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I have been wondering about something for a while now, and the simplest incarnation of it is the following question: Find a finite group that is not a subgroup of any $GL_2(q)$. Here, $GL_2(q)$ is ...

Let $E$ and $E'$ be non-isogenous elliptic curves over a field $k$ (characteristic 0) such that $Gal(k(E[p^{\infty}])/k)=Gal(k(E'[p^{\infty}])/k) = SL_2(\mathbb{Z}_p)$ with $p \geq 5$ (where $E[p^{\...