Questions tagged [free-probability]

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What does a product of many Gaussian matrices converge to?

Let $A$ be a product of $n$ $d\times d$ matrices with IID standard Gaussian entries and consider the value of $g(x)=x f(x)$ where $f(x)$ is the density of squared singular values of $A/\|A\|$. Is ...
Yaroslav Bulatov's user avatar
8 votes
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C* algebras of free semicircular systems

It was shown by Pimsner and Voiculescu in 1982 that the reduced group $C^{*}$-algebras $C^{*}_{r}(\mathbb{F}_{n})$ and $C^{*}_{r}(\mathbb{F}_{m})$ are isomorphic if and only if $n = m$ (here, $\mathbb{...
Mike Hartglass's user avatar
6 votes
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Relationship between R-transform and free convolution of random matrices?

I've been using the R-transform to calculate the free convolution of the eigenvalue spectra of two random matrices and I am trying to understand how it works, and in particular how it relates to ...
Jiahao Chen's user avatar
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5 votes
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Determinant bounded away from zero

Suppose $P(A_1,\dots,A_k,A_1^{-1},\dots,A_k^{-1})$ is a noncommutative polynomial with positive coefficients. We may then consider the map $g:U(n)^k\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ from the unitary group $U(n)$,...
user447643's user avatar
4 votes
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223 views

Recursive formula for joint moments in free probability

Suppose $\mathfrak{A}$ is an algebra (over $\mathbb{C}$, let's say), $\phi$ a linear functional on $\mathfrak{A}$, and $A_1, A_2 \subset \mathfrak{A}$ subalgebras which are $\phi$-freely independent. ...
Dave Gaebler's user avatar
4 votes
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330 views

What is 'arch' in Vershik-Kerov's 1984 paper?

In their 1984 paper Asymptotic of the Largest and the Typical Dimensions of Irreducible Representations of a Symmetric Group, Vershik and Kerov use the notation $\DeclareMathOperator{\arch}{arch}\arch ...
Zatrapilla's user avatar
3 votes
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Explaning why the spectrum of a setting simple structure random matrix is always spiked ($d-1$ eigenvalues close to zero, and $1$ away from zero)

For concreteness, let $m=500$, $d=600$, $N=1000$. Let $W$ be and $d \times m$ matrix with unit-norm rows and let $u$ be a uni-norm vector of length $m$. Given a binary vector $b$ of length $m$, length ...
dohmatob's user avatar
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3 votes
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227 views

Using linearization trick (free probability) to compute limiting singular-value density of $R=XY+Z+A$ (or equivalently, of $RR^\top$)

Disclaimer. I only started learning the subject of free probability $1$ day ago, and I'm still trying to absorb the fundamentals, while applying them to my own specific problems arizing in the ...
dohmatob's user avatar
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3 votes
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Uniqueness of the reduced free product of unital completely positive maps

For $1\leq i\leq n$, let $\psi_i$ be a faithful state on the C$^*$-algebra $A_i$ and $\phi_i$ be a faithful state on the C$^*$-algebra $B_i$. Let $(A,\psi) = *_{i=1}^n (A_i,\psi_i)$ and $(B, \phi) = *...
Chris Ramsey's user avatar
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Random matrices may be asymptotically free but never free themselves?

It is well known that independent $N\times N$ unitarily-invariant random matrices (or independent families of random matrices) may be asymptotically free as $N\to \infty$ with respect to the ...
user510187's user avatar
2 votes
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Limiting value of $\dfrac{1}{m}\mathrm{tr}(FAF^\top (FBF^\top)^{-1})$, where $F$ has iide $N(0,1)$ entries and $A,B$ are deterministic

Let $F=F_{m,d}$ be a random $m \times d$ matrix with iid entries from $N(0,1)$. Let $A=A_d$ and $B=B_d$ be deterministic $d \times d$ positive-definite matrices. In case it helps, it may be assumed ...
dohmatob's user avatar
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2 votes
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Asymptotic lower and upper bounds for the eigenvalues of hadamard product $W \circ W$, where $W$ is a large Wishart matrix

