Questions tagged [ergodic-theory]
Dynamical systems on measure spaces, invariant measures, ergodic averages, mixing properties.
886
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Equidistribution of spheres in $\mathbb{R^2}/\mathbb{Z^2}$
Let $\mathbb{H^2}$ be the hyperbolic upper half place, and let $\Gamma$ be a lattice in $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ acting on $\mathbb{H^2}$. A proof of the equidistribution of spheres on $\mathbb{H^2/\Gamma}$ ...
2
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Any minimal WAP dynamical system is distal
I'm trying to show that any minimal WAP dynamical system $(X, G)$ is almost periodic. By Ellis's joint continuity theorem, it suffices to show that any minimal WAP system is distal. There are many ...
23
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1
answer
988
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Time averages and differentiability
Let $\varphi_t : M \rightarrow M$ be a smooth flow on a smooth manifold $M$. We may assume (although I'm not sure if this is important) that the flow preserves a smooth volume form on $M$. Given a ...
0
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1
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Asymptotically full stationary process
Let $(X_n)_{n \in \mathbb{Z}}$ be a stationary process on a finite set $A$. Say that it is asymptotically full if for every increasing sequence of subsets $B_n \subset A^n$ such that $\dfrac{\#B_n}{\#...
2
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Equivalence relations that are both not treeable and amenable
Hyperfinite equivalence relations are treeable. For the case of uncountable relations, I was wondering if there is a reference to (or simple proof of) the following statement: Let $E$ be a (possibly ...
0
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1
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341
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Link between Harris recurrence and Ergodicity
Is it possible to obtain Harris recurrent Markov chain from Ergodic chain (in Birkhoff sense) under certain assumption? That is, suppose we know a Markov chain is ergodic (in Birkhoff sense); is it ...
5
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2
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860
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"Typical" convergence rate for the von Neumann mean ergodic theorem
The von-Neumann theorem states that for a unitary operator $U: {\cal H} \mapsto {\cal H}$,
where ${\cal H}$ is a Hilbert space, the following holds:
$$
\lim_{N\to \infty} \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n=1}^N U^n ...
8
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2
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470
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An algorithm for Poincare recurrence time
Define the function $[0,+\infty) \rightarrow R$:
$$ f = \cos (t) + \cos (\sqrt{2} t) + \cos (\sqrt{3} t) + \cos (\sqrt{5} t ) . $$
I want a number $t $ bigger than $10^7$ such that
$$ f(t) > 4 -...
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1
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769
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Who introduced the concept of topological mixing?
I am writing an introduction and I want to know who introduced the concept of topological mixing?
7
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Decay of cusps in geometrically finite groups
Let $X=\mathbb{H}^{n}/\Gamma$ be a quotient of hyperbolic space of a geometric finite subgroup. Let $\mu$ be the Bowen-Margulis measure on the unit tangent bundle, and $m$ its projection to $X$.
Fix ...
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Koopman representation, weakly compact action, Ozawa Popa
Given a weakly compact action (Ozawa-Popa) of a discrete group $\Gamma$ on p.m space $X$, consider the Koopman representation $\pi$ on $L^2(X)$. Compose this representation with the Calkin projection. ...
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3
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How to show that there's a continuous function separating convex sets of Radon measures?
First, the setup: $X$ is a compact set. By Riesz's representation theorem $C(X)^*=${all Radon measures on $X$}. $K$ is a convex, closed set of probability measures. $m$ is a probability measure out of ...
2
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Non-ergodic Dye Theorem for orbit equivalent automorphisms
The Dye Theorem states that any two free ergodic p.m.p automorphisms of a standard probability space are orbit-equivalent.
Question: Is there a version of the above theorem for non-ergodic ...
8
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3
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Uniquely ergodicity and polynomial ergodic average
Let $(X,T)$ be a uniquely ergodic system (here X is compact, T is a continuous map form $X$ to itself), so for any continuous function $f:X\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ we have for any $x\in X$, the ergodic ...
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Invariant mesures for expanding maps of the circle
Is there any characterization for the support of T-invariant measures? where T is a C¹ expanding map of the circle i.e. T'(x)>Lambda>1 for all x in the circle.
I know there are periodic and total ...
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Nonconventional ergodic averages for commuting transformations
Let $S$ and $T$ be commuting measure-preserving transformations of a standard probability space $(X,\mu)$, so $S$ and $T$ define an action of $\mathbb{Z}^2$ on $(X,\mu)$. I am wondering about ...
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1
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Can real-valued Markov processes with continuous surjective sample paths admit a non-trivial "forward-invariant" set?
