Questions tagged [galois-representations]

The term Galois representation is frequently used when the G-module is a vector space over a field or a free module over a ring, but can also be used as a synonym for G-module. The study of Galois modules for extensions of local or global fields is an important tool in number theory.

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What are the local Langlands conjectures nowadays, for connected reductive groups over a $p$-adic field?

Let me stress that I am only interested in $p$-adic fields in this question, for reasons that will become clear later. Let me also stress that in some sense I am basically assuming that the reader ...
Kevin Buzzard's user avatar
44 votes
2 answers
3k views

What are the possible motivic Galois groups over $\mathbb Q$?

Let $E$ be a motive over $\mathbb Q$. (I should precise, that by a motive I mean here a pure motive over $\mathbb Q$, with coefficients in $\mathbb Q$, that I see here as a conjectural object which ...
Joël's user avatar
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41 votes
2 answers
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Introductory text on Galois representations

Could someone please recommend a good introductory text on Galois representations? In particular, something that might help with reading Serre's "Abelian l-Adic Representations and Elliptic Curves" ...
36 votes
1 answer
9k views

Fontaine-Mazur for GL_1

For any number field $K$, the Fontaine-Mazur conjecture predicts that any potentially semistable $p$-adic representation of the absolute Galois group $G_K$ of $K$ that is almost everywhere unramified ...
Peter Scholze's user avatar
36 votes
1 answer
1k views

What is the smallest group not known to be a Galois group over $\mathbb{Q}$?

$\DeclareMathOperator\SL{SL}\DeclareMathOperator\PSL{PSL}$What is the smallest group not known to be a Galois group over $\mathbb{Q}$? Variants have been asked here before (e.g. Which small finite ...
Joachim König's user avatar
35 votes
1 answer
2k views

The modularity theorem as a special case of the Bloch-Kato conjecture

In the homepage for the CRM's special semester this year, I found the interesting statement that the modularity theorem (formerly the Taniyama-Shimura-Weil conjecture) is a special case of the Bloch-...
Anton Hilado's user avatar
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33 votes
2 answers
2k views

nonabelian reciprocity law

I heard the following relation in a talk by Peter Scholze. Could someone explain "in a simple way" what is the precise relation between the polynomial $x^4-7x^2-3x+1 $ and the integral homology of the ...
Moris's user avatar
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31 votes
2 answers
3k views

Number theory textbook based on the absolute Galois group?

I've just finished reading Ash and Gross's Fearless Symmetry, a wonderful little pop mathematics book on, among other things, Galois representations. The book made clear a very interesting ...
31 votes
1 answer
5k views

Modern proof of Serre's open image theorem?

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over a number field $K$ without complex multiplication. Serre's open image theorem (which appears in his book 'Abelian $l$-Adic Representations and Elliptic Curves'...
Adam Harris's user avatar
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31 votes
2 answers
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Elementary Aspects of Galois Deformation

Galois deformations are an important tool in Wiles' arsenal for proving FLT. Are there any more elementary aspects (I'm thinking of 1-dimensional Galois representations attached to number fields) ...
Franz Lemmermeyer's user avatar
30 votes
1 answer
3k views

Iwasawa main conjectures vs Bloch-Kato conjectures

Let $p$ be a prime, $K$ be a number field, $S$ a finite set of finite places of $K$ containing the set $S_p$ of places above $p$ and the places at infinity, $G:=G_{K,S}$ the Galois group of the ...
Joël's user avatar
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29 votes
2 answers
2k views

Does the image of a p-adic Galois representation always lie in a finite extension?

I have been looking at Serre's conjecture and noticed that there are two conventions in the literature for a p-adic representation $\rho:\mbox{Gal}(\bar{\mathbb Q}/\mathbb Q)\to \mbox{GL}(n,V).$ In ...
Johnson-Leung's user avatar
28 votes
1 answer
3k views

Are there Maass forms where the expected Galois representation is $\ell$-adic?

Recall that by theorems of Deligne and Deligne--Serre, there is the following dichotomy: Modular forms on the upper half plane of level $N$ and weight $k\geq 2$ correspond to representations $\rho:\...
John Pardon's user avatar
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28 votes
1 answer
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Is there a "Langlands philosophy" reason for the fact that the L-function of the Jacobi theta function is (almost) the Riemann zeta function?

