Questions tagged [exponential-sums]
The method of exponential sums is one of a few general methods enabling us to solve a wide range of miscellaneous problems from the theory of numbers and its applications. The strongest results have been obtained with the aid of this method. Therefore knowledge of the fundamentals of theory of exponential sums is necessary for studying modern number theory.
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On discrepancy of integer sequences related to Erdos-Turan-Koksma
Assume we have a sequence $a_1,\dots,a_k\in\Bbb N$ with each $a_i\approx n$ where $n$ is some integer.
Suppose there exists an $\eta\in(0,1)$ such that for every $d_1,\dots,d_k\in\Bbb Z$ with $$...
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Solutions to a diophantine system
What is the smallest $\gamma_1,\gamma_2,\gamma_3>0$ such that given coprime $p,q=\Theta(\ell)$ and integer $t\geq3$ there are coprime $m,n=\Theta(\ell^{t-1})$ with $(mn,pq)=1$, $\alpha_i\in\Bbb Z$ ...
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Upper bound for a higher dimensional Ramanujan sum
Fix an integer vector $\mathbf m\in \mathbb Z^k$. Let $q$ be a positive integer.
Is there a "good" upper bound in terms of $q,\bf m$ for the exponential sum:
\[\sum_{\mathbf n} e\left(\frac{\langle m,...
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An Exponential Sum Restricted to Primes
Let $a,q,N$ be integers such that $N/2 \leq q \leq N$ and $a/q \notin \mathbb{Z}$.
Is the following estimate true, and, if so, how can it be proved?
\[\left|\sum_{1 \leq p \leq N} \exp(2\pi i p a/q) \...
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nth derivative of error function
Let $f(x)=erfi(a+x)$ and $g(x)=e^{cx}$ with
\begin{align*}
f^{(n)}(x)=\frac{2}{\sqrt{\pi}}e^{(a+x)^2}\sum_{m=0}^{n-1}\sum_{j=0}^{m}\frac{\binom{m}{j}(-1)^j(a+x)^{2m-n+1}}{m!}\\
\prod_{p=1}^{n-1}(2m-2j-...
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Exponential sum (linear in the argument) over primes
Suppose we have $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$. Then we know that
$$\sum_{1 \leq n \leq X} e(n \alpha) \ll \min \{ X, \|\alpha\|^{-1} \}$$
where $\| \cdot \|$ is the distance to the nearest integer.
I ...
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Estimate of $\sum_{n=1}^x\exp(\pi i t/n)$ and $\sum_{n=-x}^x\exp(\pi i t/n)$?
I already asked this question here
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2005211/estimate-of-sum-n-1-infty-exp-pi-i-t-n/2005778#2005778
but I did not get a satisfying answer, so I put it here.
I ...
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Unique factorization for the semigroup generated by {2cos(π/n) | n>3}?
Let $S$ be the multiplicative semigroup of numbers generated by $B=\{ 2cos(\frac{\pi}{n}) \mid n \ge 4 \}$.
Question: Does every number of $S$ factorize uniquely (up to perm.) as a product of ...
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if $a , b$ are positive numbers such that $a + b = 1$ prove that for all $x$ $ae^{\frac{x}{a}} + be^{-\frac{x}{b}} \le e^{\frac{x^2}{8a^2b^2}}$ [closed]
I am working to prove the following inequality, however I have not reached to any definite solutions. I would be so thankful if anyone could help me prove this inequality or at least give me some ...
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When the Kloosterman sum is an integer?
Let $q$ be a power of prime $p$ and $\zeta_p$ be the complex $p$ th root
of unity. We denote by
$\mathbb{F}_q$ the finite field of $q$ elements and by $Tr$ the absolute trace function $\mathbb{F}_q\...
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Weyl Type Lemma
I was referred to Lemma 3.18 of an old Bourgain paper (pg. 122) concerning weighted exponential sums and I am having trouble understanding the proof. I have reproduced below for convenience.
Lemma. ...
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Weyl sums with polynomial coefficients
Let
$$ f(x,N) = \sum_{0 \leq n\leq N} e(x n^2).$$
Weyl's inequality gives an estimate for $f(x,N)$ when $x$ is near a rational with small denominator. My question is:
What estimates are ...
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Reference request: Bounding exponential sum $\sum_{x \in [0,X]} \Lambda(x) e(\beta_d x^d + \ldots + \beta_1 x )$
Let $1 \leq i \leq d$, $q \in \mathbb{N}$, and $0 \leq a_{i} < q$. Let
$$
\mathfrak{M}^{(i)}_{a_{ i}, q} (C) =\{ \beta_{i} \in [0,1) : | \beta_{i} - a_{i}/q | \leq (\log X)^{C} X^{-i} \} .
$$
We ...
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Simplify a equation
I have a problem simplifying the summation here:
$$
\sum_{x=0}^{n}\sum_{y=0}^{x} {n\choose{x}} {x\choose{y}} y!(x-y)!
$$
The last three terms can be simplified to x!, so the current summation ...
