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I am new to the topic, so I'm trying to get an overview. I am aware of the relation between modular forms and $L$-series (but don't know what that does) and FLT.

Are there other applications of modular forms other than counting problems (by obtaining the coefficients of a series) in number theory?

A short list would be sufficient but a little more detail with that would be helpful.

EDIT: I am aware of this post but my question is specifically on number theory.

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Modular forms are used to solve Fermat's last theorem, Mock modular forms are used in black holes theory. I read also in Quanta magazine that Eisenstein series are used to compute what we call Monster group. https://d2r55xnwy6nx47.cloudfront.net/uploads/2017/08/symmetry-algebra-and-the-monster-20170817.pdf Here is an interesting article to see the beautiful application of modular forms in astronomy https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=795545447309716&id=247304225467177

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    $\begingroup$ OP asks for applications in Number Theory. Black holes, Monster group, and astronomy don't qualify. $\endgroup$
    – Gerry Myerson
    Commented Nov 4, 2020 at 22:26

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