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There are many ways that the Catalan numbers seemed to have been generalized, one among them is through what Graham-Knuth-Patashnik (in Concrete Mathematics) dubbed as the Fuss-Catalan numbers $\frac1{...

Given a partition $\lambda$, the Schur polynomials can be defined, among many other ways, as $$S_{\lambda}(\xi_1,\dots,\xi_a)=\frac{\det\left(\xi_i^{\lambda_j+a-j}\right)_{i,j=1}^a}{\det\left(\xi_i^{a-...