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29 votes
2 answers
1k views

Determining if a rational function has a subtraction-free expression

This question was first asked by Mehtaab Sawhney in Alex Postnikov's combinatorics class. Given a rational function $F=P(x_1,...,x_n)/Q(x_1,...,x_n)$ with (say) integer coefficients, it is often of ...
Christian Gaetz's user avatar
26 votes
6 answers
9k views

The problem of finding the first digit in Graham's number

Motivation In this BBC video about infinity they mention Graham's number. In the second part, Graham mentions that "maybe no one will ever know what [the first] digit is". This made me think: Could ...
Sune Jakobsen's user avatar
17 votes
1 answer
960 views

Polynomial-time algorithm to compare numbers in Conway chained arrow notation

I am looking for a polynomial-time algorithm which, given a character string containing two numbers in Conway's chained arrow notation for large numbers, indicates whether the first number is less ...
khaaan's user avatar
  • 171
12 votes
4 answers
4k views

reversible Turing machines

Hello, Let T be a Turing machine such that 1) it operates on the alphabet {0,1}, 2) its set of states is A 3) the language it accepts is $L$ . Does there exists a Turing machine S which also ...
Łukasz Grabowski's user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
213 views

Aperiodic set of corner Wang Tile [closed]

There is quite some reference on aperiodicity of the edge-type of Wang Tile. But I could not yet find aperiodic corner type of Wang Tiles... Could someone provide me some instances (better with ...
user40780's user avatar
  • 867
5 votes
0 answers
301 views

The expressiveness of functions computable on trees

Motivation: Let's define a function computable on a $k$-ary tree as a function composed with simpler computable functions defined at each node such that a function of this kind defined on a binary ...
Aidan Rocke's user avatar
  • 3,871
3 votes
2 answers
297 views

Conjecture of a subset of Wang tile which might be decidable

From the two papers proving the undecidability of Wang tile in 1966 by Berger and in 1971 by RM Robinson, the tiles used in proving undecidability has a general common feature: The left color and ...
user40780's user avatar
  • 867
3 votes
1 answer
509 views

Application of Combinatorics, Logic and computability theory in physical science: Tiling of Wang Tile with proportionality

The original problem of Domino Tiling and Wang Tile has great theoretical interest on computability theory... However, the great emerging problem on application of Wang Tile in material science and ...
user40780's user avatar
  • 867
2 votes
3 answers
987 views

An established proof in Wang Tile which I doubt

When I was reading the paper: Wang, Hao. "Notes on a class of tiling problems." Fundamenta Mathematicae 82.4 (1975): 295-305. from http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm82/fm82119.pdf I could not ...
user40780's user avatar
  • 867
1 vote
1 answer
243 views

A possible minimal aperiodic set of corner Wang Tile

From one of my previous question Aperiodic set of corner Wang Tile (although it is put on hold), I realize there is a systematic way to construct aperiodic corner type of Wang tile from edge type ...
user40780's user avatar
  • 867
1 vote
1 answer
631 views

relationship between corner tile and edge tile of wang tile

It is clear that any corner type of Wang Tile could be converted to edge type of Wang Tile by defining the edge color according to the corner color. However, could we convert edge type of Wang Tile ...
user40780's user avatar
  • 867