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On distributions and kernels

Let $U\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}$ be an open set and consider $X=\mathbb{R}\times U$. Now, lets consider a smooth (regular) kernel $k_{A}\in C^{\infty}(X\times X)$ and corresponding continuous operator $A:...
G. Blaickner's user avatar
  • 1,429
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43 views

Distributions and time-kernels

Let $U\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}$ be an open subset and set $M:=I\times U$, where $I=(a,b)\subset\mathbb{R}$ is some open subset. Lets consider a linear operator $B:C^{\infty}_{c}(M)\to C^{\infty}(M)$ that ...
G. Blaickner's user avatar
  • 1,429
2 votes
0 answers
189 views

Smoothing property of the heat kernel on the one-dimensional torus

Let $G=G(x,t)$ be the heat kernel on the one-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^1,$ with $x \in \mathbb{T}^1$ and $t \in (0,T].$ $G$ is given by \begin{equation} G(x,t) = (4 \pi t)^{-1/2} \sum_{k \in \...
kumquat's user avatar
  • 185
2 votes
0 answers
102 views

Semiclassical limit of spectral gap of Schrödinger operators with nonsmooth potential

Let $\Omega$ be a connected compact subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$. It is well known that for a smooth potential $V:\Omega \to \mathbb{R}$ that has a unique nondegenerate minimum $V(0) = 0$, the operator $H ...
Lwins's user avatar
  • 1,551
2 votes
0 answers
83 views

3/2 Sobolev Norm on the boundary of a bounded open subset of $\Bbb R^n$

Let $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}$ be a open bounded set and $\partial\Omega$ be the boundary of $\Omega$. Following the reference text by Alois Kufner, Oldřich John and Svatopluk Fučík, Function ...
Himanshu Garg's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
103 views

A question from a proof of an inequality in Sobolev space $W^{1,1}$

I try to understand the proof the lemma given at page 54 in Ladyzhenskaya et al (1968) - Linear and Quasilinear Elliptic Equations. Here it is a screenshot: Here is what I did: $$-u(x)=u(y)-u(x)=\...
Bogdan's user avatar
  • 1,759
2 votes
0 answers
92 views

Sharp Sobolev trace inequalities on Riemannian manifolds with boundaries

For $n \geq3$, let $(M,g)$ be smooth $n$-dimensional, compact, Riemannian manifold with a smooth boundary. Then there exists some constant $A=A(M,g)>0$ such that, for all $u \in H^1(M)$ \begin{...
Arghya kundu's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
179 views

Reference request: Parabolic Schauder estimates for the heat equation with $f \in L^\infty$

Let us consider the heat equation $$\partial_t u - \Delta u = f(x, t) \quad \text{in }Q_R $$ where $Q_R = B_R \times (-R^2,0].$ I would like to know the kind of regularity we should expect of $u$ if ...
Falcon's user avatar
  • 452
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94 views

Nemytskij operator for Lebesgue variable UNBOUNDED exponent spaces

Let $f:\Omega\times\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ be a Caratheodory function (i.e. $f(x,\cdot)$ is continuous for a.a. $x\in\Omega$ and $f(\cdot,t)$ is measurable for all $t\in\mathbb{R}$), where $\Omega\...
Bogdan's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
84 views

Question about the Nemytsky operator on $L^p$ space

Let $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ be a bounded open set, $f:\Omega\times\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ be a Caratheodory function, i.e. $f(x,\cdot)$ is continuous for a.a. $x\in\Omega$ and $f(\cdot,t)$ is ...
Bogdan's user avatar
  • 1,759
2 votes
0 answers
137 views

Holder-Besov space and time continuity

Let $\mathbb{T}^d$ be the $d$-dimensional torus, $\mathscr{S}:=C^\infty(\mathbb{T}^d)$ the Schwartz space, $\mathscr{S}'$ the space of tempered distributions. We consider a dyadic partition of unity $(...
mathex's user avatar
  • 573
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0 answers
75 views

Regularity of solutions to an elliptic boundary value problem

Let $M = [1,\infty)\times S^2$. For an integer $k \geq 2$ and number $\tau<0$, define the space $L^2_{\tau}([1,\infty);H^k(S^2))$ to be all $H^k(S^2)$-valued functions $u$ on $[1,\infty)$ with $\...
Laithy's user avatar
  • 969
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138 views

Is $L^2([a,b]; L^2(S^2))$ the same as $L^2([a,b] \times S^2)$?