The Jacobi theta function $\theta(z) = 1 + 2 \sum_{n = 1}^\infty q^{n^2}$, with $q = e^{\pi i z}$ is a (twisted) modular form with weight $1/2$. It has an associated $L$-function $L(\theta, s) = \sum_{...
dorebell's user avatar
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26 votes
6 answers
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Where can I find a comprehensive list of equations for small genus modular curves?

Does there exist anywhere a comprehensive list of small genus modular curves $X_G$, for G a subgroup of GL(2,Z/(n))$? (say genus <= 2), together with equations? I'm particularly interested in genus ...
David Zureick-Brown's user avatar
25 votes
2 answers
5k views

Status of Fontaine-Mazur conjecture

In the language of Richard Taylor's 2004 (extended) ICM article (''Galois Representations'', Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse (2004) Tome XIII, no. 1, 73-119), the conjecture is the ...
Stiofán Fordham's user avatar
23 votes
3 answers
4k views

Subgroups of GL(2,q)

I have been wondering about something for a while now, and the simplest incarnation of it is the following question: Find a finite group that is not a subgroup of any $GL_2(q)$. Here, $GL_2(q)$ is ...
Bertie Wooster's user avatar
23 votes
2 answers
2k views

Even Galois representations "mod p"

Consider an irreducible $\mathrm{mod}$ $p$ representation: $$\rho: \mathrm{Gal}(\bar{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q})\to\mathrm{GL}_2(\bar{\mathbb{F}}_p)$$ If $\rho$ is odd, it was conjectured by Serre in ...
Myshkin's user avatar
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23 votes
0 answers
788 views

Eichler-Shimura over Totally Real Fields

By Eichler-Shimura over totally real fields I mean the following conjecture. Conjecture. Let $K$ be a totally real field. Let $f$ be a Hilbert eigenform with rational eigenvalues, of parallel weight $...
Siksek's user avatar
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22 votes
2 answers
3k views

$p$-adic Langlands correspondence

Basic question: Is it correct that the $p$-adic Langlands correspondence is known for $GL_2$ only over $Q_p$ but not other $p$-adic fields? If so, I would like to request some light to be shed on this ...
SGP's user avatar
  • 3,847
22 votes
3 answers
2k views

One dimensional (phi,Gamma)-modules in char p

I would like to better understand the simplest case of the correspondence between Galois representations and (phi,Gamma)-modules. Namely, consider 1-dimensional Galois representations of $G_{Q_p}$ ...
sibilant's user avatar
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22 votes
1 answer
3k views

The difficulties in proving modularity lifting theorems over non-totally real fields

First of all, let me apologize in advance for the terseness of this question. It seems that by now there are well-developed techniques (the "Taylor-Wiles-Kisin" method) for proving modularity lifting ...
David Hansen's user avatar
21 votes
1 answer
2k views

Cohomology of Shimura varieties and coherent sheaves on the stack of Langlands parameters

In Zhu's Coherent sheaves on the stack of Langlands parameters theorem 4.7.1 relates the cohomology of the moduli stack of shtukas to global sections of a certain sheaf on the stack of global ...
Anton Hilado's user avatar
  • 3,269
21 votes
1 answer
2k views

Fontaine's rings of periods

I've been trying lately to understand Fontaine's rings of periods, $B_{\mathrm{dR}}$, $B_{\mathrm{cris}}$, etc. However, I have a really hard time understanding and appreciating how to think about and ...
Daniel Larsson's user avatar
20 votes
1 answer
998 views

Status of conjectures in Serre's 1969 expose on Galois representations on l-adic cohomology

In [S]: Serre, Jean-Pierre. Facteurs locaux des fonctions zeta des varietes algebriques (definitions et conjectures), Seminaire Delange-Pisot-Poitou, 1969-70 Serre presents nine conjectures *C*$_1$...
Kestutis Cesnavicius's user avatar
19 votes
2 answers
2k views

