Questions tagged [analytic-number-theory]
On the blending of real/complex analysis with number theory. The study involves distribution of prime numbers and other problems and helps giving asymptotic estimates to these.
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Möbius square root function: existence of multiplicative and bounded function
With $\mu$ being the Möbius function, there exist infinite possibilities of square roots. For example, for each $n$ such that $\mu(n)\neq 0$ there is a choice: if $\mu(n)=-1$, we can choose to define $...
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Closed form expression for this zeta-like series involving GCD and LCM
I am looking for a closed form for this function $\Lambda:\mathbb{Q}^+\to\mathbb{R}^+$:
$$\Lambda(q) = \sum_{m,n\geq 1}\left(\frac{q\wedge\frac{m}{n}}{q\vee\frac{m}{n}}\right)^\alpha\left(\frac{m \...
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"Genus theory" for elliptic curve $L$-functions
Let $d$ be a positive integer, so that $-d$ is a fundamental discriminant. This means that $d$ is square-free at odd primes and $\nu_2(d) \in \{0, 2, 3\}$. Further, if $\nu_2(d) > 0$ then $-d 2^{-\...
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Trying to understand last part of the proof of normalized prime gap
We know that $$\liminf_{n\to\infty}{\frac{p_{n+1}-p_n}{\log p_n}}=0.$$
I'm trying to figure out the proof and I have read a lot of documents, I asked a question here. Still I can't see what's going on....
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Asymptotic behavior in a modular color-cycling problem
Consider the following problem: We have $k$ rooms, each equipped with a light that cycles through three colors – red, green, and blue – in a cyclic order. Initially, all lights are set to red. Each of ...
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Error term of Fourier series for fractional part
In a paper of Heath-Bown
The Pjateckiĭ-Šapiro prime number theorem, Journal of Number Theory 16 Issue 2 (1983) pp 242–266, MR698168, Zbl 0513.10042.
on page 245, there is a Fourier expension of ...
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Understanding the proof of Goldston–Pintz–Yíldírím's theorem
I hope this question fits the mission of this site.
In "Primes in Tuples I" theorem 2 says,
$$\liminf_{n\to\infty}{\frac{p_{n+1}-p_n}{\log p_n}}=0.$$
After a sieving progress you get $$h>\...
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$\sum_n a_n/n$, $\sum_n a_n/n^\rho$, $\sum_n a_n$… Tauberian theorems?
In analytic number theory, it is common to prove that $$\sum_{n\leq N} \frac{a_n}{n} = o(\log N)\tag{$\star$}\label{476699_star}$$ for some sequence $\{a_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$, $a_n\in \mathbb{C}$. (It is ...
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On lacunary series connected with prime number theory
Consider the following lacunary sum with parameter $x$:
$$S(x)=\sum_{n=5}^{\infty}\sin^2\left(\frac{x\Gamma(n)}{n}\right).$$
As we can see for $x=\frac{\pi}{2}$
the sum becomes$$\sum_p\cos^2\left(\...
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approximate value of Dedekind eta function [closed]
approximate value of $\eta(\frac{i}{\sqrt{24N}})$ , Where $N$ is a large positive integer ?
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Are there infinitely many primes $p$ such that $p +2$ has at most two distinct prime factors?
using lower bound sieve, one can show that there are infinitely many prime $p$ such that $p+2$ has at most four distinct prime factors [Theorem 10.2.1, 1].
Has there been any improvement of the above ...
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Explicit bounds on gaps between zeros of $\zeta^\prime(s)$
In $\S$9.1 of "Theory of the Riemann Zeta Function", Titchmarsh uses Borel-Carathéodory and Hadamard Three Circles to show that every circle of radius 6 and center $3+iT$ contains a zeros of ...
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What are necessary and/or sufficient conditions for a Dirichlet series to admit analytic continuation?
Let $A = \{a(n)\}_{n \geq 1}$ be a sequence of complex numbers. By normalizing, we may as well assume that $|a(n)| \leq 1$ for all $n \geq 1$. Under this assumption, the Dirichlet series
$\...
