Questions tagged [gn.general-topology]
Continuum theory, point-set topology, spaces with algebraic structure, foundations, dimension theory, local and global properties.
4,431
questions
4
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0
answers
386
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Topology on the space of Borel measures
Let $ B $ be the set of all measures $ \phi $ of $ \mathbf{R}^{n} $ such that every open set is $ \phi $-measurable (sometimes these measures are called Borel measures). Note the measures in $ B $ are ...
5
votes
1
answer
804
views
Metrizability of the space of probability measures endowed with the topology of setwise convergence
Let $X$ be a separable completely metrizable space, let $\mathscr{B}(X)$ denote the Borel $\sigma$-algebra on $X$, and let $\mathscr{P}(X)$ denote the space of all probability measures on $(X, \...
7
votes
1
answer
439
views
Product of limit $\sigma$-algebras
Let $X$ and $Y$ be Polish (i.e. Borel subsets of separable completely metrizable) spaces. For a Polish space $Z$, let $\mathscr{S}(Z)$ denote the limit $\sigma$-algebra on $Z$, i.e. the smallest $\...
-3
votes
2
answers
6k
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Continuous map from $\mathbb R^2$ to $\mathbb R$? [closed]
There must be a map from $\mathbb R^2$ to $\mathbb R$, since they are the same cardinality. But is there a construction for a continuous map from $\mathbb R^2$ to $\mathbb R$?
I guess what I mean is ...
5
votes
0
answers
225
views
Do $G_\delta$-measurable maps preserve dimension?
This question (in a bit different form) I leaned from Olena Karlova.
Question. Let $f:X\to Y$ be a bijective continuous map between metrizable separable spaces such that for every open set $U\subset ...
0
votes
0
answers
819
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Meaning of Regular Neighborhood for Homology Basis Curves in $S_{g,2}$
I have been trying to understand the meaning of the expression "regular neighborhood" in the context described below, but I'm stuck:
We have a collection of curves $c_i$ for $i=1,2,..,n$ embedded in ...
35
votes
2
answers
3k
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"Transitivity" of the Stone-Cech compactification
Let $\beta \mathbb{N}$ be the Stone-Cech compactification of the natural numbers $\mathbb{N}$, and let $x, y \in \beta \mathbb{N} \setminus \mathbb{N}$ be two non-principal elements of this ...
9
votes
1
answer
748
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Abstract result on partitions of unity?
A motivation: The classical Stone-Weierstrass theorem says that polynomials are dense among continuous functions (say, on the unit interval), while the abstract Stone-Weierstrass theorem (and also the ...
3
votes
2
answers
588
views
Is it true that all sphere bundles are some double of disk bundle?
Let's consider a smooth sphere bundle over a smooth manifold with structure group is equal to the diffeomorphism group of sphere. Then, can we say that this is a double of some disk bundle? Thank you ...
2
votes
0
answers
62
views
Dual equivalence for multioperators
This is a reference request question. But let's start with a few definitions.
Let $L$ and $M$ be two bounded lattices. A multioperator $p$ for $L$ and $M$ is an application $$p : L \to Ft(M)^{op}$$ ...
3
votes
2
answers
590
views
SU(2) representations of alternating knot groups
Suppose that $K$ is an $\textit{alternating}$ knot in $S^3$, and let $R_0$ be the space of homomorphisms from $\pi_1(S^3 - K)\to SU(2)$ which send meridians to trace free matrices. Denote the subset ...
37
votes
1
answer
2k
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What is the meaning of this analogy between lattices and topological spaces?
Let me add one more edit to help explain why this is a serious question. Theorem 5 below is a sort of lattice version of Urysohn's lemma, and it has essentially the same proof. Theorem 6, the famous ...
5
votes
1
answer
415
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When is there an unbounded tower in $[\mathbb{N}]^\infty$?
(Edit: I'm splitting the question, leaving here only what is answered by Ashutosh, and moving the rest to another question.)
This question assumes familiarity with combinatorial cardinal ...
4
votes
2
answers
565
views
Some examples of clean topological spaces
I asked this question at MSE but I did not received any answer, so I repeat it here at MO:
What is an example of a Hausdorff topological space $X$, not a singleton, such that the ring $C(X)$...
33
votes
4
answers
2k
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Connectedness in the language of path-connectedness
Is there a topological space $(C,\tau_C)$ and two points $c_0\neq c_1\in C$ such that the following holds?
A space $(X,\tau)$ is connected if and only if for all $x,y\in X$ there is a ...
0
votes
0
answers
85
views
Right split for homomorphism onto $S_\infty$
Let $G$ be a closed subgroup of $S_\infty$ and let $f:G\rightarrow S_\infty$ be a continuous surjective homomorphism. Under which conditions $f$ has a right split, i.e. there exists some $g:S_\infty\...
1
vote
0
answers
179
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$\mathbb E$-descent maps in topological spaces in terms of different sites?
