will have a finite subcover.
Now consider the following situation:
Everything I say in the following is with respect to the ...
user121558
0
votes
1
answer
139
views
Change of variables for double integral [closed]
Thank you for your time.
My basic question is whether the following change of variables allowed
$$\int_0^a \int_0^b f(a-b)g(b-c)h(c)\,dc\,db = \int_0^a \int_0^b f(c)g(b-c)h(a-b)\,dc\,db$$
I fail to ...
- 11
2
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Explicitly representing a random variable in terms of indicator functions
Motivation:
I want to compute $$E[g(X)] := \int_{\Omega} g(X(\omega)) d\mathbb{P}(\omega) \tag{*}$$ without needing change of variable formula.
I want to prove the change of variable formula (you ...
- 247
1
vote
1
answer
178
views
Bochner integrability within a subspace
Let $(H,||\cdot||_H)$ be a Banach space and $K$ a (not necessarily closed) subspace. Suppose that $K$ is a Banach space under another norm $||\cdot||_K$, which satisfies
$$||x||_H\leq ||x||_K$$
for ...
- 1,903
2
votes
1
answer
242
views
Conditions for a monotonic integral average
I am looking for conditions that ensure that an integral average of a function from $\mathbb R^n$ to $\mathbb R$ is a monotonic function of the averaging set.
To be more specific, let me start with ...
- 91
1
vote
0
answers
340
views
Integrating a function with respect to a mixture measure
This builds off on an old question about mixture measures: Generalized notions of mixture
Suppose $\mathcal{M}$ is a family of probability measures, and $Q$ is a probability measure over $\mathcal{M}$...
- 710
1
vote
1
answer
287
views
Interpolation between $L^1$ and $L^2$ spaces
I was wondering whether the following interpolation between $L^1$ and $L^2$ spaces is true:
Let $f \in \mathbb{R}^n$ be such that
$$ \alpha_1:= \int_{\mathbb{R}} \left\lVert f(x_1,\cdot,....\cdot) \...
- 175
9
votes
2
answers
1k
views
On the definition of "almost-everywhere" for non-complete measure spaces
If $(X,\mathcal{B},\mu)$ is a (non-necessarily complete) measure space, we can give two different notions of a property $P(x)$ that is true almost-everywhere :
(D1) There is a measurable set $A$ ...
- 549
2
votes
0
answers
478
views
Does equality almost everywhere on a product imply equality almost everywhere on sections [closed]
(This question was on MSE, with no answers)
Consider two $\sigma$-finite measure spaces $X_1$ and $X_2$, and $X=X_1\times X_2$ the product measure space (a priori non-completed).
Take two functions ...
- 549
3
votes
1
answer
938
views
Stokes theorem for manifolds with boundary as disjoint union of submanifolds
Looking at the generalizations of Stokes theorem, I did find a version for manifold with corners, but I was surprised this generalization doesn't contain a simple example such as the cone. So my ...
- 549
10
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Can the integration of integrable sections of a measurable function of two variables ever result in a non-measurable function?
I spent some time searching MathOverflow for a problem that would resemble the one given below, but it turned out to be a rather futile endeavor. I was led to this problem in my attempts to construct ...
- 1,396
0
votes
1
answer
376
views
How to prove the equality on the Fourier transformation of measure? [closed]
I cannot prove the following equality on the Fourier transformation of measure:
let $\mu$ be a finite Borel measure on $R^d,$ then
$$\lim\limits_{T\to \infty}\frac{1}{(2T)^d}\int_{[-T,T]^d}|\widehat{\...
- 11
0
votes
1
answer
179
views
Theory of integration of Kernel in çinlar probability and stochastic
I'm reading the probabilistic book write by çinlar, but I don't understand the Kernel theory, in details:
$ (E,\mathcal{E}),(F,\mathcal{F})$ are two measurable space
$$K:E \times \mathcal{F} \...
user96954
4
votes
1
answer
968
views
Usable Change-of-Variables Formula for Hausdorff Measure
Let $H^{s}$ be the $s$-dimensional Hausdorff measure, let $D$ be a nonsingular matrix. Consider the change of measure formula:
$$
\int\limits_{A} f(Dx) \; \mathrm{d}H^{s}(x) = \int\limits_{ D A} f(y)...