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Number of solutions to $x_1x_2=x_3x_4\bmod n$
In https://www.math.ksu.edu/~cochrane/research/xyuvmodp.pdf it is shown $x_1x_2=x_3x_4\bmod p$ where $p$ is a prime has $\frac{|\mathcal B|}p+O(\sqrt{|\mathcal B|}\log^2p)$ solutions $(x_1,x_2,x_3,...
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Can the matrix exponential be equal to the elementwise exponential [closed]
Just out of curiosity: does there exist a matrix $A=(a_{i,j}) \in \mathbb{C}^{n\times n}, n>1$ such that $(e^{a_{i,j}})\in \mathbb{C}^{n\times n}$ is equal to the matrix exponential $e^A=\sum_{k\...
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Does anyone recognize this exponential sum?
For $a$, $b$ two integers, let $(a,b)$ denotes their gcd. We define the following exponential sum :
$$G_q(n):=\sum_{d|q,~(d,q/d)=1}{e^{2i\pi n\frac{dd'}{q}}}$$
for $n$ a non-negative integer and $q$ ...
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The number of solution of $x_1^2 + \cdots + x_k^2 \equiv \lambda \bmod q$
I'm playing with exponential sums...
If $q$ is an odd prime and $a$ an integer such that $q \nmid a$, then the following formula for the Gaussian sum is known
$$\sum_{x=0}^{q-1} e_q(ax^2) = \left(\...
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On exponential sum weighted with von-Mangoldt function
Suppose we have $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$ such that $|\alpha - a/q| < 1/q^2$,
where $(a,q)=1$. Then we know that the exponential sum
$$
S(\alpha) = \sum_{1 \leq n \leq X} \Lambda(n) e(n \alpha)
$$
...
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An exponential sum over squares
I have the following exponential sum:
$\sum _{M<n\leq N}e\left (x/n^2\right )=\sum f(n),$
say, where $M$ and $N$ are something like $x^{1/4}$ and $x^{1/2}$.
My question is basically, how do I ...
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exponential sum of primes
Fix $\alpha \notin \mathbb{Q}$. I would like to know a reference that shows $$\mathbb{E}_{n\leq N} \Lambda(n) e^{2\pi i \alpha n} \to 0,$$ as $N$ tends to infinity.
I am familiar with Vinagradov's ...
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On (a generalization of) the Gauss Circle Problem
Most (if not all) references I read about the Gauss Circle Problem that proves a bound below $O(R^{2/3})$ reduces the GCP to the Dirichlet Divisor Problem by the well known expression of $r_2(n)$, the ...
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Exponential sum estimates similar to the one for $\sum_p (\log p) e(p \alpha)$, but for different sequences
Obtaining a non-trivial estimate for $\sum_p (\log p) e(p \alpha)$ over the minor arcs is one of the estimates required for obtaining the ternary Goldbach for $n$ sufficiently large via the circle ...
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Can we use this symbol? [closed]
We consider the ring $\mathbb{C}[e^{\lambda x} \mid \lambda \in \mathbb{C}]$ and the language $L=\{+, \cdot , \frac{d}{dx} , 0, 1\}$.
The ring consists of elements of the form $$\sum_{i=0}^N \...
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Kloosterman sum
Does anybody know the non-trivial bound for this sum?
$S(m,n,c,q)=\sum_{a,b\in \mathbb{Z}/cq\mathbb{Z}, \;ad\equiv 1\text{ mod }c} e^{2\pi i(am+nd)/qc},$
where $m,n\in\mathbb{Z},\;q,c\in\mathbb{N}$.
...
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Bounding exponential sum with square roots
It is well known that for each $m\in\mathbb{N}$
$$\lim_{N\to\infty}\frac1N\sum_{n=1}^Ne^{2\pi i\sqrt{nm}}=0$$
My question is whether there is some uniformity in the variable $m$.
More precisely, is it ...
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What is the mean value of a pair of Ramanujan Sums when summed over squares?
Does anyone know of the mean value of two Ramanujan Sums when summed over the square of integers?
In my research on the Landau problem regarding nearly square primes, I have run into the mean value ...
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Smoothed exponential sums: bounds and sources?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{C}$ be differentiable $k$ times, with $f, f',\dotsc,f^{(k)}\in L^1$. Let $\alpha\in \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$, $\alpha\ne 0$. In "Every odd number..." (Math. Comp. 83, 2014), ...
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Elaboration of a certain section of a paper by Thanigasalam
In section 11 of this paper by Thanigasalam, it says "... we get $G(10)\le 105$, and this implies that $H(10) \le 107$". However, it is very unclear how this follows. Why is it the case that $G(10)\le ...
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Best known bounds on certain exponential sums
What are the best bounds currently known for the following exponential sum:
$$\sum_{x < p \le 2x} e(\alpha p^k)$$
for values of $\alpha$ far from a rational with small denominator. ($p$ refers ...
