Questions tagged [binary-quadratic-forms]
A binary quadratic form is a quadratic form in two variables.
28
questions with no upvoted or accepted answers
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Cancellation in a sum of Möbius evaluated along a quadratic form
Let $Q(x,y)$ be an indefinite binary quadratic form. Suppose $0 < B < \sqrt{A} $ are such that $B \gg \sqrt{A}$.
Is it true one can save an arbitrary power of log from the trivial bound in
$$...
6
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186
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Quadratic fields with moderately large fundamental units
Let $d > 1$ be a fundamental discriminant, and let $K_d = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{d})$. Denote by $\varepsilon_d$ the fundamental unit of $\mathcal{O}_{K_d}$, namely the smallest algebraic integer $\...
6
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some problems on sum of two squares
During my experiments with "Mathematica" I arrived to the following observations. My question is that are they interesting, known, solved or not. If they are known could you please give me a reference....
6
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691
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From Bhargava to Gauss -- Why does correspondence of cubes and ideal classes imply Gauss correspondence?
In his seminal 2004 paper "Higher Composition Laws I" in the Annals of Mathematics, (doi:10.4007/annals.2004.159.217), Bhargava proves that for fixed $D \neq 0$, there is a bijective correspondence ...
6
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References for Gauss Composition using Galois Cohomology
Note: I have already posted this on stackexchange, but have not yet gotten a response.
What are some good references for the Gauss composition law on binary quadratic forms in terms of Galois ...
5
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500
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Two conjectures for primes $p\equiv 1\pmod 8$
Motivated by my paper Quadratic residues and quartic residues modulo primes [Int. J. Number Theory 16 (2020), 1833-1858], here I pose two new conjectures for primes $p\equiv1\pmod8$ based on my ...
5
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359
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primes represented by indefinite quadratic forms
Let $Q$ be an indefinite binary quadratic form with discriminant $D$ and one class per genus (keep the example $x^2 - 2y^2$ in mind). If one asks about the set $P = \{ p : p \text{ prime and } p = Q(...
4
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129
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Probability of quadratic real solutions
Solving geometric equations that sometimes lead to complex solutions made me
wonder how commonly this occurs.
I have two quadratic polynomial equations in $x$ and $y$,
$$a\, x^2 + b\, x y + c\, y^2 + ...
4
votes
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148
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Local-to-global principle for equivalence of binary quadratic forms
Let $f,g$ be irreducible binary quadratic forms with integer coefficients. Define the twisted action of $\operatorname{GL}_2(\mathbb{R})$ on $f$ by
$$\displaystyle f_T(x,y) = \frac{1}{\det T} f(t_1 ...
4
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285
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Cycle length and total count of Gauss reduced indefinite binary quadratic forms
Wikipedia lists two articles on maximum length for the continued fraction of $\sqrt n,$ Hickerson 1973 and Cohn 1977. There is a mess in the references, Cohn is not visible, just the link.
Hmmm. ...
3
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Conjectures for primes $p\equiv1\pmod3$
Let $p$ be a prime with $p\equiv1\pmod3$. It is well known that we can write $p$ uniquely as $a_p^2+a_pb_p+b_p^2$ with $a_p,b_p\in\mathbb Z$ and $a_p>b_p>0$.
Note that $a_b\not \equiv b_p\pmod3$....
3
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127
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Which integers are represented by fourth powers (with respect to Gauss composition) of binary quadratic forms?
Let $m$ be a positive integer. We say that $m$ can be represented by a binary quadratic form
$$\displaystyle f(x,y) = ax^2 + bxy + cy^2, a,b,c \in \mathbb{Z}$$
if there exist integers $u,v$ such ...
3
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Does $(p-1)^2$ divide $\det[(\frac{i^2+cij+dj^2}p)]_{0\le i,j\le p-1}$ when $(\frac dp)=-1$?
Let $p$ be an odd prime. As in my paper, for $c,d\in\mathbb Z$ let us define
$$[c,d]_p:=\det\left[\left(\frac{i^2+cij+dj^2}p\right)\right]_{0\le i,j\le p-1},$$
where $(\frac{\cdot}p)$ is the Legendre ...
3
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108
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Similar reduced integral matrices
Let $d\geq 1$ be an integer. I'm not assuming anything here about $d$ (it is not necessarily squarefree, for example), but if necessary I'm willing to reduce to the case where $d$ is squarefree and $-...
