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Starting to research on quasicrystal from material science, I want to know more about how to understand quasicrystal from a purely mathematical (especially tiling) perspective (probably start from Penrose tiling). I am more familiar with Wang Tile from my previous experience, do you have any suggestion on where shall I start reading on this topic? Thank you.

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Two recommendations:

Senechal, Marjorie. Quasicrystals and geometry. Cambriged Univ Press, 1996. Review by Charles Radin in the AMS Notices: PDF download.
     


Baake, Michael. "A guide to mathematical quasicrystals." Quasicrystals. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. 17-48. (arXiv prepub link.)
      Fig.13.2
Maximum entropy equals $\frac{1}{3} \log 2$.

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If you really aim for substantial mathematical facts I also recommend "Aperiodic Order" by Baake and Grimm. (My account is so new that I cannot "comment" or "Vote up" or something.) The first 6 or 7 chapters are easy to understand for anyone with some basic knowledge on calculus and algebra. The next chapters are tougher. Already in the first 6-7 chapters you learn a lot not only on tilings but on all the relevant mathematics.

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Probably the best advice is to contact Marjorie Senechal at smith.edu (her email name is just her last name), since she has written and reviewed quite a few papers in this area. See for example an older expository note here and its references. Though she has recently retired from teaching, she is well-connected with the subject and the people involved.

There are many technical papers on quasicrystals, not all useful for a newcomer and not all readily accessible online. I'm not aware of good introductory sources at the textbook level, but I'm certainly not a specialist in this area. Marjorie might be helpful in figuring out what you need to look at first.

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The newly published "Aperiodic Order Volume 1. A Mathematical Invitation" by Baake and Grimm is also good. More daunting than Senechal's book, but clearly written and comprehensive.

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