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Sums of random variables mod p
Let $\varepsilon_1, \ldots, \varepsilon_n$ be independent random variables taking values $0,1$ each with probability $1/2$. It is well known that $R_n=\varepsilon_1+ \cdots+ \varepsilon_n$ modulo a ...
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Iwaniec-Kowalski Exponential Sum for Quadratic Function
I am reading about 'Exponential Sums' in the book 'Analytic Number Theory' by Iwaniec and Kowalski. On page 199 they mention the bound:
$$|S_f(N)|^2 \le N +2N^2q^{-1}+4(N+q)\log q \tag{1}$$
where, $...
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$L^1$ norm of exponential sum of $n^2 x$
What is the asymptotic order of
$$
\int_0^1 \left| \sum_{n=1}^N e^{2 \pi i n^2 x} \right| ~dx
$$
as $N \to \infty$. This should be known, but I cannot find it in the literature.
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What is the maximal number of solutions of $\sum_{i = 1}^n 1/a_i^x - \sum_{i = 1}^m 1/b_i^x = 0$?
What is the maximal number of solutions of the following equation?
$\sum_{i = 1}^n 1/a_i^x - \sum_{i = 1}^m 1/b_i^x = 0$
where $x$ is the unknown and $n, m$, $a_i$'s, $b_i$'s are constant.
It ...
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Uniform convergence of infinite sum with Dirichlet characters
I would like to prove uniform convergence of function series like :
$$\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} \chi(n) f(nx)$$ where $\chi$ is a primitive character and $f(x)$ a function decreasing to zero in ...
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Decidability of sum of powers exponential diophantine equation
I want to ask about decidability of exponential Diophantine equation:
$z_12^{\eta_1} + \ldots + z_n2^{\eta_n} = z$, where $z_i,\eta_i,z \in \mathbb{Z}$, and $\eta_i$ - are variables.
Can we find ...
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Solving a doubly exponential generating function
I am analyzing the average time complexity of some algorithm on some probabilistic model, and I've come to a doubly exponential sequence for which I cannot find corresponding generating function. I ...
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Bounds on imaginary parts of partial Kloosterman sums?
For a prime $p$ and integers $a,m$, $0<a,m<p$ define the (partial Kloosterman) sum
$$ S_p(a,m) = \sum_{0<k<m} \exp\left(\frac{2\pi\mathrm{i}}{p}(a x + x^{-1})\right), $$
where $x^{-1}$ is ...
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Bound on exponential sum with weights
Let $e(z)$ denote $e^{2 \pi i z}$ and let $f(z)$ a smooth real function.
I know one can bound sums of the form
$$
\sum_{x \leq X} e(f(x))
$$
via for example Van der Corputs's result, provided we make ...
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Kloosterman-like sum with inverse to different moduli
In some recent work, the following strange-looking exponential sum arose:
$$
\sum_k \sum_r \sum_s e\bigg( \frac{r \bar s^{(r)} \bar k^{(r^2+s^2)}}{r^2+s^2} \bigg).
$$
Here $e(x) = e^{2\pi i x}$ as ...
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Incomplete Kloosterman sum
I am interested in an upper bound on the following incomplete Kloosterman sum
$$ \sum_{\substack{x=1 \\ x+_{_{\bf Z}}x^{-1}>p}}^{p-1}e\left(\frac{x+x^{-1}}{p}\right).$$
Using the Weil's bound it ...
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iteratively (approximately) solving a sum of exponentials
I would iteratively have to solve the following equation at iteration $n$:
$C = \sum_{1 \leq i \leq n}{e^{\frac{x_i}{T}}x_i}$ for $T$.
Each iteration $i$ an unknown $x_i$ will be observed and $C$ is ...
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stationary phase method in analytic number theory
I hope someone can tell me something about the error term in the formula calculating the oscillatory integral like $\int_a^b g(x)e(f(x))d x$. Specially, the exact formula on page 114 of M. Huxley's ...
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Exponential sums
I would like to estimate the following sum
$\sum_{N <n \leq 2N}e(vn^{l})$, $l \geq 1$ constant(not integer) and $v$ is a parameter(integer) that doesn't grow too fast(a small power of N).
The ...
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Is there a cheap proof of power savings for exponential sums over finite fields?
Let $p$ be a large prime, and let $f(x) = P(x)/Q(x)$ be a non-constant rational function over ${\Bbb F}_p$ of bounded degree. From the Weil conjectures for curves, we have a bound of the form
$$ |\...
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Where can I read about exponential sums corresponding to Jones Polynomial?
I remember reading that a number theoretic analogue of Witten's path integral formula for the Jones polynomial:
$$\text{Jones}_K(e^{2\pi i/(k+2)})=\int_{\text{$SU(2)$ connections on $\mathbb S^3$}/\...
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