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Best known results on lattice point counting inside an ellipse
Consider a positive definite and primitive integral binary quadratic form
$\displaystyle f(x,y) = ax^2 + bxy + cy^2$
which is reduced in the Gaussian sense: that is, we have the inequalities
$\...
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Accentuating the appearance of convergence of the Möbius function Dirichlet series on the line $\sigma = \frac{2}{3}$ in the critical strip
Set the constant $c$ to:
$$c = -\frac{3}{4}$$
which is in the interval: $$-1 < c < 0$$
and let the matrix $A$ be:
$$A(n,k)=[k|n] - [n=k](1+c)$$
Then form the matrix power series:
$$M=\sum _{n \...
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Bounding an expression equivalent to Mertens function
Cross-posted from MathStackExchange, where the question is bountied but has not received any comment or answer)
Some months ago, I derived the following formula for the Merten's function $M(n)$ using ...
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On a functional equation of Mahler?
Recently, I was trying to introduce the concept of natural boundaries to a fellow math student, and what greater way to do this than using an example? In particular, I tried to use as an illustration, ...
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A Brun-Titchmarsh type result for divisor sums; asymptotic/improved bound
In Shiu's work ('A Brun-Titchmarsh theorem for multiplicative functions') he proved that if $r\le x$ is a natural number, we have $$\sum_{r<n\le x}d(n)d(n-r)\ll x\log^2x\sum_{d|r}\frac{1}{d}.$$
I ...
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Exotic series for some mathematical constants from String Theory
Following these MO posts from Timothy Chow and Henri Cohen and their comments, based on Saha & Sinha's String Theory article, I have found three series for $\pi$, Apéry's constant $\zeta(3)$ and ...
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Behavior of $m(x)\sqrt{x}$ where $m(x)=\sum_{n\leq x}\frac{\mu(n)}{n}$
Let $M(x) = \sum_{n\leq x} \mu(n)$ and $m(x) = \sum_{n\leq x} \frac{\mu(n)}{n}$, where $\mu(n)$ is the Möbius function.
We know that (it is not the best known bounds):
$$\limsup_{x \to \infty} M(x)x^{-...
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Reference for Mellin inversion; Meijer G-function
We have $$\frac {\Gamma (a)}{2^a}=\int _{(c)}\Gamma (s)\Gamma (a-s)\,ds,$$ see e.g. Exercise C.23 of Montgomery and Vaughan's "Multiplicative Number Theory".
I would like a similar formula ...
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Series with fractional part and inverses
For $(d,d')=1$ let $$d\overline d\equiv 1(d')\hspace {10mm}d'\overline {d'}\equiv 1(d).$$ For a multiplicative function $g$ (maybe even just take $g$ the identity or $g(n)=1/n$) is there anything at ...
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Elementary functions such that $\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} f(n) \left( \zeta(n)-1 \right)$ can be evaluated, but $\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} f(n)$ can't
Background
The general context for this question is the topic of rational zeta series. What I've found so far, is that it usually the case that sums of the form $$\zeta_{f} := \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} f(n) ...
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Do plots $(5)$ and $(6)$ go to infinity not at the same rate but at similar rates?
The following has been proven by joriki and GH from MO (see here): assuming that $n>1$, then the von Mangoldt function
$$
\Lambda(n)=\lim\limits_{s \rightarrow 1} \zeta(s)\sum\limits_{d|n} \frac{\...
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Convergence and meromorphic continuation of a Dirichlet series under RH
Consider a Dirichlet series $F(s) = \sum_{n\geq1} \frac{a_{n}}{n^{s}}$ such that $a_{n} = O(1)$. Suppose the Dirichlet series
$$\zeta(s)F(s)=\sum_{n\geq1} \frac{(a\star1)(n)}{n^{s}}$$
converges ...