The space $L^2([a,b];L^2(S^2))$ is a Banach space with respect to the norm $$\left\Vert f \right\Vert_1^2 = \int_{a}^b \left\Vert f(r) \right\Vert_{L^2(S^2)}^2 dr$$ The space $L^2([a,b]\times S^2)$ ...
Laithy's user avatar
  • 969
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0 answers
103 views

What $1$-forms $\theta$ solve $\Delta \theta = f\theta$ for a smooth function $f$?

I have a seemingly basic question that I cannot find any literature on. Let $(M,g)$ be a smooth Riemannian manifold and let $\Delta:\Omega^1(M) \to \Omega^1(M)$ be the Laplace-De Rham operator on $1$-...
Julian Chaidez's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
138 views

Sufficient initial conditions for "non-local" PDE

I am studying a problem of the form $$i\, \partial_t \psi(t) = L \psi(t) + \int_0^t U(t-r) \psi(r) \, dr, \qquad \psi(0) = \psi_0,$$ where the evolution occurs in some Hilbert space, $L$ is a self-...
DerGalaxy's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
56 views

Fractional powers of Dirichlet-to-Neumann map to derive estimate for PDE

Assume $\Omega$ is an open, bounded subset of $\mathbb R^3$ with smooth boundary $\partial \Omega= \Gamma$. For $u \in H^{1/2}(\Gamma)$, let $U \in H^1(\Omega)$ denote the weak solution of the ...
BBB's user avatar
  • 93
2 votes
0 answers
111 views

Upper bound Hölder norm of the solution to the linear PDE $\partial_t u (t, x) = \Delta_x \{ |\sigma (x)|^2 u(t, x) \}$

Previously, I asked the same question for a non-linear PDE, but I have got no answer. Below, I consider the linear counterpart it. We fix $T>0$ and let $\mathbb T := [0, T]$. Let $\sigma : \mathbb ...
Akira's user avatar
  • 835
2 votes
0 answers
114 views

Poincare inequality on the hemisphere

Background: Let $\mathbb{S}^2_+$ be the hemisphere. Then we know that for $f:\mathbb{S}^2_+\to \mathbb{R}$ satisfying (when written in coordinates) $\int_{0}^{2\pi}\int_{0}^{\pi/2}f(r,\theta)\sin(r)dr ...
Student's user avatar
  • 537
2 votes
0 answers
77 views

Question about the ''crater'' in mountain-pass theorem while reading a paper of solving mean-field equation by mountain-pass theorem

Actually, I'm reading a paper which finds the saddle point of a functional, of course the unbounded below energy functional will suggest a potential saddle, but the structure of mountain pass is the ...
Elio Li's user avatar
  • 809
2 votes
1 answer
196 views

Estimate for the operator $A A_D^{-1}$

Let $O\subset\mathbb{R}^d$ be a bounded domain of the class $C^{1,1}$ (or $C^2$ for simplicity). Let the operator $A_D$ be formally given by the differential expression $A=-\operatorname{div}g(x)\...
Yulia Meshkova's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
143 views

How to prove $\operatorname{Id}-K$ is a proper map when $K$ is a $C^1$ compact operator?

Assume $X$ is a Banach space, $\Omega \subseteq X$ is an open set, $K\in {C}^{1}( \overline{\Omega}, X)$ is a nonlinear compact map, Is $\operatorname{Id}-K$ a proper map? I think maybe it has ...
boundary's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
164 views

$H^s$-mild solution for Navier–Stokes : why do we restrict attention to the function spaces "without Fourier zero mode"? (Related to Terence Tao blog)

This question has been triggered by the Definition 32 and Remark 33 in the blog of Terence Tao. There, every function space is restricted to ones without the Fourier zeroth mode. And the Remark 33 ...
Isaac's user avatar
  • 3,477
2 votes
0 answers
120 views

Closure of Laplacian

Let $(M,g)$ be a complete Riemannian manifold and $\Delta$ the (positive) Laplace-Beltrami operator. Now, consider this operator as an operator $$\Delta:\mathcal{D}(\Delta)\to L^{2}(M)$$ There are two ...
B.Hueber's user avatar
  • 1,171
2 votes
0 answers
328 views

Conditions for an existence of smooth solution to a parabolic PDE

I'm interested to know the conditions of when the parabolic PDE ($U \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is some bounded open subset): \begin{equation*} u_t - \sum_{i,j=1}^n(a^{ij}(x,t)u_{x_i})_{x_j} + \sum_{i=1}^nb^...
user113988's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
180 views

