what do we know about the product $\prod_{n\in \mathbb{N}}(1-\frac{x^m}{n^m})?$ My question is what do we know about the product $\prod_{n\in \mathbb{N}}(1-\frac{x^m}{n^m})?$ which is a slightly modified product from the eulerian product.
 A: The even case $$\prod_{n \ge 1} (1-(x/n)^{2m}) =\prod_{a=1}^m \prod_{n \ge 1} (1- e^{2i \pi a/m}(x/n)^2)= \prod_{a=1}^m \frac{\sin(\pi e^{i \pi a/ m} x)}{\pi e^{i \pi a/ m} x}$$
Otherwise
$$\prod_{n \ge 1} (1-(x/n)^m) =\lim_{N \to \infty }\prod_{a=1}^m \prod_{n=1}^N (1- e^{2i \pi a/m}x/n)= \prod_{a=1}^m \frac{-e^{2i \pi a/ m} x}{\Gamma(-e^{2i \pi a/ m} x)}$$
A: Well, for $m=2$, we have the standard product $\prod_{n\in \mathbb N} (1-\frac {x^2} {n^2})=\frac {\sin(\pi x)} {\pi x}$.
If we denote your product by $P_m(x)$, then we can evaluate eg. $P_4(x)$ like this:   

$$(1-\frac {x^4} {n^4}) = (1-\frac {x^2} {n^2})(1+\frac {x^2} {n^2})=(1-\frac {x^2} {n^2})(1-\frac {(ix)^2} {n^2}).$$ Thus, $$P_4(x)=\frac {\sin(\pi x)} {\pi x} \frac {\sin(i \pi x)} {i\pi x}=\frac {\sin(\pi x) \sinh(\pi x)} {\pi^2 x^2}$$

We can write an interesting identity:  

$$\log P_m(x)=\sum_{n\in\mathbb N} \log (1-\frac {x^m} {n^m})=-\sum_{n=1}^\infty\sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac 1 k (\frac x m)^{mk}=-\sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac 1 k \zeta (mk) x^{mk}$$ 

By differentiating, we get  

$$\frac {P'_m(x)} {P_m(x)}=-\frac mx\sum_{k=1}^\infty \zeta(mk)x^{mk}$$

EDIT: Also, by using $1/\Gamma(z)=ze^{\gamma z}\Pi_{n\in \mathbb N} (1+\frac zn)e^{-z/n}$ and expanding $(1-z^3/n^3)$ as $(1-z/n)(\omega-z/n)(\omega^2-z/n)$, we get:

$$P_3(z)=\frac {1/z^3} {\Gamma(-z)\Gamma(-\omega z)\Gamma(-\omega^2 z)}$$ 

This is similar to  

$$P_2(z) = \frac {-1/z^2} {\Gamma(-z)\Gamma(z)} = \frac {\sin(\pi z)} {\pi z}$$ (by the reflection formula)  

I think it is easy to see now that those formulas generalize to all $m$. We just take $1/z^m$ (or $-1/z^m$ for $m$ even) and divide by the product of $\Gamma(-\rho z)$, where $\rho$ goes over all $m$-th roots of unity.  

$$P_m(z)=(-1)^{m+1}\frac 1 {z^m} \prod_\rho \frac 1 {\Gamma(-\rho z)}$$ 

For even $m$, this can be further reduced using the reflection formula, because the roots of unity form pairs (both $\rho$ and $-\rho$ are roots of unity).