0
votes
0
answers
116
views
Generalizing Integration by parts for general bounded continous measure
Consider a probability measure $d\mu = w(t) dt$ with $w(t)\in L^1(I)$, $I =\left[ 0,1\right]$. What are the minimal assumption I can take on two functions $f,g:I\ \to \mathbb{R}$ so that an ...
- 3,574
5
votes
1
answer
914
views
Extension of a function from almost everywhere to everywhere
The informal general question is: let $f$ be a "sufficiently nice" function, defined "almost everywhere". Can we develop a method to uniquely extend $f$ to the "remaining" points?
Example: Let $f(x)=\...
- 7,182
1
vote
1
answer
227
views
Formula for an integration on $\mathbb{Q} \cap [0,1]$
In order to work with functions defined on $\mathbb{Q} \cap [0,1]$ I would like to define an adapted "integration" formula on this set. I though that following definition could be interesting:
$$ \...
- 1,199
1
vote
0
answers
26
views
Bivariate integration with the range of one variable shrinking to a point
Let $f(x,y)$ be a measurable function defined on $(\mathbb{R}^2, \mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R}^2))$. Define $C_{\epsilon} = \{y:d(y, y_0)\leq \epsilon\}$, then can we say for sure that the integration
$$
\...
- 53
3
votes
1
answer
199
views
A linear functional on $C(K)^*$ continuous on each $L_1(\mu)$
I asked this at math.stackexchange, but nobody answered.
Let $K$ be a (Hausdorff) compact topological space, ${\mathcal C}(K)$ the usual Banach space of continuous functions $x:K\to{\mathbb C}$, ${\...
- 7,426
7
votes
1
answer
621
views
Does every (generalized?) Markov chain admit transition probabilities?
To pose the question let us start by recalling the following notions:
Transition Probabilities. A transition probability matrix between two measurable spaces $(S,\mathcal{S})$ and $(V,\mathcal{V})$ ...
- 486
0
votes
1
answer
193
views
$\int_{R^2}\varphi(x)d\mu(x)=0$ $\Leftrightarrow$ $\sum_{n\in \mathbb Z^2} d\mu(x-2\pi n)=0$
Let $\mu$ be a finite measure supported by $\Gamma $ (a smoth finite curve) and absolutely continuous with respect to the length measure on $\Gamma$ such that $\Gamma \cap (\Gamma+x)$ is a finite ...
1
vote
1
answer
206
views
A boundary of the second fundamental theorem of calculus
Let's say that a set $X\subseteq [0,1]$ has Property Q if the following holds: For every continuous $f:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}$ with $f(0)=0$ and derivative existing and bounded by 1 on $[0,1]\setminus X$, ...
- 37.7k
0
votes
1
answer
887
views
Change of variable for integration with respect to Haar measure
I know how to estimate the integral* (see the update)
\begin{gather}
\int f(Ub)d\mu(U), \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ [2]
\end{gather}
where $f:S^{n-1}(\...
- 163
0
votes
0
answers
81
views
Why is $\mathcal{E}(X)=\mathcal{E}(X,X^*)$?
According to a course about $\sigma$-agebras in infinite dimensional space they said that it is easy to see that :
$$\mathcal{E}(X)=\mathcal{E}(X,X^*)$$
where:
$X$ is separable real Banach space.
$\...
- 121
3
votes
1
answer
197
views
Post composition of integral
Setup:
If $\langle \Omega, \mathfrak{F},\mu \rangle$ is a measure space, $f:\Omega \rightarrow E$ is a weakly-measurable function to a Banach space $E$, $g: E \rightarrow E'$ is a diffeomorphism and ...
- 5,405