Questions tagged [haar-measure]
Everything the deals with properties and definitions of Haar measure, as well as related fields when the question relies heavily on the notion of haar measure - group harmonic analysis, group ergodic theory etc.
168
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Anti-concentration of polynomials on Haar measure
Let $X\in\mathbb{R}^n$ follow the Haar measure (i.e. uniformly distributed over the unit sphere), and $P$ be a degree-$d$ polynomial such that $\mathrm{Var}[P(X)]=1$. Are there constants $c(n,d)>0$ ...
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Calculating an integral involving Haar measure on orthogonal projections
Let $\sigma_{n, m}$ denote the uniform measure over matrices $U \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times m}$ satisfying $U^T U = I_m$. Let $1_k \in \mathbb{R}^k$ denote the vector with all entries equal to $1$.
I am ...
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1
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Integral over the space of $p$-adic matrices
$\DeclareMathOperator\Mat{Mat}$Let $\mathbb{F}$ be a non-Archimedean local field. Let $\mathcal{O}$ be its ring of integers with a uniformizer $\pi$. Let $|\cdot|\colon \mathbb{F}\to \mathbb{R}$ be ...
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The uniform odd and even subgraph of $\mathbb{Z}^2$
Given a (first finite and later infinite) graph $G =(V,E)$ the uniform even graph is the uniform probability measure on the set of spanning even subgraphs. That is subgraphs (V, E') with $E' \subset E$...
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Conditional distributions of random orthogonal projection matrix
I have encountered a rather curious question.
Suppose I have a symmetric idempotent orthogonal projection matrix $A\in\mathbb R^{N\times N}$ that projects onto a uniformly random $n$-dimensional ...
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0
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Are closures of products of unimodular subgroups unimodular?
Let $G$ be a locally compact group, $N \subset G$ a unimodular normal subgroup, and $H \subset G$ a discrete (hence unimodular) subgroup. Does it follow that the closure $\overline{NH} \subset G$ is ...
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Pushforward of measure under surjective map
Let $X, Y, Z$ be measurable spaces with measures $\mu_X, \mu_Y, \mu_Z$ respectively. Let $\pi_Y : Y \times Z \rightarrow Y$ be the projection on $Y$ and $\pi_Z : Y \times Z \rightarrow Z$ the ...
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Entropy for Haar measure on $O(n)$
Let $G$ be a locally compact group. A measure $\mu$ is the right-Haar measure on $G$ if for every $g\in G$ and $E\subseteq G$ Borel set $\mu(Eg)=\mu(E)$. It is known that every locally compact group ...
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Uniqueness of left-invariant Borel probability measure on compact groups
On a compact topological group, consider two left-invariant probability measures $\mu$ and $\nu$ defined on the Borel sigma-algebra. Is it true that they coincide?
It is classical that the Haar ...
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Intergral over Haar random unitary
Given matrices $A_i$, and map $F(X)=A_nXA_{n-1}\cdots A_1$.
How to compute
$$\int_U F(U)\otimes F(U)^{*} dU$$
where $X^*$ denotes the complex conjugate transpose and $dU$ denotes the Haar measure.
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Maximum norm within a random subspace intersected with an ellipsoid
Let $d < n$, and let $G_n(d)$ denote the space of all $d$-dimensional subspaces of $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Let $a = (a_1,\dots, a_n)$ denote a positive sequence, and define
$U(a) = \{u \in \mathbb{R}^n: \...
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Using the von Neumann crossed product to introduce a measure on the orbit space?
Suppose we're given an action (possibly: ergodic) of a group G (say, $\mathbb{R}$) on a measure space $(X, \mu)$ (possibly: a standard probability space).
Question: is there a natural way of using the ...
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On Haar measure and Spherical measure [closed]
Let $d$-dimensional complex sphere be
$$\{(c_1,\cdots,c_{d})\sum_{i=1}^{d} |c_i|^2=1.\}$$
We can define the Haar measure on this sphere by regarding the unitary group $U(d)$.
We can regard the $d$-...
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Action of the Haar measure on the Heisenberg group
The Heisenberg group is $\mathbb{H}^N=\mathbb{R}^{2N+1} = \left\{ (x,y, \tau ) \right\}\in \mathbb{R}^N \times \mathbb{R}^N \times \mathbb{R}$ equipped with the group operation
\begin{equation}
(...
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Uniform distribution on pairs of unitary matrices
This question has two parts.
In Part 1, I would like to know if the following distribution on pairs of $d$-dimensional unitary matrices has popped up in the literature:
"Uniform distribution on ...
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Do compact inverse-property loops (or just compact Moufang loops) have bi-invariant Haar measure?
So, the overall question is in the title: Does a compact topological loop with the inverse property have a Haar measure that is simultaneously left and right invariant? (And we can restrict to ...