Applications of Artin's holomorphy conjecture

I wonder why the Artin conjecture is so important. The only reason I could figure out is that one could use the holomorphy of Artin L-series and Weil's converse theorem to show modularity of two-...
user avatar
19 votes
3 answers
2k views

Bhargava's work on the BSD conjecture

How much would Bhargava's results on BSD improve if finiteness of the Tate-Shafarevich group, or at least its $\ell$-primary torsion for every $\ell$, was known? Would they improve to the point of ...
user avatar
19 votes
0 answers
1k views

Mumford-Tate conjecture for mixed Tate motives

Let $X$ be a (not necessarily smooth or proper) variety over a number field $k$. Suppose we are given A subquotient $V_{dR}$ of the algebraic de Rham cohomology $H_{dR}^i(X)$ (defined in the non-...
Daniel Litt's user avatar
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19 votes
0 answers
2k views

A question in Fontaine--Laffaille theory

Let $K$ be finite unramified extension of $\mathbf{Q}_p$ with ring of integers $W$. Let ${\rm MF}$ be the category of strongly divisible $W$-modules $M$ with ${\rm Fil}^0M=M$ and ${\rm Fil}^{p-1}M=0$. ...
Anonymous's user avatar
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18 votes
1 answer
2k views

Galois representations attached to Maass form

So, how does one construct a galois representation from a Maass form? For a modular cusp eigenform, I am familiar with the work of Eichler-Shimura, Deligne, Deligne-Serre, and realize these are ...
Dror Speiser's user avatar
  • 4,563
18 votes
1 answer
5k views

About isogeny theorem for elliptic curves

$K$ a number field, $G_K$ its Galois group, $E_1, E_2$ two elliptic curves defined over $K$. The isogeny theorem says that if for some prime number $\ell$, The Tate modules (tensored with $\mathbb{Q}$)...
natura's user avatar
  • 1,503
18 votes
2 answers
2k views

Galois representations attached to newforms

Suppose that $f$ is a weight $k$ newform for $\Gamma_1(N)$ with attached $p$-adic Galois representation $\rho_f$. Denote by $\rho_{f,p}$ the restriction of $\rho_f$ to a decomposition group at $p$. ...
B. Cais's user avatar
  • 1,589
18 votes
1 answer
538 views

To what extent are modular parametrizations expected to generalize?

By the Modularity Theorem (a.k.a. the Shimura--Taniyama--Weil Conjecture), if $E$ is an elliptic curve over $\textbf{Q}$ with conductor $N$, then there exists a “modular parametrization” $\psi: X_0(N) ...
Miles Lake's user avatar
18 votes
1 answer
1k views

Why does $H^i(X_{ét},\mathbb{Q}_p)$ have a Hodge-Tate structure?

Let $X$ be a variety over a $p$-adic field $K$. Is there a simple or intuitive explanation of why the $G_K$ representation $H^i(X_{ét},\mathbb{Q}_p)$ is Hodge-Tate? More precisely, why do the powers ...
user10676's user avatar
  • 525
17 votes
1 answer
2k views

Representations attached to p-adic modular forms

A theorem of Gouvea and Hida (or rather a consequence of it) states that there exist a Galois representation attached to a $p$-adic eigenform $f$ provided the residual representation attached to a ...
Arijit's user avatar
  • 985
17 votes
2 answers
812 views

Understanding absolute Galois group from its representations

Background. A major theme of modern number theory is to study the absolute Galois group $\text{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb Q} / \mathbb Q)$. Galois representation theory attempts to understand $\text{Gal}(\...
Uzu Lim's user avatar
  • 821
17 votes
1 answer
2k views

How does the cohomology of the Lubin-Tate/Drinfeld tower fit into categorical p-adic local Langlands?

