# simple normal crossing divisors on Fano manifold

Let $M$ be a Fano manifold. And $D=\mathop\sum\limits_{i=1}^r\tau_iD_i\in|-\lambda K_M|$ is a simple normal crossing $\mathbb{R}$-divisor where $\tau_i\in(0,1)$. Can we know that $D_i$s are ample (or $c_1(D_i)\geq 0$ for $i=1,\cdots,r$)? If not, for $D\in |-\lambda K_M|$, can we find such a decomposition of $D$ so that the condition "$c_1(D_i)\geq 0$ for $i=1,\cdots,r$" satisfies?

What if $M$ is a toric Fano manifold and $D_i$ are toric divisors corresponding to the faces of the moment polytope?

• What do you mean by "$c_1(D_i)\geq 0$"? Jun 8, 2016 at 5:37
• It means that the line bundle with respect to $D_i$ admits a Hermitian metric such that its curvature is semi-positive. Jun 8, 2016 at 6:25
• Or you can understand that $D_i$ is nef. Jun 8, 2016 at 6:26
• OK, I thought you might mean that.... Jun 8, 2016 at 6:30

Let $M=M_1\times M_2$ and $D_i$ the pull back of an anti-canonical divisor on $M_i$. Then $D_1+D_2\in |-K_M|$ but they are individually not ample. (They are nef though).

I don't know what you $\lambda$ is, but if you want coefficients strictly between $0$ and $1$, then choose two different anti-canonical divisor on each factor and multiply them by $1/2$.

To get an example with not nef components take $M$ to be the blow-up of $\mathbb P^n$ in a single point with $E\simeq \mathbb P^{n-1}$ the exceptional divisor. Then $M$ is a $\mathbb P^1$-bundle on $\mathbb P^{n-1}$. (There is a projection $\pi:M\to E$ with fibers isomorphic to $\mathbb P^1$).

Then the anti-canonical divisor of $M$ is something nef pulled-back from the $\mathbb P^{n-1}$ plus a multiple of $E$ which is not nef. More precisely, one can write $K_M\sim a\pi^*H+bE$ where $H\subseteq E$ is the hyperplane class. Now, if $F\simeq \mathbb P^1$ is a fiber of $\pi$, then $K_M|_{F}\sim K_{\mathbb P^1}$ so $b=-2$ and $(K_M+E)|_E\sim K_E\sim -nH$ and $E|_E\sim -H$, so $a=-(n+1)$, that is, $$-K_M \sim (n+1)\pi^*H +2 E.$$

You can also consider the blow-up morphism $\sigma: M\to \mathbb P^n$ and write $$-K_M \sim \sigma^*(-K_{\mathbb P^n}) - (n-1) E$$ in which case $-(n-1)E$ is not nef, but then the coefficients are not in the range you declared.

• I add a comment. And can we get that $D_i$ are nef? Jun 8, 2016 at 6:28
• Right, that's the obvious next question, but I think you can't get that either. Let me add more love to this answer. Jun 8, 2016 at 6:33
• If you take $M$ the blow up uf the projective plane at 3 points, there is an anticanonical divisor whose components are six $-1$-curves.
– rita
Jun 8, 2016 at 6:35
• Rita, that's a nice example! I guess on some level it is the same as mine, but more elegant! Jun 8, 2016 at 6:52
• Kovacs, thanks for your answer. But I am still confusing. The coefficient of $E$ in the anti-canonical divisor of $M$(in your answer) is minus, i.e. $-K_M= -K_{\mathbb{P}^n}- a E$ where $a>0$ so it is still nef. Is there something wrong in my statement? And if, please forgive me. Thank you again. Jun 8, 2016 at 7:05