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I'm trying to show that the Lie group $G=SO(n+1) \times SO(2)$ acts multiplicity-free on the cotangentbundle $T^* (SO(n+1)/SO(n-1))$. That means: 1) There exists an $\operatorname{Ad}^*_G$-...

A non-zero complex number can be uniquely written in polar form as $re^{i\theta}$. There is an analogous result for complex matrices: any invertible complex matrix can be uniquely written as $UP$, ...