In conjecture 6.1.14 of this article, Emerton-Gee-Hellmann formulate the p-adic local Langlands conjecture, which posits the existence of a fully faithful functor from (the appropriate derived ...
Anton Hilado's user avatar
  • 3,269
17 votes
0 answers
998 views

Automorphic forms and coherent cohomology

Why is it (and what does it mean) that automorphic forms do not contribute in the coherent cohomology of Siegel modular varieties parametrizing abelian varieties of dimension $d>2$ (see section 7 ...
Anton Hilado's user avatar
  • 3,269
17 votes
0 answers
1k views

Special values of Artin L-functions

This question might be naive and might carry the heuristic that we are living in the best possible world a little too far. If so, I appreciate being told so. Background: Stark's conjecture interprets ...
Alex B.'s user avatar
  • 12.8k
16 votes
5 answers
677 views

Is every $GL_2(\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z})$-extension contained in some elliptic curve's torsion field?

I suppose this question could be phrased in terms of Galois representations, but I'm asking it this way. Let $n>1$ be an integer. If $K$ is a number field with $\operatorname{Gal}(K/\mathbb{Q}) ...
Bobby Grizzard's user avatar
16 votes
2 answers
2k views

Period rings for Galois representations

I have some questions concerning period rings for Galois representations. First, consider the case of $p$-adic representations of the absolute Galois group $G_K$, where $K$ denote a $p$-adic field. ...
A M's user avatar
  • 657
16 votes
2 answers
1k views

Obstructions to descend Galois invariant cycles

Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over $F$, and $E/F$ - finite Galois extension. There is an extension of scalars map $CH^\*(X) \to CH^\*(X_E)$. The image lands in the Galois invariant part of $...
Evgeny Shinder's user avatar
16 votes
0 answers
11k views

Deligne's letter to Jean-Pierre Serre

I'm looking for another letter of Pierre Deligne, this time to Jean-Pierre Serre (from around 1974 I think), in which he proves that the Galois representation associated to a certain Hecke eigenform ...
Przemyslaw Chojecki's user avatar
15 votes
2 answers
2k views

Does the p-adic Tate module of an elliptic curve with ordinary reduction decompose?

Let $K$ be a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ and $E$ an elliptic curve over $K$ with good ordinary reduction. The p-adic Tate module $T_p(E)$ is (after tensoring with $\mathbb{Q}_p$) a 2-...
Martin Orr's user avatar
  • 1,500
15 votes
2 answers
2k views

Are there known cases of the Mumford–Tate conjecture that do not use Abelian varieties?

(For a formulation of the Mumford–Tate conjecture, see below.) The question As far as I know, all non-trivial known cases of the Mumford–Tate conjecture more or less depend on the Mumford–Tate ...
jmc's user avatar
  • 5,434
15 votes
1 answer
929 views

When is the image of a 2-dim l-adic representation associated to a modular form open

I know the following theorems by Serre: 1, The 2-dim l-adic representation associated to a non-CM elliptic curve is open. 2, The 2-dim l-adic representation associated the weight-12 cusp form $\...
user42690's user avatar
  • 851
15 votes
2 answers
956 views

Explicit Chebotarev and Langlands - irreducibility of X^5-X-1 mod primes

Is there an explicit infinite set of primes, modulo which $X^5 - X - 1$ is irreducible? Since our polynomial's Galois group over $\mathbb{Q}$ is $S_5$, Chebotarev's density theorem implies that there ...
Pablo's user avatar
  • 11.2k
15 votes
1 answer
1k views

What is the classification of characters in $p$-adic Hodge theory?

Let $K$ be a $p$-adic field and $\chi : Gal_K \rightarrow \mathbb{Q}_p^\times$ be a character. I know that $\chi$ is Hodge-Tate of weight $0$ iff $\chi(I_K)$ is finite (by Sen's theory), and that it ...
user10676's user avatar
  • 525
15 votes
1 answer
1k views

If the tensor product of two representations are crystalline, are the original representations crystalline?

Let $K$ be a finite extension of the $p$-adic numbers. Suppose that $V$ and $W$ are two (finite dimensional, $p$-adic) continuous representations of $G_K$. Suppose that $V \otimes W$ is crystalline. ...
user avatar
15 votes
1 answer
1k views

What are the strongest conjectured uniform versions of Serre's Open Image Theorem?

This question concerns the uniform conjectured effective versions and generalizations of these two results of Serre on $\ell$-adic Galois representations $\rho_{E,\ell}$ associated to a non-CM ...
Bobby Grizzard's user avatar

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