Approximating $L^p$ functions by eigenfunctions of Laplacian

I'm reading a paper https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022039608004932. In this paper, the authors assume that $\mathcal{O}$ is a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^N$ with $C^m$ boundary ...
ze min jiang's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
126 views

Differential equations: trying to connect a nonlinear equation to a linear one

The following is motivated by taking a product space $\Omega$ and splitting it into two parts via projections, whose subspaces, $T$ and $X$, are home to functions which satisfy a nonlinear PDE and a ...
John McManus's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
94 views

Existence of Green function for some perturbation of Laplace operator

Let $\Omega$ be a smooth bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^N$ $(N\geq2)$ and $\lambda>0$ is a small parameter. I wonder if there exists a Green function such that $$(\Delta+\lambda) G(x,y)=\delta_x\...
Davidi Cone's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
160 views

Understanding the Bochner space $W^{1,q}\bigl([0,T], L^p(U) \bigr)$ in terms of the Fréchet derivative

In the context of linear parabolic equations, the Sobolev space $W^{1,q}\bigl([0,T], L^p(U) \bigr)$ appears all the time. Here, $U$ is some bounded region of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $1<p,q<\infty$. ...
Isaac's user avatar
  • 3,477
2 votes
0 answers
153 views

Riesz’s representation theorem in a weak form

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain with smooth boundary in $\mathbb{R}^N$ $(N\geq 3)$, $\phi\in H_0^1(\Omega)$ is a solution of $$ \begin{cases}\Delta \phi+ \phi=h & \text { in } \Omega, \\ \phi=0 &...
Davidi Cone's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
79 views

Does this variant coincide with the usual Hölder space?

$\newcommand{\NN}{\mathbb N} \newcommand{\RR}{\mathbb R}$ Let $\alpha \in (0, 1]$ and $d, j \in \NN^*$. The usual Hölder space $C^{j, \alpha} := C^{j,\alpha} (\RR^d; \RR)$ is defined as the space of ...
Akira's user avatar
  • 835
2 votes
0 answers
206 views

Failure of Calderón–Zygmund inequality at the endpoints

$\newcommand\norm[1]{\lVert#1\rVert}\newcommand\abs[1]{\lvert#1\rvert}$I'd like to prove that the famous Calderón–Zygmund elliptic estimate $$ \norm{ \partial_{ij}u }_{L^p} \leq C \norm{\Delta u }_{L^...
Marc's user avatar
  • 457
2 votes
0 answers
114 views

A maximum principle in $\mathbb{R}^N$

Let $\delta > 0$ and define $$ H_\delta(x) = \prod_{j=1}^{N} \cosh(\delta x_j), \quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}^N. $$ By straightforward calculations we get $\Delta H_{\delta} (x) = \delta^2 H_\...
Lucas Linhares's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
259 views

Research in analysis of PDEs

I am currently figuring out what topic to work on for my undergraduate thesis and was able to narrow it down to mathematical analysis. As of now, I have two main options: a thesis working on Sobolev ...
Gab Romero's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
159 views

On Fredholm alternative for Neumann conditions

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded Lipschitz domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $f \in L^2(\Omega)$. It is well known that if $\lambda$ is a Dirichlet Laplacian eigenvalue, then the equation $$\begin{cases} -\Delta ...
student's user avatar
  • 1,350
2 votes
0 answers
92 views

Linearization stability condition

The following is a theorem from Fischer and Marsden's 1975's paper: Linearization stability of nonlinear PDEs. Theorem. Let $X, Y$ be Banach manifolds and $\Phi: X \rightarrow Y$ be $C^1$. Let $x_0 \...
Gordhob Brain's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
120 views

Noether's theorem in the critical heat equation

I initially posted this question on Stackexchange Mathematics (see here) but as I got no answer, maybe someone here will be able to help me. I am watching a serie of lectures on "Blow up solution ...
Falcon's user avatar
  • 452
2 votes
0 answers
201 views

Green function of a 2D exterior domain

Consider solutions of the laplace equation \begin{equation} \begin{split} -\Delta u=f, \ \ u|_{\partial D}=0, \end{split} \end{equation} where the domain $D\subset \mathbb{R}^2$. If $D$ is bounded ...
W.J.'s user avatar
  • 379
2 votes
0 answers
72 views

Semilinear elliptic equations in complex plane

Let $D$ denote the closed unit disk centered at the origin in the complex plane. Let $F: D \times \mathbb C \to \mathbb C$ be a smooth function. Is there any theory for well-posedness (in the sense of ...
Ali's user avatar
  • 4,135
2 votes
0 answers
64 views

