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4 answers
934 views

Is there a compact connected Hausdorff space in which every non-empty $G_\delta$ set has non-empty interior?

Q1. Is there a compact connected Hausdorff space (with at least two points) in which every non-empty $G_\delta$ set has non-empty interior? (Without the requirement for connectedness, every finite $...
Mirko's user avatar
  • 1,375
3 votes
1 answer
681 views

measure zero in R but not in R^2

I want to find some subset of R^2 which its intersection with every vertical line is measure zero if we see it as a subset of R and it is not measure zero in R^2?
alich's user avatar
  • 33
3 votes
2 answers
2k views

Is there an example where the error of Gauss-Laguerre quadrature does not vanish?

The $n$th Gauss-Laguerre quadrature aims to approximate integral $$\int_{\mathbb{R}_+} f(x) \exp(-x)$$ by the sum $$\sum_{i=1}^n f(x_i) w_i$$ where $x_1,...,x_n$ are the roots of the $n$th Laguerre ...
gondolier's user avatar
  • 1,839
3 votes
1 answer
459 views

Are Carnot groups (as Carnot Caratheodory metric spaces) doubling?

I need to use the Lebesgue differentiation theorem for doubling metric measure spaces and was wondering if Carnot groups are doubling. If yes, is there any reference you can point me to? Thank you.
Axiom's user avatar
  • 520
3 votes
0 answers
646 views

On properties on a certain functional

Consider the following function: $$F(z) = \omega(z)\sin^2\left(\frac{c\Gamma(z)}{z}\right)$$ Here, $\omega(z)$ is a weight we have to construct and $c$ is a constant. The following three conditions ...
bambi's user avatar
  • 375
3 votes
2 answers
210 views

Bounding integral expression with total variation of integrand

Consider the following integral expression: $$\mathcal I :=\iint_{\epsilon \leq|x-y| \leq 1/2} f(x) f(y) \frac{(g(x)-g(y))(x-y)}{|x-y|^{3}} d x d y $$ for $\epsilon>0$, $f \in L^\infty(\mathbb R)$,...
user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
308 views

$f: [0,1]\rightarrow L^1(\Omega)$ as a (measurable?) function from $[0,1]\times \Omega\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$

Given a map from $\big([0,1], \mathcal{B}[0,1], m\big)$ to a Banach space $(X, \|\cdot \|)$. There are strong measurable functions (they are the point wise a.e. limit of simple functions) and weak ...
Xiao's user avatar
  • 485
2 votes
0 answers
228 views

Integrating an n-fold Cauchy product of a Fourier series

I posted this on Math Stack Exchange one month ago, but did not receive any responses. The original question (in a simplified form) can be found here. Let $f: \mathbb{R}^d \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be ...
user363087's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
404 views

Sturm Liouville problems for non-classical orthogonal polynomials

It is known that for the classical orthogonal-polynomials there exist a set of Sturm Liouville problems. E.g. , the Hermite polynomial of order $n$ is a solution of $$y''(x) -xy'(x)+ny(x)=0 \, .$$ My ...
Amir Sagiv's user avatar
  • 3,574
2 votes
1 answer
203 views

Does this maximisation problem admit a finite upper bound?

Let $\mathcal M_2$ be the space of real $2\times 2$ matrices and $\mathcal S_2\subset \mathcal M_2$ be its subset consisting of positive semidefinite elements, i.e. $A\in \mathcal S_2$ iff $A$ is ...
Fawen90's user avatar
  • 1,389
2 votes
2 answers
243 views

Given a specific function $f$, how to compute the left-inverse of $f$ in the sense of $\approx$?

For a non-negative function $\varphi$ defined on $[0,\infty)$, the left-inverse $\varphi^{-1}$ of $\varphi$ is defined by setting, $\forall t\geq 0$, $$\varphi^{-1}(t):=\inf\{u\geq0:\varphi(u)\geq t\}....
Wa haha's user avatar
  • 51
2 votes
1 answer
381 views

Continuous real function on germs

Let $C_0^{m,n}$ be the space of germs of continuous maps from $\mathbb{R}^m$ to $\mathbb{R}^n$, located at $0\in\mathbb{R}^m$, with the usual inductive limit topology. One can also consider $C_0^{m,n}$...
Igor Khavkine's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
996 views

Derivative and Jacobian determinant of solution of ODE [closed]

Let $\Phi$ be the unique solution of $$\begin{cases} \frac{d}{dt}\Phi(x,t) = f(\Phi(x,t),t) \quad t >0 \\ \Phi(x,0) = x \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N \end{cases}$$ where we have assumed $f$ smooth. ...
user avatar
2 votes
2 answers
197 views

$L^p$ domination of mixed partial derivatives by the unmixed ones?

