All Questions
Tagged with lie-groups linear-algebra
116 questions
3
votes
1
answer
111
views
Generalization of a result of Kostant related to Gauss decomposition and Toda lattices
I found myself needing a generalization of a result of Kostant in his famous paper
B. Kostant, The solution to a generalized Toda lattice and representation theory, Adv. in Math, Volume 34, 1979, ...
- 173
4
votes
1
answer
183
views
What are some properties of the leading eigenvalue of a product of inversions in mutually tangent spheres?
Let $S_1, \ldots, S_n$ be a collection of $n \geq 4$ pairwise tangent hyperspheres in $\mathbb{R}^{n-2}$ with disjoint interiors, and $\iota_i$ be the inversion in $S_i$. Viewing the conformal group ...
- 143
4
votes
0
answers
147
views
Frobenius norm bounds on exponentials of anti-Hermitian matrices
Suppose $X$ and $Y$ are two anti-Hermitian matrices satisifying $\|X\|, \|Y\| \leq \pi$, where $\|\cdot\|$ is the spectral norm. I'm trying to prove the following bounds on the Frobenius norm of the ...
- 41
2
votes
1
answer
123
views
Polar decomposition with respect to the nonstandard involution of quaternionic matrices?
The quaternions admit infinitely many involutions. But up to isomorphism, there are only two: The standard one $t+xi+yj+zk\mapsto t-xi-yj-zk$ and the nonstandard one $\phi:t+xi+yj+zk\mapsto t-xi+yj+zk$...
- 4,943
4
votes
1
answer
263
views
Geodesics on orthogonal matrix
Let $ O(n) $ be the manifold of orthornormal matrix, i.e.
$$
O(n)=\{A\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}:A^TA=I\}.
$$
Then $ O(n) $ is a submanifold of $ \mathbb{R}^{n\times n} $. On $ O(n) $, there is a ...
- 1,219
15
votes
3
answers
1k
views
Group of matrices in which every matrix is similar to unitary
$\DeclareMathOperator\GL{GL}$Let $G$ be a subgroup of $\GL_n(\mathbb{C})$ such that for every $g \in G$ there exists $c \in \GL_n(\mathbb{C})$ for which $cgc^{-1}$ is unitary (or, which is the same, $...
3
votes
2
answers
203
views
Recovering a set from its projections in varying coordinate systems - a projection hull?
Let me describe the simplest non-trivial case of what I have in mind. Let $V$ be a 2-dimensional $\mathbb{R}$-vector space and fix an isomorphism $V \cong \mathbb{R}^2$, where $\mathbb{R}^2$ is ...
- 7,127
3
votes
0
answers
119
views
Describing the outer automorphism of a special unitary group in terms of the Hermitian form
$\DeclareMathOperator\U{U}\DeclareMathOperator\SU{SU}\DeclareMathOperator\GL{GL}$Let $h$ be a non-degenerate Hermitian form on $\mathbb{C}^n$ with signature $(p,q)$. Let $\U_h$ denote the associated ...
- 7,527
6
votes
1
answer
368
views
Number of points on a linear algebraic group over a finite field
Let $G$ be a linear algebraic group defined over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ as a variety of dimension $d$. What would be a good, simple lower bound for $G(F_q)$?
One can get something fairly nice ...
- 20.2k
1
vote
1
answer
338
views
distance between unitary and anti-unitary matrices
This question is related to the previous post, "A question about unitary and anti-unitary matrices". Following the suggestion of Lspice, I am posting it as a separate question, as it might ...
- 327
30
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Gaussian elimination is just Gram-Schmidt with a change to the inner product symbol?
I noticed at some point that if you take the Gram-Schmidt algorithm for taking the QR decomposition of a matrix, and you change the meaning of the inner product symbol $\langle \mathbf u, \mathbf v \...
- 4,943
3
votes
0
answers
46
views
Evaluate $\int_\phi e^{tr(RM)} dR$ where $\phi$ is a set of all real orthonormal matrices of a certain size
I am trying to evaluate $\int_\phi e^{tr(RM)} dR$ where $\phi$ is a set of all real orthogonal matrices of a certain size. $M$ is an arbitrary real matrix (of a certain size).
This is equivalent to
$$\...
- 433
6
votes
1
answer
357
views
How to distinguish conjugacy classes in SO(2n) efficiently?
