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I am looking for a name for the following question in literature! (and if you know it, then it would be great) I couldn't find it and due to wide audience here, presumably you know more. Thank you $...

Have there been attempts to factor integers with Linear Programming? Searching the internet suggests that for Integer Factorization only Number Theoretic algorithms, like sieves, are taken into ...

My question is motivated by the fact, that among other ways, it is possible to restrict a variable to two discrete values, e.g. the prototypical $0$ and $1$, via an optimization constraint: $$\max(\...