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On an oscillatory property of the Riemann Xi-function
In their paper "The Integral of the Riemann Xi-Function", Lagarias and Montague mention Wintner's 1947 proof that
$$
\Xi^{(-1)}(t) > 0 \quad \text{when} \quad t > 0.
$$
This result ...
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Generalizations of Hamburger's Theorem
(Despite the name, the theorem in question is not a joke nor is it a statement about a delicious food).
An old theorem of Hans Hamburger from 1921, as stated in Marvin Knopp's paper "On Dirichlet ...
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Rate of convergence of the Riemann zeta function and the Euler product formula
We consider the Euler product formula $$\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{n^s}=\prod_p \frac{1}{1-p^{-s}}$$
I have two questions about this equality:
1)Does the rate of convergence of each side ...
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Possible implications of the bound $\sum_{n\leq x}\sum_{m_{1}+m_{2}=n}\lambda\left(m_{1}\right)\lambda\left(m_{2}\right)=O\left(x\right)$
Let $\lambda(n)$ be the Liouville function and consider the Goldbach-type problem $\sum_{m_{1}+m_{2}=n}\lambda\left(m_{1}\right)\lambda\left(m_{2}\right)$. Assume the Riemann hypothesis, the ...
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General argument strategy for counting functions in AP's
For concreteness I'll refer to the divisor function but just pick your favourite multiplicative $f:\mathbb N\rightarrow \mathbb C$.
If I want to estimate $$\sum _{n\leq x}d(n)$$ then I can write it as ...
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Can exist a positive integer number $x$ such that $a_1=x$ and $a_n=2a_{n-1}+1$ are not prime for all $n \ge 1$?
Using my computer, I found that the most of positive integer number $x$ such that $a_1=x$ and $a_n=2a_{n-1}+1$ is prime number after a few iterations. But exist some positive integer numbers, my ...
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Distribution of traces and max entries of words of fixed length in $\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb{N})$
$\DeclareMathOperator\SL{SL}\DeclareMathOperator\tr{\mathsf{tr}}$$\SL_2(\mathbb{N})$ is a free monoid on the generators
$$
L=\begin{pmatrix}1&0\\1&1\end{pmatrix},\quad R=\begin{pmatrix}1&1\...
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Formula for $\pi$ involving exponents of Mersenne primes
Can someone provide a proof for the following claim?
$$\pi=\dfrac{S_0S_2}{M_3M_5} \cdot\left(\displaystyle\prod_{p \equiv 1 \pmod{4} } \frac{p}{p-1}\right) \cdot \left(\displaystyle\prod_{p \equiv 3 \...
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Systematic way to compute $\sum_{n=1}^\infty P(n) / Q(n)$ for polynomials $P$ and $Q$
This may be well known so feel free to downvote.
When $P = 1$ and $Q(x) = x^k$, this is of course the Riemann zeta function. But what about other cases?
For instance is it always possible to express $\...
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Division based recurrence with negative coefficients, e.g. $F(n)= -F(\lfloor n/2\rfloor) - F(\lfloor n/3\rfloor)$
A famous problem of Erdos dealt with the division-based recurrence $a_n = a_{\lfloor n/2\rfloor}+a_{\lfloor n/3\rfloor}+a_{\lfloor n/6\rfloor}$ with $a_0=1$ (and was about the limit $\lim_{n\to\infty} ...
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Can we rule out the possibility that $\sqrt[3]{2}$ is small modulo every prime?
Consider a prime $p$ such that the polynomial $X^3-2$ splits into linear factors over $\mathbb{F}_p$: $X^3-2 = (X-\alpha_p)(X-\beta_p)(X-\gamma_p)$. It seems reasonable to expect that (identifying $\...
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Subconvexity bounds for Dedekind zeta functions of cyclotomic fields
I am looking for hybrid subconvexity bounds on $|\zeta_K(1/2+it)|$ where $K=\mathbb{Q}(\mu_n)$ is the cyclotomic field with $n$th roots of unity. Basically, I am looking for
$$|\zeta_K(1/2+it)| \ll |\...