In a compact connected Lie group $G$, each element is conjugate to an element of a maximal torus $T$. For a classical group, one can pick a basis of the tautological representation such that $T$ is ...
- 3,186
20
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Find $Y\in\operatorname{GL}_n(\mathbb{Z})$ such that all eigenvalues of $YX$ are nonnegative
I saw this problem some years ago and I would greatly appreciate any reference or solution.
Let $X \in \operatorname{M}_n ( \mathbb{R} )$. Prove that there is $Y \in \operatorname{M}_n ( \mathbb{Z} )$...
- 3,153
1
vote
1
answer
319
views
Are there any applications of linear algebra over the complex numbers, where the role of complex conjugation is replaced with the trivial involution?
The complex inner product $\langle u, v \rangle$ is a special case of a sesquilinear form over a field. Its definition is $\langle u, v \rangle = \sum_{i} u_i \overline{v_i}$. There is clearly the ...
- 4,943
1
vote
0
answers
71
views
What subspace of $\operatorname{SU}(4)$ group keeps an element of the $\mathfrak{su}(2)$ subalgebra within $\mathfrak{su}(2)$ upon adjoint action?
Consider the Lie group $G_4=\operatorname{SU}(4)$ with (15) generators $T^a$. A basis for the latter is
$$\{\sigma^j \times 1_2, \quad \quad \sigma^i \times \sigma^j, \quad \quad 1_2 \times \sigma^j\},...
- 155
8
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Action of symmetric matrices under $\mathrm{O}(n)$
$\DeclareMathOperator\Sym{Sym}\DeclareMathOperator\O{O}\DeclareMathOperator\GL{GL}$Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 (it can even be $\mathbb{C}$ if you like), and let $n\in\...
- 1,077
1
vote
0
answers
143
views
Why is this operator independent of the choice of basis
I asked this question in MSE but I received no answer
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/4009524/why-is-the-following-operator-independent-of-the-choice-of-basis/4013636#4013636
Let $G$ be a lie ...
- 139
2
votes
0
answers
98
views
Sublattices in the standard integral symplectic lattice
Let $V$ denote $\mathbb{Z}^{2g}$ with its standard integral symplectic form $\omega = \sum_{i=0}^{g-1}dx_{2i} \wedge dx_{2i+1}$ (or, the homology lattice of a genus $g$ surface with its intersection ...
- 427
2
votes
0
answers
190
views
Conjugacy classes in centralizers
Let $G$ be a complex reductive group, let $g$ be an element, and let $C$ be the connected component of its centralizer. I'm curious about what is known about the intersection of conjugacy classes in $...
- 491
0
votes
0
answers
99
views
Unimodular matrices fixing $(1, 1, \cdots, 1)$
What is known about the subgroup of $GL(n, \mathbb Z)$ fixing (under left multiplication) the vector ${(1, 1, \cdots, 1)}^T$ ('T' denotes transposition). I'm particularly interested in the case $n = 5$...
- 356
11
votes
3
answers
587
views
Is every $A \in \mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb C)$ a product of four unipotent matrices?
Is every matrix $A \in \mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb C)$ a product of four unipotent matrices?
I have verified that this is true if $n = 2$, and I believe I have came across this result before. However, I ...
- 485
8
votes
2
answers
636
views
Bilinear forms in compact/semisimple Lie group theory
If you look up the list of compact or semisimple Lie groups, you will see that three out of four infinite families (B, C and D) are defined in terms of a bilinear form on a vector space, either ...
- 481
8
votes
1
answer
305
views
Groups that act transitively on $\mathrm{Gr}(k,\Bbb R^n)$ but not transitively on $\mathrm{Gr}(k+1,\Bbb R^n)$
Is it known for which $n, k\in\Bbb N$ there exists a matrix group $\Gamma\subseteq\mathrm{GL}(\Bbb R^n)$ that
acts transitively on $\mathrm{Gr}(k,n)$, i.e., on the $k$-dimensional subspaces of $\Bbb ...
- 13.6k
1
vote
0
answers
96
views
Constructing homeomorphisms from continuous functions and matrix exponentials
Fix a $d\times d$ matrix $A$, let $f:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be a continuous function, and define the induced map $F_{f,A}:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^d$ by
$$
x \mapsto \exp(f(x)A)...