The paper Facets of Descent I by Janelidze and Tholen defines $\mathbb E$-descent maps as those for which $\Phi^p:\mathbb EB\longrightarrow \mathsf{Des}_\mathbb{E}(p)$ is an equivalence of categories.
...
10
votes
1
answer
975
views
Open (resp., closed) balls homeomorphic to open (resp., closed) discs on the plane
Let $\Sigma$ be a compact (smooth) surface, with a geodesic metric $d$ (compatible with the topology of $\Sigma$).
Let $x \in \Sigma$, and suppose you have the following: for every $r<1$,
the open ...
1
vote
0
answers
84
views
The role of absolute continuity in stochastic ordering defined over sets of probability distributions
This question is about a claim given in this paper (page 261, the remark), but without any proof.
It simply says that if two sets of probability distributions, $\mathscr{P}_0$ and $\mathscr{P}_1$ (...
7
votes
1
answer
291
views
What is the height (or depth) of $[\mathbb{N}]^\infty$?
(This question assumes familiarity with combinatorial cardinal characteristics of the continnum.)
Let $[\mathbb{N}]^\infty$ be the family of infinite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$,
partially ordered by $\...
8
votes
2
answers
664
views
Topological characterization of injective metric spaces
Let $\ (X\ d)\ \,(Y\ \delta)\ $ be arbitrary metric spaces. A function $\ f:X\rightarrow Y\ $ is called a metric map (with respect to the given metrics $\ d\ \delta$) $\ \Leftarrow:\Rightarrow\ \...
-5
votes
1
answer
482
views
For every proximity, does there exist a uniformity which generates this proximity?
For every proximity, does there exist a uniformity which generates this proximity?
This question may be generalized for different generalizations of proximities and uniformities. In fact I need it ...
2
votes
3
answers
558
views
Topological properties for which bijectively related imply homeomorphism
In this post I give examples of topological spaces for which bijectively relations imply existence of an homeomorphism. Namely:
Intervals of the real line.
Compact spaces.
I also give a ...
17
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Topological spaces whose continuous image is always closed
If $X$ a topological space one says that $X$ is universally closed if for every Hausdorff space $Y$ and every (continuous) map $f:X\rightarrow Y$, the image of $X$ is a closed subset of $Y$.
It is ...
2
votes
1
answer
151
views
Surniversal spaces
Basic background
On one hand there is a complete result: $\,\ $for every non-negative integer $n$ there exists an $n$-dimensional compact metric space $M^n$ such that it contains a homeomorphic image ...
2
votes
1
answer
285
views
Snake-like continua and universal images
Among the Hausdorff compact spaces the closed interval is the simplest snake-like continuum. I'll present the definition after stating the problem.
The snake-like continua $\ S\ $ are universal ...
8
votes
2
answers
1k
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Link between the hairy ball theorem and the fundamental theorem of algebra
I read in the book "Concepts of modern mathematics" by Ian Stewart that it was possible to proof the fundamental theorem of algebra using the hairy ball theorem (complete reference to the page is in ...
4
votes
1
answer
213
views
Minimal zero-dimensional Hausdorff spaces
A topological space $(X,\tau)$ is said to be zero-dimensional Hausdorff (zdH) if for $x\neq y\in X$ there is $C\subseteq X$ clopen (closed and open) such that $x\in C$, but $y\notin C$.
We say a zdH ...
3
votes
1
answer
106
views
Topology with no direct lower neighbor
Given any poset $(P,\leq)$ and $x, y\in P$ we set $[x,y] = \{p\in P: x\leq p \leq y\}$. For any set $X$, let $\text{Top}(X)$ denote the set of topologies on $X$. The set $\text{Top}(X)$ is a complete ...
9
votes
2
answers
522
views
A question about the dispersion points of connected metric spaces
Let $C$ be an infinite, separable and connected metric space. If $C$ becomes totally disconnected when one of its points $p\in C$ is removed, does every closed ball of $C$ with
positive radius and ...
4
votes
0
answers
133
views
Intuition for universal quotient maps
The universal quotient maps are precisely the descent morphisms in the category of topological spaces. In some papers of Janelidze, Tholen, Sobral, and Reiterman (see for instance Reiterman-Tholen), ...
8
votes
1
answer
224
views
Embedding abelian cancellative Hausdorff topological semigroups into abelian Hausdorff topological groups
An abelian cancellative semigroup embeds (via a semigroup monomorphism) into an abelian group. What about an abelian cancellative Hausdorff topological semigroup that does not embed (via a ...
3
votes
1
answer
3k
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Extension of continuous and smooth functions
Let us consider any subset $U \subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$. By definition, a function $f: U \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^m$ is smooth if, for every $x \in U$, there exist an open neighbourhood $\Omega_{x}$ of $x$...
4
votes
3
answers
343
views
End points of continua
Whyburn (1942) defined an end point $x$ of a continuum $X$ to be any point having arbitrarily small neighborhoods each of whose boundaries contains a single point. Thus, he defines an end point ...
