Markov processes lacking the Feller property Let $E$ be a LCH second countable topological space and let $\mathcal{E}$ be its Borel $\sigma$-algebra.
Let $(P_t)_{t \geq 0}$ be a conservative transition function on $(E, \mathcal{E})$.
This means by definition that, $\forall t \geq 0$, $P_t : E \times \mathcal{E} \mapsto [0,1]$ such that:


*

*$\forall t \in [0,\infty)$,   $P_t(x,\cdot)$ is a probability measure on $E$ $\forall x \in E$

*$\forall t \in [0,\infty)$,   $P_t(\cdot, A)$ is $\mathcal{E}$-measurable $\forall A \in \mathcal{E}$

*$\forall t,s \in [0,\infty)$, $P_{t+s}(x,A) = \int_E P_t(x,dy) P_s(y,A)$, $\forall (x,A) \in E \times \mathcal{E}$ 
Assume further that $P$ is normal, i.e. $P_0(x,\cdot) = \delta_x \quad \forall x \in E$.
The so-called Feller property (as in Rogers and Williams and Revuz and Yor, some authors replace $C_0$ with $C_b$, I will probably ask on this point in another post) now reads as follows:
1 - for all $f \in \mathcal{C}_0(E)$, $P_t f \rightarrow f$ uniformly as $t \rightarrow 0$.
2 - for all $f \in \mathcal{C}_0(E)$, $P_t f \in \mathcal{C}_0(E)$.
I would like to have (many) examples of conservative transition functions that satisfy 1 but not 2. 
I would like to have both trivial (if possible) and non-trivial examples. If possible some references to existing literature are welcome, but I noted that classical books on Markov processes do not exhibit examples of processes lacking the Feller property.
Point $2$ can fail to hold in many ways: the most brutal is that $P_t f$ is not even continuous for some continuous $f$ vanishing at infinity. But we can also have that $P_t f$ is continuous (or even continuous and bounded) for each $f \in \mathcal{C}_0(E)$ but fail to vanish at infinity for some $f$. If possible, I would like to have all sort of examples.
Thanks a lot in advance for your answers.
 A: Here is a not so trivial example: take for $P_t$ the transition semigroup for the SDE
$$
dx = -x^3\,dt + dW\;,
$$
on $\mathbf{R}$. This is not Feller in your sense because solutions come in from infinity in finite time, so $P_t f$ fails to be in $C_0$ even if $f$ is. It is however Feller in the other definition you've seen in the literature, which causes no end of confusion...
A: A trivial example. Let $E = [0,\infty)$. Consider the translation semigroup for $c >0$:
\begin{align} P_t f(x) &= f(x+ct),\, x >0, \\
P_t f(0) &= f(0).
\end{align}
So the particle moves to the right with speed $c$ if the starting point is not zero, otherwise it stays in zero.
Since $f \in C_0$: for any $ \varepsilon >0$ find $\delta(\varepsilon) >0$ s.t. $|f(x) -f(y) | \leq \varepsilon$ for $|x-y| \leq \delta$.
Then $|P_tf(x) -f(x)| = |f(x+ct)-f(x)| \leq \varepsilon$ as long as $ct < \delta(\varepsilon)$. However,
$$ \lim_{x\to 0} P_tf (x) = \lim_{x\to 0} f(x+ct) = f(ct) $$
which is not always equal to $P_tf(0)=f(0)$.
So this is an example, where (1) holds, but (2) does not. It can be modified to diffusions (to get a non-deterministic example) which do not hit the boundary point $0$.