- 5,405
1
vote
2
answers
922
views
Eigenvectors of random unitary matrices
Any unitary matrix $U$ can be diagonalized by another unitary matrix $V$,
$$U=VDV^\dagger,$$
where $D={\rm diag}(z_1,z_2,...,z_N)$ is diagonal.
If $U$ is taken at random uniformly with respect to Haar ...
- 1,549
2
votes
1
answer
270
views
Explicit Normalizer of SU(3) Cartan subalgebra
The normalizer $N(\mathfrak{h})$ of the Cartan subalgebra $\mathfrak{h}$ of $\mathfrak{su}(3)$ is defined as
$$N=\left\{ x \in SU(3)\;|\; x^\dagger\mathfrak{h}x \in \mathfrak{h}\right\}$$
I would like ...
- 155
4
votes
1
answer
441
views
Smallest subgroup of unitary group, containing diagonal matrices and a fixed unitary matrix is the whole group
Suppose that $U_n(\mathbb{C})$ is the group of unitary matrices of dimension $n$ over complex numbers. Fix a unitary matrix $A \in U_n(\mathbb{C})$ and consider the smallest closed subgroup $K \...
- 85
4
votes
1
answer
511
views
Invariants of symmetric forms with respect to the symplectic group
Take a 6-dimensional vector space $V$ (for simplicity, over $\mathbb{C}$) and play the following game (for example, by employing the online Lie program): consider the 21-dimensional space $S^2V^*$ of ...
- 2,527
4
votes
1
answer
317
views
Orbits of tensor product $\operatorname{St}_2\otimes\operatorname{Sym}^2(\mathbb C ^3)$
Let $G_1=\operatorname{GL}_2(\mathbb C)$ act on $V_1=\mathbb C^2$ via the standard multiplication. Denote this representation by $\operatorname{St}_2$. Let $G_2=\operatorname{SL}_3(\mathbb C^3)$ act ...
- 960
10
votes
1
answer
262
views
What is the hidden symmetry behind four generic planes in $\mathbb{R}^4$?
Consider the action of $\operatorname{GL}(\mathbb{R}^4)$ on the Grassmannian of 2-dimensional subspaces of $\mathbb{R}^4$. In experiments, I observe that four randomly drawn points in this space are ...
- 7,633
5
votes
0
answers
372
views
Gelfand pairs in $SO(p,q)$
I am considering the groups $SO(p,q)$ over the reals. And inside it some parabolic subgroup, $P$. It can be the minimal parabolic but that is not the issue.
It is well known that $P$ has a Levi ...
- 51
3
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Finding the closest special orthogonal matrix in Frobenius norm sense
Given a $3\times3$ matrix $M$, if we would like to get the closest $\mathrm{SO}(3)$ matrix $R$ that minimizes
\begin{equation}
\|R-M\|_F
\end{equation}
then $R$ = $UV^{T}$ where $U$ and $V^{T}$ are ...
- 33
4
votes
0
answers
114
views
Representation theoretic characterisation of symmetric spaces
Let $G$ be a simple compact Lie group and $H$ a closed subgroup.
Let $\mathfrak{h}\subset \mathfrak{g}$ denote the corresponding Lie algebras. Let $\mathfrak{m}$ be an orthogonal complement to $\...
- 81
10
votes
0
answers
393
views
Interpretation of determinants on commutative rings
In real Euclidian space, the result of the determinant can be interpreted as the oriented volume of the image of the unit cube under an invertible linear map.
This interpretation conceptually depends ...
- 323
2
votes
0
answers
61
views
Generalizing polynomial identities for rings
For a ring $R$, a polynomial identity of $R$ is a polynomial (in non-commuting variables) $f(x_1,\ldots,x_n)\in \mathbb{Z}[x_1,\ldots, x_n]$ such that for any choice of $a_i\in R$, $f(a_1,\ldots, a_n)=...
- 21
11
votes
3
answers
861
views
Nonnegativity of an integral over the unitary group
For an $n$-by-$n$ unitary matrix $U$ and a permutation $\sigma\in S_n$, let
$$w_\sigma=(-1)^\sigma\det(U^*)\prod_{i=1}^n U_{i,\sigma(i)}.$$
Is $\int_{U(n)}\mathrm{Re}(w_{\sigma_1})\mathrm{Re}(w_{\...
