Here's a question that recently came up for me that I feel sure must have a canonical answer.
Background. It's not so hard to prove that if you take a triple of points on a C^2 curve and take the limit of the inverse of the radius of the unique circle through the points as the points approach a single point x you get the curvature of the curve at x. Since the radius of this circumcircle can be written in terms of Cayley-Menger determinants, this gives curvature as a limit of (extrinsic) distance information.
Similarly, I think that for a C^1 curve, you can easily show that the curve is ``locally flat'' in the sense that the area of the triangle formed by a triple of points on the curve (divided by the square of the diameter of the triangle, say, to make it scale-invariant) approaches zero. This is probably even true for curves somewhat weirder than C^1, as long as they don't actually have corners.
Question. So what's the generalization for hypersurfaces (or just manifolds embedded in some Euclidean space)? It seems like exactly the same limits (inverse radius of circumsphere, quotient of volume of simplex by appropriate power of diameter) should be defined for n+2-tuples of points on an n-dimensional manifold. In particular, I'd like to know the following:
Is the limit of the inverse radius of circumsphere as points collapse to a single point the scalar curvature at the collapse point?
Is the ``locally flat'' condition (that is, "limit of (volume of simplex)/(diameter of simplex)^n+1 -> 0 as configuration collapses to a single point") implied by C^1? Does it imply C^1?