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Let's assume all axioms of $\text{Z}- \text{Infinity}$.

Now let $F$ be any function that is definable over the whole universe of discourse by a formula in the language of $\text{Z}$.

Now we define $F$ related accessibility $``ACC^F"$ as:

$$X \ ACC^F \alpha \iff \alpha <X \wedge \exists \beta < X \ \big{[}F \big{(}\bigcup(\alpha \cup \beta)\big{)} \geq X \big {]} $$

Where: $ x < y \iff \exists f (f:x\to y \wedge f \text{ is an injection}) \wedge \not \exists g (g: y \to x \wedge g \text{ is an injection})$

and: $ x \geq y \iff \exists f (f: y \to x \wedge f \text { is an injection} )$

Define $F$ related linear accessibility $``LACC^F"$ as:

$$X \ LACC^F \alpha \iff \alpha <X \wedge \exists \beta <X \ \big{[} \beta \ ACC^F \alpha \wedge F \big{(}\bigcup (\alpha \cup \beta)\big{)} \geq X \big{]} $$

$\text{Axiom schema of Accessibility:}$ if $F$ is a binary function symbol, and $\phi(y)$ is a formula in which $x$ doesn't occur free and $y$ occurs free and only free, then all closures of:

$$\exists \alpha \forall y [\phi(y) \to y \ LACC^F \alpha] \to \exists x \forall y \ [y \in x \leftrightarrow transitive(y) \wedge \phi(y) ]$$

are axioms.

Where: $ transitive(y) \iff \forall m \in y \ (m \subset y)$

Now $\text{Z}-\text{INF.} + \text{Accessibility}$ would prove $\text{Con(ZF)}$, I assume.

Should this theory be consistent, what is the consistency strength of $\text{Z}-\text{INF.}+ \text{Accessibility}$?

Does it prove Replacement?

Afternote: a continuation of the line of thought along this theory that might help salvage this approach is present at:

What is the consistency strength of Z+ Accessibility?

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  • $\begingroup$ In the last line, what is "Rank," and should "ZF" be "Z"? $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 11, 2018 at 19:13
  • $\begingroup$ The way it is now, the text is extremely confusing, I believe not only for me. Seems like mixture of something obsolete with something replacing it. Is not it possible to leave only the current state of the question? $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 12, 2018 at 11:41
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    $\begingroup$ OK, I'll post the corrections in another question $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 12, 2018 at 11:43
  • $\begingroup$ Good. I suppose the followup is "What is the consistency strength of Z+ Accessibility?"? Could you add a link to it in this question? $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 14, 2018 at 2:34

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Unless I'm missing something, this scheme is inconsistent.

Take $$F(x)=\bigcup_{y\in x}(\mathcal{P}(y)).$$ Then for all $X$ with more than one element and any $a$ with $a<X$ we have $X$ ACC$^F$ $a$: taking $b=\{\{X\}\}$, we have $\mathcal{P}(X)\subseteq F(\bigcup (a\cup b))$.

Now consider $\varphi(y)$ to be the statement "$y$ has more than two elements," and let $a=2$ ...

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