Is it true that for each real $p\ge1$ there is some real $C_p$ such that for all smooth real-valued functions $u$ compactly supported on $S:=(0,1)^2$ one has $$\|D_1D_2u\|_p\le C_p(\|D_1^2u\|_p+\|D_2^...
Iosif Pinelis's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
117 views

Bounding integral expression with BV norm of integrand

Consider the following integral expression: $$\mathcal I :=\iint_{\epsilon \leq|x-y| \leq 1/2} f(x) f(y) \frac{\langle g(x)-g(y), x-y\rangle}{|x-y|^{n+2}} d x d y $$ for $\epsilon>0$, $f \in L^\...
user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
105 views

Optimization over a convex cone generated by a set is equal to optimization over the set

Within my research I found an important doubt and that prevents me from advancing, the context of my doubt is as follows: We considerer the following optimization problem $$ \left\{\begin{array}{cl} \...
matematicaActiva's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
946 views

On a deceptively tricky calculus problem

Motivation for this question: If the operators $B_i'$ satisfy an inequality, prove that $B_1'+\dots B_n'$ also satisfies the same inequality Let $A$ be a non-constant operator acting on $C^...
matilda's user avatar
  • 90
2 votes
0 answers
159 views

Are there hereditarily square-boxed plane continua?

A plane continuum is a bounded, closed and connected subset of the plane. A bounding box $B$ for a plane continuum $C$ is a rectangle $B=[a,b]\times[c,d]$ (including sides and interior) such that $C$ ...
Mirko's user avatar
  • 1,375
2 votes
2 answers
336 views

Metrization of a topological vector space

Let $C(\mathbb R^d)$ be the space of continuous functions on $\mathbb R^d$, and $C_{lip}(\mathbb R^d)\subset C(\mathbb R^d)$ be the subspace of Lipschitz functions. We endow $C_{lip}(\mathbb R^d)$ ...
user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
250 views

Dense property of intersection of Sobolev space

I'm using Muscalu and Schlag's textbook (online notes) to study Littlewood-Paley theory in harmonic analysis, where I encounter the following claim: Pick an arbitrary real number $s$, we have that the ...
geooranalysis's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
216 views

Is $f$ defined by $f(x) = t\mapsto G(t , x(t))$ differentiable?

Let us consider $X = AC([0 , 1] , \mathbb{R}^n)$, and $Y=L^{1} ([0,1] , \mathbb{R}^n )$ as Banach spaces with their usual norms. Let $G: \mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^n$ be a ...
Red shoes's user avatar
  • 369
2 votes
2 answers
485 views

Dual space of the completion of the space of Lipschitz functions

This question is a continuation of this post : Metrization of a topological vector space Let $C_{lip}(\mathbb R^d)$ be the space of Lipschitz functions on $\mathbb R^d$. We endow $C_{lip}(\mathbb R^...
user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
194 views

Continuity of the densities of a stochastic process

Let $X=(X_t)_{t\in I}$ ($I\subset\mathbb{R}$ an interval) be a stochastic process with continuous sample paths and such that $X_t$ admits a continuous Lebesgue density $\chi_t\in C(\mathbb{R}^d)$ for ...
fsp-b's user avatar
  • 463
1 vote
1 answer
757 views

meromorphic extension of a function

Let $\Lambda\in \mathbf{C}$ be a discrete subset. We assume that $\mathrm{Re}(\lambda)<0$ for all the $\lambda\in \Lambda$. For $i\in \mathbf{N}$, $\lambda\in \Lambda$, let $m_{i,\lambda}\in \...
shu's user avatar
  • 1,111
1 vote
1 answer
263 views

Does global boundedness ruin Stone-Weierstrass denseness?

Let $X$ be any topological space and denote by $\tau_X$ the topology on $C_b(X;\mathbb{R})$ that is induced by the family of seminorms $(\|\cdot\|_\psi\mid\psi\in B_0(X))$ with $\|f\|_\psi:=\sup_{x\in ...
fsp-b's user avatar
  • 463
1 vote
1 answer
487 views

New differintegral formula: how is it related to other differintegral formulas?