Let $n$ and $d$ be large positive integers with $n,d \to \infty$ such that $n/d \to \gamma \in (0,\infty)$. Let $X$ be a random $n \times d$ random matrix with iid copies of log-concave isotropic ...
dohmatob's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
362 views

High-probability lower bound for norm of least squares solution when both design matrix $X$ and response vector $y$ are random (and independent)

Let $n,d \to \infty$ with $n/d \to \gamma \in (0,\infty)$. Let $X$ be a random $n \times d$ matrix independent rows uniformly distributed on the the unit-sphere in $\mathbb R^d$ and let $y$ be a ...
dohmatob's user avatar
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2 votes
2 answers
152 views

How to analyze the value of convergence of functions of random matrices?

Consider a random i.i.d matrix $\mathbf{A}_{m\times n}$ with entries generated from a complex Gaussian distribution with zero mean and unit variance. I am interested in the large dimension analysis of ...
Math_Y's user avatar
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1 vote
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Moment method / genus expansion for random matrices with i.i.d. entries

Given a (say real) random matrix $M=(M_{i,j})_{1\leq i, j \leq N}$, the moments method consists in computing (the limits in $N$ of) the quantities $$ \mathbb{E} \left(\mathrm{tr} M^k\right)^{1/k}, $$ ...
Panda Jonas's user avatar
1 vote
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68 views

Limiting value of expectation of $\operatorname{tr}(BR(z))$, where $R(z) := (X^\top X - z I_d)^{-1}$ and $X \sim N_{n,d}(0,A)$

Let $A=A(d)$, and $B=B(d)$ be (sequences of) deterministic positive-definite $d \times d$ matrices and let $X$ be an $n \times d$ random matrix with iid rows from $N(0,A)$. Let $R$ be the resolvent of ...
dohmatob's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
53 views

Over a given finite field, how many couples of matrices there are, for which their minimal polynomials are co-prime?

Let ${\mathbb F}_{q}$ be a given finite field. How many couples of $n\times n$ matrices $\left(A,B\right)$ over ${\mathbb F}_{q}$, such that $\gcd\left(\mu_{A}\left(\lambda\right),\mu_{B}\left(\lambda\...
Yossi Peretz's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
188 views

Convergence in probability in the setting of free probability

Let $A_n$ and $B_n$ be sequences of positive-definite random matrices whose empirical spectral distributions converge to (possibly different) limiting spectral distributions $\mathcal A$ and $\mathcal ...
Apprentice's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
27 views

Limiting value of trace of resolvent matrix involving two independent Wishart random matrices

Let $n_1$, $n_2$, and $d$ be positive integers tending to infinity such that $$ d/n_k \to \phi_k \in (0,\infty). $$ Let $X_1 \in \mathbb R^{n_1 \times d}$ and $X_2^{n_2 \times d}$ be independent ...
dohmatob's user avatar
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0 votes
0 answers
42 views

Asymptotics of a certain trace involving random matrices with general elliptical covariance structure

Let $n,d,m$ be large positive integers that the ratios $d/n$ and $d/m$ are fixed in $(0,\infty)$. Let $G \in \mathbb R^{n \times d}$ and $S \in \mathbb R^{d \times m}$ be independent random matrices ...
dohmatob's user avatar
  • 6,716
0 votes
0 answers
85 views

Spectrally-weighted Stieltjes transform of random matrix $Z=XX^\top$ in terms of Stieltjes transform of $Z$ and the weighting function

Let $n$ and $d$ positive integers going to infinity such that $d/n \to \gamma \in (0,\infty)$. Let $X$ be a random $n \times d$ iid rows from $N(0,\Sigma)$, where $\Sigma = diag(\lambda_1,\ldots,\...
dohmatob's user avatar
  • 6,716
0 votes
0 answers
92 views

Distribution of the $k$-th largest eigenvalue of in the sample covariance matrix?

Let us assume we've a rectangular data matrix $X=[x_1 \dots x_n] \in \mathbb{R}^{p \times n}$, where the $x_i \in \mathbb{R}^{p \times 1}$ are iid column vectors. I'm not assuming here that the ...
Learning math's user avatar