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It is well-known that the Euler $\phi$-function is multiplicative: that is, for co-prime positive integers $m,n$ we have $\phi(mn) = \phi(m)\phi(n)$. Thus it is defined by its values on prime powers. ...

The Dedekind psi function is defined for a positive integer $m>1$ as $$\psi(m)=m\prod_{\substack{p\mid m\\p\text{ prime}}}\left(1+\frac{1}{p}\right)\tag{1}$$ with the definition $\psi(1)=1$. See ...

The equation $x_1x_2+y_1y_2=n$ is well-studied (Ingham, Heath-Brown, Deshouillers & Iwaniec, Ismoilov) because it arises in an additive divisor problem. The number of solutions in positive ...

There is a large literature on Hooley's $$ \Delta(n)=\max_u\sum_{d|n,\ e^u\le d< e^{u+1}}1 $$ giving its normal and average order. What is known of its maximal order? Clearly $\Delta(n)\le d(n)$ ...