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78 votes
9 answers
9k views

Mathematical conjectures on which applications depend

What are some examples of mathematical conjectures that applied mathematicians assume to be true in applications, despite it being unknown whether or not they are true?
63 votes
7 answers
8k views

Theorems demoted back to conjectures

Many mathematicians know the Four Color Theorem and its history: there were two alleged proofs in 1879 and 1880 both of which stood unchallenged for 11 years before flaws were discovered. I am ...
59 votes
7 answers
4k views

How closed-form conjectures are made?

Recently I posted a conjecture at Math.SE: $$\int_0^\infty\ln\frac{J_\mu(x)^2+Y_\mu(x)^2}{J_\nu(x)^2+Y_\nu(x)^2}\mathrm dx\stackrel{?}{=}\frac{\pi}{2}(\mu^2-\nu^2),$$ where $J_\mu(x)$ and $Y_\mu(x)$ ...
Vladimir Reshetnikov's user avatar
20 votes
4 answers
2k views

Can anything deep be said uniformly about conjectures like Goldbach's?

This is a soft question sparked by my curiosity about the intrinsic depth of Goldbach-like conjectures as perceived by current experts in number theory. The incompleteness theorem implies that, if our ...
user21820's user avatar
  • 2,912
18 votes
3 answers
2k views

Is it a reasonable way to write a research article assuming truth of a conjecture?

I have found a conjecture in a research article (published in a good journal) on number theory, which is not well known but very reasonable. Let me be clear that, there is no counter-example that vote ...
MAS's user avatar
  • 930
8 votes
3 answers
3k views

The resolution of which conjecture/problem would advance Mathematics the most? [closed]

This is an impossibly broad question, and makes the unwarranted assumption that Mathematics is a uniform field. It might make more sense to ask the same question restricted to, say, Mathematical Logic,...
3 votes
0 answers
234 views

Uses of excluded middle on a conjecture that can be rewritten constructively with this trick

An interesting proof technique is to use the law of excluded middle on a conjecture. There are proofs using LEM on the Riemann hypothesis for example. Constructively this is disallowed (if you can ...
Christopher King's user avatar
2 votes
2 answers
856 views

Easy to explain conjectures that are still unsolved [duplicate]

Mathematics has many open conjectures which are ridiculously hard to even understand. But this is not always the case. An example is: Collatz conjecture. I would like to see some more examples. So ...