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Measures and structure on conjugacy classes
Given a locally compact group $G$, does there exist a measure $\nu$ on the conjugacy classes $conj(G)$ such that for $f \in C_c(G)$
$$ \int_G f(g) d \mu_G(g) = \int_{conj(H)} \int_{G / G_\gamma} f(g\...
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Existence of a bounded measurable subset of $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb R)$ that is Borel isomorphic to $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb R)/\text{SL}(d,\mathbb Z)$?
$\text{SL}(d,\mathbb R)/\text{SL}(d,\mathbb Z)$ has two interesting properties: on one hand it is non-compact, but on the other hand it admits a unique $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb R)$-invariant finite ...
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Integrating over a fundamental domain in $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb R)$ under $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb Z)$ action and the choice of the fundamental domain
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a fundamental domain in $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb R)$ under $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb Z)$ action. It is well known that there exists a unique $\text{SL}(d,\mathbb R)$-invariant probability ...
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If $A, B$ is a non-trivial partition of $S^1$, is it possible that $R_\theta(A) \cap B$ has measure zero for all rotations $R_\theta$?
This was previously posted to Math StackExchange. I was originally unsure whether it is suitable for posting here, but I've yet to get an answer there, so I'm just trying to see if people here can ...
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Asymptotics of Haar moments on general Lie groups
I am trying to understand the asymptotics of Haar Moments on general compact Lie groups (in particular, subgroups of $\mathrm{SU}(n)$). I have learned that closed form formulae for these moments are ...
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Haar measures of compact subgroups
Let $G$ be a locally compact group, $K$ a compact subgroup in $G$, and $\mu_K$ the normalized Haar measure on $K$:
$$
\mu_K(K)=1.
$$
Let us denote by $\widetilde{\mu_K}$ the measure on $G$ defined as ...
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Divergence of integrals in the trace formula
I am trying to understand the following situation for $G=GL(2)$, when going from the compact trace formula to the non-compact case.
The integral over $G(\mathbb{A})^1_\gamma \backslash G(\mathbb{A})^1$...
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Determinant of SU(N) elements, and radius of associated manifold
I'm wondering if the fact $SU(2)$ group elements have $det = 1$ is connected with the radius of the unitary $S^{3}$ manifold associated.
The context is demonstration of dU being an Haar invariant ...
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0
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Double quotient integral formula on $\Gamma \backslash G /K$
Let $G=\text{SL}(n,\mathbb R)$, $\Gamma=\text{SL}(n,\mathbb Z)$ and $K=\text{SO}(n,\mathbb R)$. Consider the double coset space $X= \Gamma \backslash G /K$ and its fundamental domain $\mathcal F\...
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Calculation of first correction to Selberg type integral
$\DeclareMathOperator\U{U}\DeclareMathOperator\SU{SU}\DeclareMathOperator\Tr{Tr}\DeclareMathOperator\arcsinh{arcsinh}$Let $U \in G$, where $G$ is $\SU(N)$ matrix.
$\Tr U$ will denote the character ...
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Is svd of a Gaussian iid matrix corresponds to Haar measure on the Stiefel manifold?
I want to draw a matrix $A\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times k}$ uniformally at random from the Stiefel manifold $\mathbb{V}_k(\mathbb{R}^n)$, that is from the collection of all $n\times k$ matrices $A$ such ...
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Formulation of $p$-adic Haar measure decomposition
$\DeclareMathOperator\GL{GL}\DeclareMathOperator\vol{vol}\DeclareMathOperator\diag{diag}$Suppose:
$F$ is a non-archimedean local field,
$\mathcal{O} \subset F$ its ring of integers,
$\pi \in \mathcal{...
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Integration with respect to Haar measures normalised over a subspace
Coming from physics I have come across the following integral over a haar measure (for $U$ unitary as an example) for something I am trying to determine for my work
$\int_{\mathcal{U}(d)} \frac{\...
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Direct proof that $g_t=\text{diag}(e^{t/m}I_m,e^{-t/n}I_n)$'s action on $\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbb R)/{\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbb Z)}$ is ergodic
I wonder if there are any direct proof that $g_t=\operatorname{diag}(e^{t/m}I_m,e^{-t/n}I_n)$'s action on $\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbb R)/{\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbb Z)}$ is ergodic (or even stronger,...
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Haar measure on a quotient, References for
I remember reading Weil's "Basic Number Theory" and giving up after a while. Now I find myself thinking of it (thanks to some comments by Ben Linowitz).
Right from the very beginning, Weil ...
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Question about the inverse operator on PSL(2,R) with respect to Liouville measure
In GTM 259 chapter 9 and Katok Hasselbaltt Introduction to Modern Theory of Dynamical System chapter 5 (using the Iwasawa KAN decomposition)
we see the Unit Tangent bundle of Hyperbolic half plane is ...
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Measure on real Grassmannians
OK, so I'm reading about this nice measure you can define on a (real) Grassmannian on Wikipedia. Basically, and to save you the trip through the link, consider the Haar measure $\theta$ on $O(n)$, fix ...