Scaling limit of ODE with double-well potential

Let us consider the ODE $$ \frac{d}{dt}x_\epsilon(t) = -\frac{1}{\epsilon} W'(x_\epsilon(t)) $$ where $W$ is a double-well potential -- for example, $W(x)=\frac{1}{4}(x^2-1)^2$ so that the ODE reads $$...
Riku's user avatar
  • 839
2 votes
0 answers
117 views

Bounding integral expression with BV norm of integrand

Consider the following integral expression: $$\mathcal I :=\iint_{\epsilon \leq|x-y| \leq 1/2} f(x) f(y) \frac{\langle g(x)-g(y), x-y\rangle}{|x-y|^{n+2}} d x d y $$ for $\epsilon>0$, $f \in L^\...
user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
94 views

Existing work on $\Delta u=c-h e^{u}$ on compact manifold with dimension n, I have read J.Kazdan's work, the condition $c > 0, n \ge 3$ is not solved

I'm reading Prof. Kazdan's lectures At page 69, Prof. Kazdan describes the research on the $\Delta u=c-h e^{u}$ PDE on a compact $n$-dimensional manifold before 1983. (Here $c$ is a constant while $h$ ...
Elio Li's user avatar
  • 809
2 votes
0 answers
104 views

Relations between different "propagation of chaos" type results?

My questions come from the paper Logarithmic Sobolev inequalities for some nonlinear PDE’s written by F. Malrieu (May 2001). The basic set-up is that we have a $N$-particle system $(X^{i,N}_t)_{1\leq ...
Fei Cao's user avatar
  • 730
2 votes
0 answers
150 views

Reference for weighted Sobolev spaces

I'm looking for a comprehensive reference illustrating, from the ground up, the basics of weighted Sobolev Spaces on Lipschitz domains (this case should be included, but I don't need less than it). ...
Lilla's user avatar
  • 235
2 votes
0 answers
66 views

Existence of saddle points under a $C^0$-perturbation of a continuous function

Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ be a continuous function and has a strict maximum point $a$ and strict minimum point $b$. Define $g(x,y)=f(x)+f(y)$ and $h_\varepsilon(x,y)$ be a family of continuous ...
W.J.'s user avatar
  • 379
2 votes
0 answers
194 views

Trouble understanding Lax method for KDV equation for inverse scattering method

I am trying to learn the Lax pair condition on my own so that I can eventually learn the inverse scattering method. I am following a paper by Tuncay Aktosun ("Inverse scattering transform and the ...
Will_Phys4's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
166 views

Green's function for elliptic PDE with potential

$\newcommand{\div}{\operatorname{div}}$Suppose I have an elliptic operator $\mathcal{L} u = -\div (A \nabla u) $ on some open set $\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ where here $A$ is uniformly elliptic ...
Joshua Isralowitz's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
73 views

Question about Gidas-Ni-Nirenberg result

Background: So I know that the Euler Lagrange equation associated with the Sobolev inequality takes the following form, $$-\Delta u = u^p$$ where $p=2^*-1$ and here we assume that $u>0$ on $\mathbb{...
Student's user avatar
  • 537
2 votes
0 answers
60 views

Decay of solution for linear system with damping

Let us consider the following linear system with damping: $$ \begin{cases} u_t - u_x = -\frac{1}{2} (u+v)\\ v_t + v_x = -\frac{1}{2} (u+v) \end{cases} $$ Let's write the solution as $w=(u,v)$ ...
Riku's user avatar
  • 839
2 votes
0 answers
86 views

Continuity of the entropy of the solution of a parabolic PDE at $t=0$

Consider the following initial value problem for a parabolic PDE : $$\begin{cases} \textrm{div}\big(A\,\nabla u(t,x) + b(x)\, u(t,x)\big) \,=\,\partial_t u(t,x) \quad x\in\mathbb R^d\,,\ t>0 \\[4pt]...
tituf's user avatar
  • 311
2 votes
0 answers
84 views

Method of characteristics and explicit formula for an IBVP for the transport equation

Let us assume $c:(0,1) \to (\epsilon,+\infty)$ and consider the PDE $$ \begin{cases} u_t+c(x)u_x = 0, \\ u(0,x) = g(x) \\ u(t,0) = f(t) \end{cases} \qquad (t,x) \in (0,T)\times(0,1) \label{1}\tag{$\...
Riku's user avatar
  • 839

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