# Extensions of Real Analytic to Holomorphic Functions in One & Several Variables: References?

A problem I'm working on requires the application of Cauchy's estimate for the modulus of the coefficients of a holomorphic function's power series representation, but the original functions with which I'm working are real analytic (sometimes in one variable, sometimes in several). I've located in-several-variables analogues of Cauchy's estimates, but I'm searching for theorems that address the extension of real analytic functions in several variables to holomorphic functions.

I've come across the following notes on Wikipedia and the Encyclopedia of Mathematics that address the univariate and multivariate cases, respectively:

If ƒ is an infinitely differentiable function defined on an open set D ⊂ R, then the following conditions are equivalent.

1) ƒ is real analytic.

2) There is a complex analytic extension of ƒ to an open set G ⊂ C which contains D.

Similarly, for any real analytic function f:U→ℝ and any $x_0 ∈ U$ there is an open neighborhood W in $ℂ^n$ of $x_0+0i$ and an holomorphic map $g:W→ℂ$ such that g coincides with f on $W \cap \{z:Im(z)=0\}$.

Unfortunately, searching through the references given at both pages hasn't turned up a name or theorem-to-cite for their claims, nor has digging through a number of texts/articles on real analytic functions or complex analysis in several variables. Is anyone familiar with an authoritative reference for these facts, or a name associated with either of them?

• Isn't this just "positive radius of convergence at each point", or am I missing something? Aug 14, 2015 at 6:16
• I think that's the case in the one-variable setting, but in the multivariate setting most of the references I'm seeing are to Reinhardt domains rather than high-dimensional spheres. If there's an analogue for the root test (or some similarly general convergence result) in $\mathbb{C}^n$ (?), I think that would work though. Aug 14, 2015 at 6:32
• This note seems to address my question exactly in Proposition 1.19, and supplies enough exposition that I think I can follow through his argument for its proof. Aug 14, 2015 at 6:54
• Surely polydisks are enough, even if they aren't the largest possible domain? Aug 14, 2015 at 7:13
• One thing that distinguishes functions of a single complex variable from those of several is that the region in which a power series converges has no simple canonical form in more than one variable, and certainly the region need not be a ball or polydisk, with the usual example $\sum_n (zw)^n$ in two variables. If one tries to address this issue, one will indeed run across Reinhardt domains and such, but that's not really necessary for basic convergence properties: a polydisk will suffice, I gather. Aug 15, 2015 at 14:51

You have to state a specific problem to get a reasonable answer. The proof of the statements you cite is trivial. A function is called analytic at $x_0$ if in some neighborhood of $x_0$ it is represented by its Taylor series at $x_0$. Here is does not matter whether $x_0$ and the neighborhood are real or complex.
But if a power series at $x_0$ is convergent at ANY point other than $x_0$, then it is automatically convergent is some COMPLEX disk around $x_0$.
This proves both statements that you cite. Now you are probably interested in the radius of the disk (or polydisk) in which it converges. One way to say something about it is to look how large the derivarives of $f$ at $x_0$ are. But I guess this you do not now. Then you need some information on how large is the complex neighborhood to which $f$ extends. For this you have to know something about your function.
So be more specific: what information about $f$ is available, and what you want to prove.