23
votes
1
answer
2k
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Is the normal bundle of a torus trivial?
Question:
Let $T^k \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$, $ n > k$, be a smoothly embedded $k$-torus. Is its normal bundle trivial?
What about the normal bundle of $S^k \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$, $n > k$, the $...
2
votes
1
answer
357
views
Applications of topology to discrete dynamical systems?
I'd like to know some of the applications of topology to discrete dynamics. By discrete dynamics I loosely mean studying maps between discrete sets.
I mean cases where adding a topology to the sets ...
3
votes
1
answer
324
views
Local "pathologies" in spaces arising naturally in algebraic topology
I have been thinking about methods for constructing continuous paths locally in a space. These paths have domain the unit interval and map into "small" neighborhoods of points in a space. Moreover ...
1
vote
1
answer
117
views
Lower neighbors in the lattice of topologies
Given any poset $(P,\leq)$ and $x, y\in P$ we set $[x,y) = \{p\in P: x\leq p < y\}$, and $(x,y]$ is defined in an analogous manner. For any set $X$, let $\text{Top}(X)$ denote the set of topologies ...
19
votes
0
answers
918
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What is the Cantor-Bendixson rank of the space of first order theories?
Let $L$ be the language $\{R\}$ containing a single binary relation symbol. Consider the space $S_0(L)$ of complete, first-order $L$-theories. This is a seperable, compact Hausdorff space; what is its ...
4
votes
1
answer
114
views
"Discrete jumps" in the collection of all topologies on a set $X$
Given any poset $(P,\leq)$ and $x, y\in P$ we set $[x,y] = \{p\in P: x\leq p \leq y\}$. For any set $X$, let $\text{Top}(X)$ denote the set of topologies on $X$. The set $\text{Top}(X)$ is a complete ...
1
vote
2
answers
202
views
Smooth, irreducible surface with real part containing two projective planes
Let $X$ be a smooth and irreducible projective variety over $\mathbb{R}$ of dimension two. I am looking for an instance of such a variety where two distinct connected components of $X(\mathbb{R})$ are ...
1
vote
1
answer
138
views
Intersections of families of open sets ordered by well-inside relation in Euclidean space
Let $\langle\mathbf{R}^n,\mathscr{O}\rangle$ be the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space. Define $\mathbf{Q}\subseteq\mathcal{P}(\mathscr{O})$ to consist of all sets $\mathsf{Q}$ which simultanously ...
2
votes
1
answer
278
views
Measurability of integrals with respect to different measures
Let $Y$ be a locally compact Hausdorff topological space (further assumptions like metrizability, separability, etc., may be added if necessary) and let $\mathscr Y$ denote the Borel $\sigma$-algebra ...
6
votes
3
answers
644
views
When does the generalized Cantor space embed in a $\kappa$-compact space
The generalized Cantor space is the space $2^\kappa$, with basic open sets
$$
[\sigma] := \{f\in 2^\kappa : \sigma\subseteq f\},
$$
for $\sigma\in 2^{<\kappa}$.
A space is $\kappa$-compact if ...
5
votes
1
answer
385
views
Cardinality of connected Hausdorff topologies
Let $X$ be an infinite set and let $C(X)$ denote the collection of connected Hausdorff topologies on $X$. Suppose $N\subseteq C(X)$ has the property that whenever $\tau\neq\sigma \in N$ then $(X,\tau)$...
9
votes
1
answer
381
views
New separation axiom?
I am looking for the name and notation of the following separation axiom , temporarily denoted by $T_i$ (where $i=\sqrt{-1}$ is the imaginary unit):
Axiom $T_i$: For any point $x$ of a topological ...
6
votes
1
answer
207
views
Can There be Rudin-Keisler Immediate Sucessors?
There are several well-studied orderings on the set $\omega^*$ of ultrafilters on the natural numbers. Three popular ones are $\le_i$ for $i = 1,2,3$. We define $\mathcal U \le_i \mathcal V$ to mean ...
7
votes
1
answer
1k
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Minimal conditions for the exponential law for compact-open topologies
What are the minimal conditions on three topological spaces $X,Y$ and $Z$ such that with the compact-open topology the map
$${(X^Y)}^Z \to X^{Y \times Z}$$
given by taking adjoints is a homeomorpism....
1
vote
1
answer
579
views
Partition of Real Number [closed]
Can the set of Real numbers be partioned into two parts such that both are uncountable,dense and have empty interior and any closed interval intersects both at uncountably many points?
16
votes
2
answers
944
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$\mathfrak{ufo}$: An unidentified combinatorial cardinal characteristic of the continuum?
An ultrafilter ornament is a chain of free filters on $\mathbb{N}$ that are not ultrafilters, whose union is an ultrafilter.
Let $\mathfrak{ufo}$ be the minimal cardinality of
an ultrafilter ...