Lets define new differintegral formula as $$\mathbb{D}^s_xf(x)= \sum_{m=0}^{\infty} \binom {s}m \sum_{k=0}^m\binom mk(-1)^{m-k}f^{(k)}(x)$$ or, equivalently, $$\mathbb{D}^s_xf(x)= \lim_{t\to s} \...
Anixx's user avatar
  • 10.1k
1 vote
1 answer
154 views

BV function with absolutely continuous divergence

Let $f:\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N \to \mathbb{R}^N$ be a vector field such that $f \in BV(\Omega)$. Suppose that $\mathrm{div} f$ is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure and ...
Riku's user avatar
  • 839
0 votes
1 answer
557 views

Is the limsup or liminf of n-wise independent events independent?

Let $(\Omega, \mathscr F, \mathbb P)$ be a probability space. Consider events indexed by $m, n \in \mathbb N$: $ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ A_{1,n}, A_{2,n}, A_{3,n} ...$ are n-wise independent. $A_{m,1}...
BCLC's user avatar
  • 247
0 votes
1 answer
176 views

Symmetry of fractional laplacian

Let $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^n$, let $s\in [1/2,1)$, let $u\in C^{1,2s-1+\epsilon}(\Omega)$ such that: $u=0$ on $\mathbb{R}^n\setminus\Omega$, and: $u\in C^{0,s}(\mathbb{R}^n)$, is true that: $$\int_{\...
inoc's user avatar
  • 339
0 votes
2 answers
403 views

Application of uniform boundedness principle

$\DeclareMathOperator\Lip{Lip}$Let $\Lip_0(\mathbb R^d)$ be the space of Lipschitz functions $f:\mathbb R^d\to\mathbb R$ vanishing at zero, i.e., $f(0)=0$, and equipped with the norm $\|f\|:=\|\nabla ...
user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
125 views

Is there a modification of $f$ on a null set such that $F: [0, T] \to L^p ({\mathbb R}^d), t \mapsto f(t,\cdot)$ is Bochner measurable?

Let $T>0$ and $p \in [1, \infty)$. Let $f \in L^p ([0, T] \times {\mathbb R}^d)$. By a theorem in this thread, there is a Lebesgue null subset $N$ of $[0, T]$ such that $f(t, \cdot)$ is Lebesgue ...
Akira's user avatar
  • 835
0 votes
1 answer
186 views

Poisson kernel, $E^{(x, y)}\text{exp}\{i\theta X_t - \theta Y_t\} = e^{i\theta x - \theta y}$

Let $d = 2$, and consider the domain $D = \mathbb{H}$, the upper half-plane. Let $W_t = (X_t, Y_t)$. How do I see that for any $\theta \in \mathbb{R}$ and any $t \ge 0$, we have$$E^{(x, y)}\text{exp}\{...
user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
178 views

"Find a representation [using Mellin transform] of 𝑓(𝜇,𝛽) as Gauss hypergeometric function in variable 𝜇"

This is a follow-up to the first comment (by Nemo) to the posting Compute the two-fold partial integral, where the three-fold full integral is known . (I also just asked this as a comment to that ...
Paul B. Slater's user avatar
15 votes
2 answers
473 views

Generalizations of summation methods of divergence series

If one looks at the "summation proofs" of divergent series such as Grandi's series, one might see a pattern that most of the computation rely on linearity and comparability with the shift ...
Serge the Toaster's user avatar
114 votes
34 answers
86k views

Why do we teach calculus students the derivative as a limit?

I'm not teaching calculus right now, but I talk to someone who does, and the question that came up is why emphasize the $h \to 0$ definition of a derivative to calculus students? Something a teacher ...
87 votes
8 answers
16k views

Why is Lebesgue integration taught using positive and negative parts of functions?

Background: When I first took measure theory/integration, I was bothered by the idea that the integral of a real-valued function w.r.t. a measure was defined first for nonnegative functions and only ...
KConrad's user avatar
  • 50.6k
78 votes
5 answers
8k views

Does pointwise convergence imply uniform convergence on a large subset?

