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Why the Riccati equation $\frac{\mathrm{d} y}{\mathrm{d} x} =ax^{m}+by^{2}$ has an elementary solution "only" when $m=0$, $m=-2$, $m=4k/(2k\pm 1)$?

The special form of Riccati equation $$ \frac{\mathrm{d} y}{\mathrm{d} x} =ax^{m}+by^{2} $$ has been proved that it is solvable if and only if $m=0$, $m=-2$, $m=4k/(2k\pm 1)$. The sufficiency is ...
z yuli's user avatar
  • 9
2 votes
0 answers
118 views

Connecting the higher energies of GP and KdV via a Riccati equation

I will describe my set-up and then the problem. We use the branch of the complex square root where $$ \sqrt{re^{i \phi}} = \sqrt{r} e^{i \frac{\phi}{2}} \qquad \forall r > 0 \,, \forall \phi \in [0,...
Robert Wegner's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
258 views

Building a geodesic conjugate parameterization on catenoid

I believe that a catenoid supports a parametrization $\sigma : U \subset \mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^3$ that forms a conjugate system (i.e., $\sigma_{uv} \in\mathrm{span}(\sigma_u, \sigma_v)$) ...
RWien's user avatar
  • 245
4 votes
1 answer
214 views

A system of linear PDEs with boundary conditions

I'm researching on discrete/semi-discrete/smooth differential geometry. Recently, I could simplify one of my geometric problems (in the smooth scenario) into the solutions of a system of linear PDEs ...
RWien's user avatar
  • 245
2 votes
0 answers
30 views

Zero-curvature formulation of the Camassa-Holm hierarchy

In the book of Gesztesy and Holden (see the following article of the same authors), they state that the (stationary) Camassa-Holm hierarchy may be cast as a zero-curvature equation \begin{align} -V_{n,...
hyriusen's user avatar
  • 121
1 vote
0 answers
127 views

About writing solutions of linear ODE's: Is this statement correct?

A motivating example: Consider the Hypergeometric equation $$z(1-z) \frac{d^2y}{dz^2}+(c-(a+b+1)z) \frac{dy}{dz}-aby=0,$$ it has a solution given by the Gauss's Hypergeometric function $$_2F_1(a,b;c;z)...
Diego Santos's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
74 views

Coordinates for quasiperiodic motion after reconstruction

Consider a free action of $SO(3)$ on a manifold $M$ and some (reducible) dynamics vector field $X$ on $M$. Suposse that the reduced dynamics $X_{red}$ on $M/SO(3)$ has only fixed points and periodic ...
user2002's user avatar
  • 141
5 votes
1 answer
222 views

Obstruction to the existence of a globally defined integrating factor

Let $U$ be an open subset of $\Bbb{R}^n$ and take $\omega$ to be a nowhere-vanishing smooth $1$-form on $U$. The Frobenius Theorem implies that, near each point of $U$, $\omega$ may be written as $g\,{...
KhashF's user avatar
  • 3,599
2 votes
0 answers
123 views

GUE, tau-function of Painlevé II, and an article of Forrester-Witte

Let $ \mu $ be the Gaussian measure $ d\mu(x) = e^{-x^2/2} \frac{dx}{\sqrt{2\pi} } $. I am interested in the following random matrix integral defined for all $ s \in \mathbb{R} $, $ N \geq 1 $ and $ a ...
Synia's user avatar
  • 593
1 vote
0 answers
117 views

Why is Jacobi Identity equivalent to holonomy of system? [closed]

Or equivalently, why is jacobi identity equivalent to integrability of system? How do I understand it intuitively? Thanks.
N.Li's user avatar
  • 92
6 votes
1 answer
294 views

Periodicity of KdV equation in relation to zero-curvature equation

In most of the resources that I have read, integrable systems described by a PDE posses a zero-curvature equation $$ \partial_t U - \partial_x V + [U,V] = 0 $$ which gives rise to the monodromy matrix ...
Hunter's user avatar
  • 215
10 votes
2 answers
8k views

What does it mean for a differential equation "to be integrable"? [duplicate]

What does it mean for a differential equation "to be integrable"? Are "integrable" and "solvable" synonyms? The first thing that comes to my mind is to say: it's integrable if we can find the ...
Simone Gaiarin's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
78 views

Singularity Confinement For Differential-Difference Systems

This is a follow-up question to an old question on this site (link) which has a solution that describes the singularity confinement property for discrete systems. Are there any papers or books that ...
Jack's user avatar
  • 111
3 votes
1 answer
1k views

How to find a Lax Pair for the modified KdV equation

Question I am having trouble trying to find a matrix $T$ so that with $X$, they form a Lax pair for the modified KdV equation $u_t - 6 u^2 u_x + u_{xxx} = 0$. Where $X$ is defined as: $ X = \begin{...
User's user avatar
  • 131
7 votes
0 answers
267 views

Toda Flow Embeddings

What are strategies for generating the following types of pictures: Here's what's going on here. Take a toda flow in 3 variables. The equations of motion are: $$\frac{d}{dt}a_k=2(b_k^2-b_{k-1}^2),$$ ...
Alex R.'s user avatar
  • 4,952
1 vote
0 answers
157 views

Calogero-Moser eigenfunction

The folllowing function \begin{equation} J(t_1,t_2,t_3,m,h)=[(1-e^{t_1-t_2})(1-e^{t_2-t_3})(1-e^{t_1-t_3})]^{-m/h} e^{-\frac{a_1t_1+a_2t_2+a_3t_3}{h}}\sum_{k_{1,1},k_{2,1},k_{2,2}\ge0}e^{(t_1-t_2)k_{1,...
Satoshi  Nawata's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
373 views

J-function of cotangent bundle of complete flag variety

Givental and Kim showed that the $J$-function of the complete flag variety $Fl_n=SL_{n}/B$ becomes an eigenfunction of the Toda Hamiltonian. How about the $J$-function of the cotangent bundle $T^*...
Satoshi  Nawata's user avatar
8 votes
1 answer
1k views

What is exactly the (singularity) confinement property ?

This property seems to be used both in the context of differential equations and several kinds of discrete equation systems or automata. It seems to be related in certain case to the Painlevé ...
ogerard's user avatar
  • 948
164 votes
14 answers
40k views

What is an integrable system?

What is an integrable system, and what is the significance of such systems? (Maybe it is easier to explain what a non-integrable system is.) In particular, is there a dichotomy between "...
Gil Kalai's user avatar
  • 24.7k