I have both a more general question (concerning stopping times), and then a more specific application (as described in the title).
Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},(\mathcal{F}_t)_{t \geq 0},\mathbb{P})$ be ...
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2
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Density of periodic points and density of periodic measures
There are many results (usually connected to specification-like properties) about density of periodic measures in the space of all invariant ones. However some questions that seem to be easy (at first ...
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2
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Lyapunov exponents of dual / adjoint / transpose random dynamical system (RDS)
Consider the the state of a system at time $n$, $X_n$, as the action of a product of i.i.d. $d\times d$ random matrices acting on a $d$ dimensional vector $X_0$, so we have
$$X_n = A_n \cdots A_1X_0.$...
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Do the Birkhoff averages of a measurable stationary homogeneous Markov process in continuous time "converge to the right limit"?
[I've decided to rewrite the question, to make the essential point clearer.]
Let $\,\mathbb{R}^{[0,\infty)}:=\{(x_t)_{t \geq 0} : x_t \in \mathbb{R} \ \, \forall t\}$. We say that a set $Y \subset \...
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Discontinuity of Radon-Nikodym derivative for Patterson-Sullivan measures for word metrics on Gromov hyperbolic groups
Let $\Gamma$ be a Gromov hyperbolic group coming endowed with a word metric coming from some finite generating set. Let $\nu$ be an associated Patterson-Sullivan measure (quasi-conformal density).
I ...
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When is a word metric on a CAT(-1) group a bounded distance from the orbit map of an isometric action on some CAT(-k) metric space?
Let $\Gamma$ be a group admitting a discrete and cocompact action on a CAT(-1) space.
Let $d$ a word metric on $\Gamma$ coming from some finite set of generators.
My question is:
Does there exist a ...
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Classification of ergodic measures for circle expanding maps
Let us consider the classical self-covering of the circle $S^1=\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ given by
$$\times_d(x) = dx \mod 1$$
where the degree $d$ is any integer greater than $1$.
There are a wealth of ...
4
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1
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453
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Lyapunov exponent for circle diffeomorphisms
Let $f:S^1\to S^1$ be an orientation-preserving circle diffeomorphism with irrational rotation number (see here). Then the system $(S^1,f)$ admits a unique invariant measure, say $\mu_f$.
Let $\...
3
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209
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On the decay of correlations of an ergodic sequence over the set $X_{0}=0$
The following question arose while I was trying to explore possible further extensions of a CLT by Liverani which I mentioned here already (see this link, I can tell you more details upon request). It ...
5
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377
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invariant measure of uniquely ergodic horocycle flow
Let $S$ be a compact connected orientable surface of variable negative curvature, and let $M=T^1S$ be the unit tangent bundle of $S$. Then, we know from the paper of Brian Marcus (*) that the negative ...
2
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A question related to metric Diophantine approximation
In metric Diophantine approximation you are often interested in finding conditions on $(\phi(q))_{q \geq 1}$ which guarantee that
$$
\left| \alpha - \frac{p}{q} \right| < \frac{\phi(q)}{q}
$$
has ...
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Characterizations of an exotic measure on the open sets in the circle $S^{1}$
Suppose that $U\subseteq S^{1}$ is open where $S^{1}=\{z\in\mathbb{Z}:|z|=1\}$. Then define $\mu_{n}(U)=\max_{t\in S^{1}}\frac{1}{n}\cdot|\{k\in\{1,...,n\}|t\cdot e^{\frac{2\pi ik}{n}}\in U\}|$. ...
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Krein Milman theorem without the axiom of choice
The Krein-Milman theorem asserts that in a locally convex topological vector space, a nonvoid compact convex subset is the closed convex envelope of its extreme points. But I would like to know when ...
7
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Mean value of Maass forms
Let $X = SL_2(\mathbb{Z}) \backslash \mathbb{H}$ be the modular surface. Consider a basis of $L^2$-normalized Hecke-Maass cusps forms $\phi_j$ on $X$ with $-\Delta$-eigenvalue $\lambda_j$. Hejhal-...
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Under what conditions do time averages of ergodic transformations satisfy a central limit theorem?
Let $(X, \mu)$ be a probability space and $T:X\rightarrow X $ an ergodic transformation, i.e. $T$ is measure preserving and the only $T$ invariant subspaces have either measure $0$ or measure $1$ (...
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Cesaro mean of products of converging matrices
Let $S$ be a finite set of states. Let $(M_n)$ be a sequence of transitions on $S$; that is, for every natural number $n$, $M_n$ is a non-negative $|S| \times |S|$ matrix whose rows sum up to 1. ...