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Question about squaring a Haar random unitary
Consider an $n \times n$ unitary $U$, drawn from the Haar measure. I'm trying to find the distribution for $U^{2}$. Is it true that $U^{2}$ is also Haar random?
Note that for any fixed unitary $V$, $...
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Biased ensemble in the unitary group
I am interested in studying the ensemble of unitary random matrices in $U(L)$ made as follows
$$
\mu(U)=\frac{1}{\mathcal{Z}[\omega]}\mu_{\rm Haar}(U) e^{-\sum_{k=1}^L \sum_{l=1}^N \omega_k |U_{kl}|^2}...
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Distribution of top left block from unitary symmetric matrices
If $U$ is a $N\times N$ random unitary matrix uniformly distributed with respect to Haar measure, a $M\times M$ block $A$ from it has distribution given by
$$ \det(1-AA^\dagger)^{N-2M}.$$
If $O$ is a $...
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The (last step of the) proof that the set of badly approximable matrices has measure zero
An $m \times n$ matrix $A$ is called badly approximable if there exists $c > 0$ such that for all integer vectors $p \in \mathbb Z^m$ and $q \in \mathbb Z^n-\{0\}$ we have
$$ \|A q + p \| \ge c \| ...
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Extending the product measure on $2^\omega$
Consider the standard completed product measure $P$ on $\Omega=\{0,1\}^\omega$ corresponding to an i.i.d. sequence of fair coin-flips.
Given $n\in\omega$, let $\rho_n$ be the bijection of $\Omega$ ...
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1
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Convergence of measure of products of random unitaries
I'm trying to read Convergence conditions for random quantum circuits by Emerson, Livine, Llyod (https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.72.060302), arXiv version: (https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0503210) ...
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Integrals of the type $\delta(g^{n})$ on $\mathrm{SU}(2)$
I posted this question previously to MathSE. However, I have still not solved it, so lets try to ask it here. When doing some calculations with spin-foam models for 3d quantum gravity for some ...
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Existence of orthonormal basis for $L^2(G)$ in $C_c(G)$
Remark: I cross-posted this question on MSE and added a bounty to it.
Suppose that $G$ is a locally compact (Hausdorff) group endowed with the Haar measure. It is well-known that the compactly ...
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A 'projective' property of the Haar U(n) measure
Let $U(n)$ be the compact manifold of unitary $(n \times n)$-matrices and let $\mu_n$ denote the Haar-probability measure on $U(n)$. For $m < n$ does there exists a measurable (maybe even ...
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Can the degree of $k$-nilpotence of a simple simply connected compact Lie group be in $(0,1)$?
Let $G$ be a simple (i.e. every proper normal subgroup is discrete) simply connected compact Lie group. Define the degree of $k$-nilpotence of $G$ to be the Haar measure of the set
$$\{(x_1,\dotsc,x_{...
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Only Zariski-closed subsets of compact Lie groups with nonempty interior have nonzero measure
In this question, the following fact was used by the respondent
A Zariski-closed subset of a compact Lie group $G$ with nonzero Haar
measure contains a coset of $G^0$, the connected component of
$G$ ...
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1
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When does the measure integral of the form $\int_{\log(S)} f d \mu$ exist?
When does the measure integral of the form $\int_{\log(S)} f d \mu$ exist ?
Here $\mu$ can be any measure (Lebesgue, Borel, Haar etc), $f$ is a measurable function, $S$ is any measurable set with ...
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Invariant measure on affine charts of complex Grassmannian
Consider the complex Grassmannian $U(n)/U(k)\times U(n-k)$ with it's $U(n)$-invariant measure. The affine chart corresponding to $i_1, \ldots, i_k$ is given by $n\times k$ matrices for which the ...
4
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Haar integral of rational function of unitaries
I'm trying to compute the following Haar integral over the unitary group:
$$
\int\limits_{\mathbb{U}(d)}\dfrac{1}{\sum_{k,l=1}^d u_{ik}\overline{u_{il}}c_{kl}}dU.
$$ Is there anything known about the ...
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1
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For what LCH groups is the Haar measure $\mu(U x U)$ bounded?
Let $G$ be a locally compact Hausdorff (LCH) topological group with left Haar measure $\mu$. Given a compact unit neighborhood $U$, consider the function
$$
\Phi: \quad G \to (0,\infty), \quad x \...
19
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2
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Haar measures in Solovay's model
Haar measure is a measure on locally compact abelian groups which is invariants to translations. For example, the Lebesgue measure on the reals is such measure.
It can be shown without the use of the ...
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Hopf algebra that is unimodular and counimodular but not involutory
I'm looking for a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra (over any field) that is unimodular, has unimodular dual, but is not involutory. Is there such a thing?
Here's what I know:
By Radford's formula, the ...