Suppose $f_n$ is a sequence of real valued functions on $[0,1]$ which converges pointwise to zero. Is there an uncountable subset $A$ of $[0,1]$ so that $f_n$ converges uniformly on $A$? Is there a ...
Bill Johnson's user avatar
  • 31.5k
67 votes
9 answers
7k views

Taking "Zooming in on a point of a graph" seriously

In calculus classes it is sometimes said that the tangent line to a curve at a point is the line that we get by "zooming in" on that point with an infinitely powerful microscope. This explanation ...
Steven Gubkin's user avatar
64 votes
8 answers
6k views

Two (probably) equal real numbers which are not proved to be equal?

Can someone give me a nice example of two computable real numbers which are believed but not proved to be equal? I never really understood the assertion that "the reals do not have decidable equality"...
63 votes
6 answers
12k views

Why isn't integral defined as the area under the graph of function?

In order to define Lebesgue integral, we have to develop some measure theory. This takes some effort in the classroom, after which we need additional effort of defining Lebesgue integral (which also ...
user57888's user avatar
  • 1,229
46 votes
2 answers
7k views

Is $\sum_{k=1}^{n} \sin(k^2)$ bounded by a constant $M$?

I know $\sum_{k=1}^{n} \sin(k)$ is bounded by a constant. How about $\sum_{k=1}^{n} \sin(k^2)$?
npbool's user avatar
  • 573
43 votes
0 answers
819 views

A kaleidoscopic coloring of the plane

Problem. Is there a partition $\mathbb R^2=A\sqcup B$ of the Euclidean plane into two Lebesgue measurable sets such that for any disk $D$ of the unit radius we get $\lambda(A\cap D)=\lambda(B\cap D)=\...
Taras Banakh's user avatar
  • 41.8k
37 votes
3 answers
3k views

An entropy inequality

Let $X,Y$ be probability measures on $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$, and set $K=\sum_i\sqrt{X(i)Y(i)}$ so that $Z:=\frac{1}{K}\sqrt{XY}$ is also a probability measure on $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$. How can we prove the ...
Eric Naslund's user avatar
  • 11.4k
34 votes
2 answers
2k views

Is it always possible to calculate the limit of an elementary function?

I already asked this question on https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2691331/is-it-always-possible-to-calculate-the-limit-of-an-elementary-function but as I received no answer; maybe it is not as ...
Olivier Esser's user avatar
33 votes
1 answer
2k views

How quickly can the derivative of an everywhere differentiable function change sign?

Let $f : [a,b] \to \Bbb R$ be everywhere differentiable with $f'(a) = 1$ and $f'(b) =-1$. By Darboux theorem, we know that $f'([a,b])$ is an interval containing $[-1,1]$. In particular, the set $\{x \...
Siméon's user avatar
  • 635
33 votes
1 answer
2k views

For which maps $S^1\to S^1$ is the winding number defined?

There are two classes of maps $S^1\to S^1$ for which I know how to define the winding number: • Continuous maps: Using the unique path lifting property of the universal covering map $\mathbb R\to S^...
André Henriques's user avatar
32 votes
4 answers
4k views

Is a random subset of the real numbers non-measurable? Is the set of measurable sets measurable?

One might say, "a random subset of $\mathbb{R}$ is not Lebesgue measurable" without really thinking about it. But if we unpack the standard definitions of all those terms (and work in ZFC), it's not ...
Gene S. Kopp's user avatar
  • 2,200
31 votes
13 answers
6k views

Classic applications of Baire category theorem

I've seen Baire category theorem used to prove existence of objects with certain properties. But it seems there is another class of interesting applications of Baire category theorem that I have yet ...
31 votes
1 answer
2k views

Prove that there exists $n\in\mathbb{N}$ such that $f^{(n)}$ has at least n+1 zeros on $(-1,1)$

Let $f\in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})$ such that $f(x)=0$ on $\mathbb{R}\setminus (-1,1)$. Prove that there exists $n\in\mathbb{N}$ such that $f^{(n)}$ has at least $n+1$ zeros on $(-1,1)$ I ...
user avatar
29 votes
3 answers
2k views

Wanted: Positivity certificate for the AM-GM inequality in low dimension

I'm seeking for a Certificate of Positivity for the AM-GM inequality in five variables $$a^5+b^5+c^5+d^5+e^5-5abcde\;\ge 0\qquad\forall\,a,b,c,d,e\ge 0\,.$$ Can one write the LHS as a sum $\,\...
Hanno's user avatar
  • 489

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