To rephrase José Figueroa-O'Farrill's comment above - a 7-dimensional simple exceptional Malcev algebra (which is a quotient of octonions under the commutator by 1-dimensional center). But, really, I find the question is formulated badly: just skew-commutativity is a very mild restriction to say something meaningful about an algebra in general, so it's almost the same as to ask for "famous" examples of a (nonassociative) algebra.
No, this is not true. I was able to construct counterexamples on computer, as finite-dimensional quotients of free algebras in respective "Engel varieties", but all they are large and cumbersome. Shorther examples can be found in the following paper by Koreshkov and Kharitonov, which, apparently, was published twice:
About nilpotency of Engel algebras, Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics (ed. D. Krob et al.), Springer, 2000, 461-467; ZBL: 0983.17003 [available on google books and amazon]
Nilpotency of the Engel algebras, Russ. Math. (Izv. VUZ) 45 (2001), No. 11, 15-18; ZBL: 1103.17300
They prove also that this is true for algebras of dimension $\le 4$. It is also easy to see (and is recorded, for example, in: V.T. Filippov, Binary Lie algebras satisfying the third Engel condition, Siber. Math. J. 49 (2008), N4, 744-748; DOI: 10.1007/s11202-008-0071-3) that the second Engel condition implies nilpotency of degree $4$.
On the other hand, Engel(-like) theorems were established for many particular ("famous"?) classes of anticommutative algebras considered in the literature: binary-Lie, Malcev, and some other generalizations of Lie algebras, and it is an open question, as far as I know, for Sagle algebras.