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Is Akcoglu's theorem for power bounded positive operators still an open problem?
I am reading Ulrich Krengel's book, Ergodic Theorems; the theorem of Akcoglu's he mentions of is on page 189, theorem 2.5.
" If $T$ is a positive contraction in a space $L_p$ with $1<p<\infty$, ...
5
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1
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615
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Characterizing residually amenable groups
Let $G$ be a finitely generated group. The amenability of $G$ is equivalent to the existence of a certain "weak measure" on $G$. Is there such a characterization for residually amenable groups as well?...
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2
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585
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limiting distribution of the random walk from irrational rotation
Motivation:
If I recall correctly, the simple symmetric random walk from i.i.d binary steps converges in distribution to the Wiener measure (if scaled with $a_n = \sqrt{n}$). What I am wondering is ...
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2
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1k
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Can ergodic theory help to prove ergodicity of general Markov chain?
I am a beginner in ergodic theory. I have read some lecture notes(such as this and this) about it in hope that I could find something which helps to prove the ergodicity of some Markov chain taking ...
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1
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invariant measures of the expanding maps on the circle
I would be very happy to know about original references for the following results;
For the expanding map $x \mapsto mx$ on the circle, (with $m$ some integer greater than 1)
(1) There exist ...
0
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0
answers
108
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Proof that Markov shift is pointwise dual ergodic
I am looking for a reference of the proof that a Markov shift is pointwise dual ergodic, I tried google it but with no success.
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1
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Sectional curvature as a Hamiltonian on the Grassmanization of the tangent bundle
Edit: According to the comments to the previous version of this question, I remove my essential errors in the question. I thank the commenters very much.
Let $M$ be a n dimensional manifold. ...
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combinatorial ergodicity and promotion
According to J. Propp, T. Roby, and (I believe) others, a cyclic action on a finite set $S$ given by a bijection $\zeta: S \longrightarrow S$ is said to be ${\it ergodic}$ with respect to a statistic ...
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Closure of the orbits of the $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$-action on $\mathbb{R}^2$
I'm coming with a very basic question for which I can't find an answer. Please forgive me if I didn't search efficiently enough.
What can the closure of an orbit of an element $X$ of $\mathbb{R}^2$ ...
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Topological pressure for subshifts on a countable alphabet
Apologies for asking two similar questions within a week of each other, I had hoped that asking a finite alphabet version of this question would lead to enlightenment but unfortunately it didn't.
...
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3
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299
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Approximating Subshifts From Below
I'm looking to understand how to approximate certain countable alphabet subshifts by Markov shifts, and realised that I don't know how to do it even in the finite alphabet case. My guess is that the ...
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0
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305
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Properties of a function from its pullback
Edit: I have now removed the duplication previously referred to. Thank you.
Let $M$ and $N$ be smooth manifolds and $T: M \to N$ be a smooth map. Let $ \mathcal{F}(M,\mathbb{R})$ (resp.$ \mathcal{...
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Eigenfunction of ergodic skew product fixed by commutator?
Background: Let $(Y, \mathcal{B},\mu,T)$ be an ergodic probability system and let $G$ be a compact metrizable group with compact subgroup $H$. Given a measurable map $\rho:Y \to G$. We may define the ...
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Faithful and weakly-mixing representations of Property (T) groups in relation to left regular rep
Is it known that: Any countable Property (T) group (or more generally, a non-amenable group) has a faithful, weakly-mixing representation which is NOT weakly included in its left regular ...
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1
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Is it possible to define the density of the logistic map for $x<0$?
Probability density functions (PDF's) have inherent connections to the field of
Dynamical Systems.
The motivation for this question can be found in: http://www.stat.cmu.edu/~cshalizi/754/2006/notes/...
2
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1
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396
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Weak Convergence to Lebesgue Measure
I'm trying to understand the proof given by D. Rudolph in his paper "x2 and x3 invariant measures and entropy". I'm particularly trying to undestand the proof of lema 4.4.
Let's consider a secuence ...
5
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141
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Growth in families of trees
I'm hoping that the question below is simple thermodynamic formalism, but I can't quite make it work. Any help would be very welcome.
Let $\Sigma:=\{0,1\}^{\mathbb N}$ and let $\Sigma^*$ be the set ...
3
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148
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Uniform bounds of number of integral points on affine varieties
In Duke-Rudnick-Sarnak 93, Density of integer points on affine homogeneous varieties, one of the consequences is the following,
Consider the variety $V_{n,k} = \{A \in Mat_n(\mathbb{Z}): det(A) = k\...