- 1,593
6
votes
3
answers
327
views
$SO(m+1)$-equivariant maps from $S^m$ to $S^m$
Let $G=SO(m+1)$ , $m \geq 2$, act in the standard way on $S^m$.
Let $F:S^m \to S^m$ be a $G$-equivariant map, i.e., $g F(g^{-1}x) =F(x)$ for all $x \in S^m$ and $g \in G$.
Question 1: Is F the ...
- 63
1
vote
0
answers
254
views
Defining a notion of “volume of its lattice” for non-rational subspaces
Let $V\subseteq \Bbb R^n$ be a vector subspace. If $V$ is rational, i.e. has a basis consisting of elements in $\Bbb Z^n$, then there’s a well-defined notion of the “volume of the lattice of V”:
$$\...
- 3,079
8
votes
1
answer
253
views
Simple Lie algebras: making subspaces 'very transversal'
Let $G$ be a Lie group or group of Lie type whose Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ is simple. Because the Lie algebra is simple, for any proper subspace $V\subset \mathfrak{g}$,
there is a $g\in G$ such ...
- 20.2k
6
votes
1
answer
321
views
Branching from $E(6)$ to $SO(10) \times U(1)$
In $E(6)$ inspired models of supersymmetry, the inclusion of Lie subgroups
$$
SO(10) \times U(1) \hookrightarrow E_6
$$
is important object of interest. See here for my motivating example.
In ...
- 835
4
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Why is $O(n;k)$ not connected, and has four connected components? [closed]
Why is $O(n;k)$ not connected and has four connected components when $nk\ge 1$?
Here $O(n;k) =\{A\in GL(n+k,\mathbb{R}) \mid A^{T}GA=G\}$
where
$G=\begin{pmatrix}
1&&&&&\\
&\...
- 57
1
vote
0
answers
103
views
Which operators constructed from 10d gamma matrices commute with $SO(1,2)\times SO(3)\times SO(3)$?
In the paper Supersymmetric Boundary Conditions in N=4 Super Yang-Mills Theory by Gaiotto and Witten, an in-depth analysis of boundary conditions in N=4 Super Yang-Mills in four dimensions in ...
- 1,155
1
vote
1
answer
528
views
Weyl group action on maximal tori
Let $G$ be a semisimple algebraic group over the complex numbers and we fix a maximal torus $T$. Let $w\in W$ be an element in the Weyl group, and let $T^{w}$ be the elements in $T$ that are fixed by $...
- 125
5
votes
1
answer
158
views
$SL_2$-action on the free lie algebra on a 2-dimensional vector space
Let $V$ be a 2-dimensional vector space (over, say, $\mathbb{Q}$). Let $FL$ be the free lie algebra on $V$, then there is a natural action of the group $SL(V)$ on $FL$, such that the action of $-I$ is ...
- 10.7k
1
vote
1
answer
92
views
Collection of matrices in $SU_{\mathbb{C}}(n)$ with given family of eigenvectors
For a given fixed matrix $M\in SU_{\mathbb{C}}(n)$, how to find all $N\in SO_{\mathbb{C}}(n)$ such that $N^{-1}MN$ is a diagonal matrix?
If we consider a fixed set of $n$ complex vectors $\Gamma:=\{...
- 8,071
0
votes
1
answer
327
views
Rotation matrix between two column spaces
I would like to find a rotation matrix between two flats $F_1,F_2$ that are defined by the column spaces of the matrices $M_1,M_2 \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times k}$ ($k<n$) respectively. If it was to ...
- 3
6
votes
1
answer
273
views
Simultaneous triangularisation of an exterior power of a set of matrices
I'm working on some research problems relating to random matrix products, and this is taking me into areas of mathematics I've not previously studied: Lie groups, representation theory, and real ...
- 6,206
4
votes
2
answers
2k
views
A question about unitary and anti-unitary matrices
The question is the following: Let $U:\mathbf{C}^n\to \mathbf{C}^n$ be a unitary operator; let $\tilde{U}:\mathbf{C}^n\to\mathbf{C}^n$ be an antiunitary operator.
Can one deform $U$ to $\tilde{U}$ ...
- 327
2
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Parametrization of SL(3,R)
Are there any known common parametrizations of SL(3,R)? I know that it is easy to obtain a local parametrization by just exponentiating generators from the Lie algebra, but I do not know if they are ...
- 293