Let $S_u(x)$ be a Schubert polynomial and let $S_v(x;y)$ be a double Schubert polynomial. Then their product can be expressed in terms of the double Schubert polynomials as $$S_u(x)S_v(x;y)=\sum_w{c_{uv}^w(y)S_w(x;y)}$$ where the $c_{uv}^w(y)$ are polynomials in the $y$ variables.
If $u,v$ are Grassmannian permutations for the same parabolic subgroup, then the Molev-Sagan rule for factorial Schur functions implies that $c_{uv}^w(y)$ has nonnegative integer coefficients. Is it known whether $c_{uv}^w(y)$ has nonnegative coefficients for general permutations?
As mentioned in the comment below, I've tested this up to $n=6$. Since proving positivity of these coefficients subsumes proving positivity of the structure constants in ordinary cohomology of flag varieties, any proof with current tools would likely be geometric. I think the key would be the double/triple Schubert calculus mentioned in Knutson and Tao's paper "Puzzles and (equivariant) cohomology of Grassmannians," so I'm basically wondering if anyone has studied those concepts enough to have a geometric proof of positivity for the complete flag variety.