3
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111
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On covering with Idoneal integers
$d\in\Bbb N$ is an idoneal integer if $N\in\Bbb N_{>1}$ can be written uniquely as $N=x^2\pm dy^2$ then $N=2^mp^n$ where $p$ is odd prime and $n\geq0$ and $m\geq0$ holds.
Let the $65$ known ...
3
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128
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An asymptotic formula involving the $2$-torsion subgroup of the class group of real quadratic fields
Let $R$ be an order in some number field $K$ (not necessarily maximal). Then the class number $\text{Cl}(R)$ is equal to the cardinality of the Picard group of $R$, which is the group of equivalence ...
3
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128
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Binary Quadratic Forms with coefficients in $F_q[T]$
I aim to study the binary forms $ax^2 + bxy + cy^2 = (a,b,c)$ where $a,b,c \in {F_q}[T]$ (charasteristic of $F_q$ not 2) in particular those such that the discriminant $D = b^2 - 4ac \in F_q[T]$ has ...
2
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150
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Eisenstein series evaluated at $2i$
Consider the real analytic Eisenstein series defined by
$$
E(z,s) := \sum_{\gamma\in\Gamma_\infty\setminus\Gamma} Im(\gamma z)^s
$$
where as usual, $\Gamma=SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ and $\Gamma_\infty$ is the ...
2
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231
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Correspondence between class group of binary quadratic forms and the narrow class group via Dirichlet composition: an elementary approach?
I have been trying to explore and learn about connections between the form class group and the ideal class group. To be on the same page, we define the form class group of a negative discriminant $D \...
2
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43
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Distribution of binary quadratic forms in a given genus
It was brought up in this question (Distribution of 'square classes' of binary quadratic forms) that the objects I am interested in are actually binary quadratic forms in the principal genus ...
2
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115
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Conjectural bound on gaps between values assumed by quadratic forms
Let $D$ be a discriminant, i.e., $D \equiv 1 \pmod{4}$ or $D \equiv 0 \pmod{4}$. Let $\mathcal{S}(D)$ be the set of positive integers for which there exists a binary quadratic form $f$ with integer ...
1
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64
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Is there an available English translation for Artin's "Quadratische Körper im Gebiete der höheren Kongruenzen"?
Otherwise, is it reasonable to work through the German edition with only a basic knowledge of German?
1
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115
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Number of representations by indefinite quadratic forms
Let $Q(x,y) = a x^2 + b x y + c y^2$ be a quadratic form with positive discriminant $d = b^2 - 4 a c > 0$. Is it true that the number of solutions to $Q(x,y) = n$ is bounded above by $\ll_{\...
1
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0
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104
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Equidistribution of integers and primes with respect to class group structure of imaginary quadratic fields
For a given positive integer $d$ such that $-d$ is a fundamental discriminant, put $h(-d)$ for the cardinality of the ideal class group of the imaginary quadratic field $K_d = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d})$, ...
1
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0
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94
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Reducible binary quadratic form
Let $f(x,y)=(ex+fy)(gx+hy); \ x,y,e,f,g,h \in \mathbb{Z}$ be a reducible integral binary quadratic form. Is there a criterion to determine if a number is represented by this form? In particular, does ...
1
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95
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Counting 'admissible' binary quadratic forms
Let $f(x,y) = f_2 x^2 + f_1 xy + f_0 y^2$ be a primitive, positive definite, and reduced binary quadratic form. Put $k_f$ for the fundamental discriminant associated to $f$. That is, $k_f$ is square-...
0
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138
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Positive definite quadratic form algorithm
Let $f(x,y)= ax^2+bxy+cy^2$, or similarly denote it by $(a,b,c)$. This question is about the case $(1,0,p)$ where $p$ is prime. Suppose I have one solution $\bar{x}_1=(x_0,y_0)$ for $f(x,y)=m$ for ...
0
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0
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293
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MIQP formulation in L0 norm optimization
Consider the L0 norm compressed sensing problem:
$$\eqalign{
& \min \quad {x^T}Qx + {c^T}x + {\mu\left\| x \right\|_0} \cr
& s.t:\quad Ax \le b \cr} $$
Suppose I do want to solve this ...