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It is known how to solve the SDE $dX=X\,dW$ to get a closed form expression of $X(t)=\exp(W_t-\frac{t}{2})$. The question is, is there also a way to solve

\begin{equation} \begin{cases} dX=X \, dW_1+Y \, dW_2 \\ dY=X \, dW_3+Y \, dW_4 \end{cases} \end{equation} where $X, Y$ are scalar-valued, and $W_1,W_2,W_3,W_4$ are i.i.d Wiener processes?

More generally, is it possible to solve $dX_i=X_i a_i \, dt+\sum_{j=1}^N X_j b_{ij} \,dW_{ij}$ where $i=1,\cdots,N$ f, and $a_i$ and $b_{ij}$ are constant scalars?

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  • $\begingroup$ Do you know about the multivariate Ito formula? $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 4, 2017 at 18:04
  • $\begingroup$ Yes, I know multivariate Ito formula. If you have a solution that needs it, please feel free to use it. The help is very much appreciated. $\endgroup$
    – Isley
    Commented Nov 5, 2017 at 1:08

1 Answer 1

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Let $A:=\text{diag}(a_1,\dots,a_N)$, the diagonal matrix with entries $a_1,\dots,a_N$. Let $U(t):=B\circ W(t)$, where $B:=(b_{ij})$ (the matrix of the $b_{ij}$'s), $W(t):=(W_{ij}(t))$ (the standard Wiener process in $\mathbb{R}^{N\times N}$), and $\circ$ is the Hadamard matrix product, so that $U_{ij}(t)=b_{ij}W_{ij}(t)$ for all $i,j,t$. Then it is rather straightforward to show that the quadratic variation of $U$ is \begin{equation} [U]_t=\lim\sum_{r=0}^{n-1}(U(t_{r+1})-U(t_r))^2=t\tilde B^2 \tag{1} \end{equation} for $t>0$, where $0=t_0<\dots<t_n=t$, the limit is in $L^2$ (and hence in probability) as $\max_r(t_{r+1}-t_r)\to0$, and
$$\tilde B^2:=\text{diag}(b_{11}^2,\dots,b_{NN}^2).$$

In general, there is apparently no explicit solution of the system of equation $dX_i=X_i a_i \, dt+\sum_{j=1}^N X_j b_{ij} \,dW_{ij}$; cf. the last line on page 2 of Duan--Yan.

Consider the special case when $A=aI_N$ and $\tilde B^2=b^2I_N$ for some real $a$ and $b$, and let \begin{equation} X(t):=e^{(a-b^2/2)t}e^{B\circ W(t)}X_0 \tag{2} \end{equation} with $X_0$ independent of $W(\cdot)$. Then it follows from (1) (say, along the lines of the derivation of the Ito formula for real-valued functions of a real-valued Ito process) that (2) is a solution to the system of equations $dX_i=X_i a_i \, dt+\sum_{j=1}^N X_j b_{ij} \,dW_{ij}$. The case of the displayed system of two stochastic differential equations in question is covered by this setting, with $N=2$, $a=0$, and $b=1$.

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