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Other kind of supercongruences for rational Ramanujan-like series
We can write rational Ramanujan-like series with rational parameters in the following form:
$$
\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \left( \prod_{i=0}^{2m} \frac{(s_i)_{n}}{(1)_{n}} \right) z_0^{n} \sum_{k=0}^m a_k n^...
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Record for determining complete list of imaginary quadratic fields with small class number
In 2003, Mark Watkins (Class numbers of imaginary quadratic fields) determined all imaginary quadratic fields having class number at most 100.
Has this list been improved? That is, what is the largest ...
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The exponential sum over primes on average
In https://academic.oup.com/blms/article-abstract/20/2/121/266256?redirectedFrom=fulltext Vaughan shows the following bounds for the $L^1$-mean of the exponential sum over primes $$\sqrt x\ll \int _0^...
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The location of the zeros of the "new" function $\Psi(s)=\sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{\frac{1}{n!^s}}$
Defining the Psi function as $$\Psi(s)=\sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{\frac{1}{n!^s}}$$ and by studying, from a numerical point of view, the location of the zeros in the complex plane up to $0<\Im(s)<...
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Reference for accelerated sum to compute the Meissel-Mertens constant
The Meissel-Mertens constant
$$ B_1 = \lim_{n \to \infty} \left(\sum_{p \leq n} \frac{1}{p} - \log\log n\right) $$
has the series representation
$$
\begin{equation} \tag{1}
B_1 = \gamma + \sum_{n=2}^{...
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Density of numbers with a large prime factor in specified arithmetic progression
I am looking for an answer to the following question.
Fix some coprime integers $a$ and $b$ and let $S_x$ be the set of positive integers $n<x$ such that there exists a prime factor $p$ of $n$ with ...
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Is "self-dual" equivalent to "dihedral" for Maass forms on $\mathrm{GL}(2)$?
Suppose $f$ is a Maass cusp form on $\Gamma_0(D)$. The associated symmetric square $L$-function $L(\mathrm{sym}^2 f, s)$ has a pole at $s = 1$ if and only if $f = \overline{f}$ (if $f$ is self-dual).
...
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Primes such that a given number has very small order
The following came up in (a previous version of) this answer.
Question. Let $a > 1$ be a positive integer, and $f \in \mathbf Z[x]$ a polynomial with positive leading term. Does there always exist ...
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On $\Re\frac{\zeta'}{\zeta}(s) \geq -A \log(|t|+4)$ for some $A>0$
On page 438 of "Multiplicative Number Theory I" by Montgomery-Vaughan one finds the following statement and its verification :
Assuming RH, there exists an absolute constant $A>0$ such ...
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Sign of $\Re\frac{\xi'(s)}{\xi(s)}$ locally around a zeta zero
In the article ”On a positivity property of the real part of logarithmic derivative of the Riemann $\xi$–function” the authors check the positivity of $\Re \frac{\xi'}{\xi}(s)$ for $\frac{1}{2}<\...
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Automorphy of the twisted representation
The Artin reciprocity says that if
$$
\chi: \operatorname{Gal}(K/\mathbb Q) \to \mathbb C
$$
is a 1-dimensional representation of a finite Galois extension $K/ \mathbb Q$, then it corresponds to a ...
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Estimates for the first coefficient of the Taylor expansion of $\zeta$ around a zero
Let's suppose that $s_0=\frac{1}{2}-\Delta+it$ with $0<\Delta<\frac{1}{2}$ is a simple zeta zero (i.e a zero not on the critical line). Then $1-\overline{s_0}$ is also a zero.
If we take the ...
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Exponential sums involving smooth truncated divisor functions
Let $p$ be a prime, $a \neq 0$ an integer, let $M,N \gg 1$ and let $\psi,\eta$ be some fixed Schwartz functions. Would you know of any references in the literature where upper bounds for sums such as
$...
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