Here is a solution for even $k\leq d$.
I. A lower bound for even $k$.
Simple lower bound (for $k$ even) follows from standard combinatorics of events
and Bonferroni's inequalities. We need the following special case. (See e.g. Feller I (1968), p109/110.)
Let $(X_1,\ldots,X_d)$ be 0-1 variables, denote by
$\sigma_j(X_1,\ldots,X_d)$ the $j$-th elementary symmetric function of $X_1,\ldots,X_d$, and let
$S:=X_1+\ldots +X_d$. Further let $\mathbb{P}(S=1)$ the probability that exactly one $X_i=1$.
Then \begin{align*}
\mathbb{P}(S=1)=\sum_{j=1}^d (-1)^{j-1} j\, \mathbb{E}\sigma_j(X_1,\ldots,X_d) \end{align*}
and
if in the sum for $\mathbb{P}(S=1)$ only the first $r$ terms are kept while the remaining terms are dropped, then the error (i.e. true value minus approximation) has the
sign of the first omitted term, and is not larger in absolute value (``Bonferroni's inequalities'') .
Now let in your situation $A_i$ the event ``the $i$-th coin shows head'' and $X_i:=1_{A_i}$. Then by assumption $X_1,...,X_d$ are identically distributed with $P(X_1=1)=\frac{1}{d}$ and $k$-wise independent.. Thus for $j=0,\ldots,k$
$$\mathbb{E}\sigma_j(X_1,\ldots,X_d)={ d\choose j}\frac{1}{d^j}$$
and (by Bonferroni's inequalities above) for $k$ even
$$\mathbb{P}(S=1)\geq \sum_{j=1}^k (-1)^{j-1} j\, { d\choose j}\frac{1}{d^j}=\sum_{j=0}^{k-1}(-1)^j { d-1\choose j}\frac{1}{d^j}$$
II. A matching construction
(Here we allow general success probability $p$.) The bound will be sharp when $\mathbb{E}\sigma_j(X_1,\ldots,X_d)=0$ for $j>k$. This will certainly be true $S=X_1+\ldots +X_d$ takes only values in $\{0,\ldots,k\}$.
We therefore try to find a distribution of the form
$$\mathbb{P}(X_1=x_1,\ldots,X_d=x_d)=a(x_1+\ldots+x_d)$$
(the easiest case, the joint distribution depends only on the ``weight'' )
with $a(i)=0$ for $i > k$.
We want $X_1,\ldots,X_d$ to be $k$-wise independent and identically distributed with $\mathbb{P}(X_1=1)=p$.
This will be true if for $j=0,...,k$
$$\sum_{i=j}^d {d-j \choose i-j}a(i)=p^j\;\;.$$
Solving this (triangular) system of linear equations we find that for $j=0,\ldots,k$ we have to set
$$a(j)=p^j\sum_{i=0}^{k-j}(-1)^i {d-j \choose i} p^i\;\;.$$
These values will be a solution of the probabilistic problem if they are nonnegative. For $p=\frac{1}{d}$ this is easily shown to be the case. Thus in this case $\mathbb{P}(S=1)$ attains for even $k$ the lower bound given above.
Remarks:
(1) similarly, the construction achieves the corresponding ``Bonferroni upper bounds'' for odd $k$.
(2) for the case $k=d$ the probability
$$\mathbb{P}(S=1)=(1-\frac{1}{d})^{d-1}=\sum_{j=0}^{d-1}(-1)^j { d-1\choose j}\frac{1}{d^j}\;\;,$$ and the lower and upper bounds for the $k$-wise independent cases are just
the even resp. odd partial sums of the right hand side.
NOTE: for a given $k$ all $p\leq \frac{1}{d-k+1}$ give a probabilistic solution. The extreme cases $p=\frac{1}{d-k+1}$ of this construction
appear in problems 6 and 7 of the "Mathematical Preliminaries Redux" section in fascicle 5 of volume 4 of "The Art of Computer Programming".
