1
$\begingroup$

Let's consider the following Euler product ($s=\sigma+it)$:

$$ P(s)=\prod_{p \; \text{prime}} \frac{1}{1-p^{-s}} \; e^{-p^{-s}}$$

So for $\sigma>1$, it is clear the product converges and we have:

$$ P(s)=\zeta(s) \prod_{p \; \text{prime}} e^{-p^{-s}} = \zeta(s) B(s)$$

But for $\frac{1}{2} <\sigma \leq 1$, the product $P(s)$ is also converging (taking the log of $P(s)$ we see it is absolutely convergent), so on this interval (if $B(s)$ can be analytically continued), then can we write that we have also following relation ?:

$$ P(s)=\prod_{p \; \text{prime}} \frac{1}{1-p^{-s}} \; e^{-p^{-s}} = \zeta(s) B(s)$$

(even if on this interval the Euler product does not converge for $P(s)$ or $\zeta(s)$. We have $P(s)$ and $\zeta(s) B(s)$ which coincide for $\sigma >1$).

I would say no, as the zeros of $\zeta$ seems to disappear in the product... but why exactly the equality does not hold ?

Note: maybe in my example the function $B(s)$ is not optimum because I do not know if it can be prolonged analytically for $\frac{1}{2} <\sigma \leq 1$, but imagine a function that makes the Euler product to converge (same principle as above) and can be prolonged analytically for $\frac{1}{2} <\sigma \leq 1$, then can we say that equality will hold also for $\frac{1}{2} <\sigma \leq 1$.

$\endgroup$
7
  • 2
    $\begingroup$ If $P(s)$ is indeed analytic for $\frac{1}{2} < \sigma \le 1$ (note the non-strict inequality on the right), then is the definition $B(s) = P(s) / \zeta(s)$ not an analytic continuation of $B(s)$ to that region? $\endgroup$
    – Bma
    Commented Apr 26, 2022 at 14:30
  • $\begingroup$ Yes, I would say you are right. $\endgroup$
    – Bertrand
    Commented Apr 27, 2022 at 12:50
  • $\begingroup$ Better put, $B(s)$ would be analytic except at the zeroes of $\zeta$ where it has poles $\endgroup$
    – Conrad
    Commented Apr 27, 2022 at 12:52
  • $\begingroup$ Yes, you are right. And can we write that $P(s)=\zeta(s) B(s)$ in this strip ? It would mean the zeros of $P(s)$ in this strip are same as Zeta ? Strange for me. $\endgroup$
    – Bertrand
    Commented Apr 27, 2022 at 12:57
  • $\begingroup$ No, $P$ has no zeroes, while the zeroes of $\zeta$ are cancelled by the poles of $B$: a simple example of this is $\xi$ who is entire and a product of $\zeta$ and $\Gamma$ and some non zero powers and for which the trivial zeroes of $\zeta$ cancel the poles of $\Gamma$ $\endgroup$
    – Conrad
    Commented Apr 27, 2022 at 12:59

0

You must log in to answer this question.