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Let $\pi\colon X\to Y$ be a proper morphism of smooth complex algebraic varieties with $\dim X = 2n$ and general fibers of dimension $<n$. Assume that $F := \pi^{-1}(p)$ is a an irreducible and reduced $n$-dimensional fiber, is it true that $F^2<0$?

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  • $\begingroup$ How do you interpret $F^2$ as a number? $\endgroup$
    – Henri
    Commented Oct 17, 2019 at 13:11
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    $\begingroup$ For simplicity asume $X$ to be complete. Then $F$ defines a class in $H^{2n}(X,\mathbb Z)$ and $F^2$ corresponds to a number via $H^{2n}(X,\mathbb Z)\times H^{2n}(X,\mathbb Z)\to H^{4n}(X,\mathbb Z)\cong\mathbb Z$. $\endgroup$
    – bog
    Commented Oct 17, 2019 at 14:26
  • $\begingroup$ thanks. I had read that $\pi$ was of relative dimension $n$ which is why I got confused $\endgroup$
    – Henri
    Commented Oct 17, 2019 at 16:30

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