Have the conjugacy classes of the torsion subgroups of Gl(n, Z) been determined for small n (say, n<=6)? In general, can much be said about the torsion subgroup?
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$\begingroup$ conjugacy class of torsion elements should be easy: they look like companion matrices of products $f$ of cyclotomic polynomials, with no repeated roots. $\endgroup$– VenkataramanaCommented Jul 8, 2013 at 2:51
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$\begingroup$ @Aakumadala: I think you are describing torsion elements in,say, $GL(3, \mathbb{C})$ -- which is a different question than torsion in $GL(n,\mathbb{Z})$. E.g. one of these groups has elements of arbitrarily large finite order, while the other doesn't. $\endgroup$– JHMCommented Jul 8, 2013 at 3:01
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$\begingroup$ @Martel: No, for example, a product $\prod \Phi _d$ of cyclotomic polynomials of total degree $3$, has very few solutions. Surely these give conjugacy classes. The issue would be rational conjugacy vs integral conjugacy, but this is not insoluble. $\endgroup$– VenkataramanaCommented Jul 8, 2013 at 4:08
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$\begingroup$ @Aakumadula: evidently,i see that if $A \in GL(n,Q)$ has order $k$, then the minimal polynomial $m_A$ of $A$ divides $\prod_{d|k} \Phi_d$. Over $\mathbb{C}$ the elementary divisors $d_1|\ldots|d_r=m_A$ then determine $A$ up to conjugacy in $GL(n,C)$. In your initial comment, were you suggesting something of how to determine the conjugacy type of $A$ in $GL(n, Q)$ relative to its elementary divisors? $\endgroup$– JHMCommented Jul 8, 2013 at 6:33
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There was a countably infinite series of papers by Pohst and Plesken doing dimensions five through 10 (lower dimensions were known before -- see the references in the first of the Pohst/Plesken series:
On Maximal Finite Irreducible Subgroups of GL(n, Z) I. The Five and Seven Dimensional Cases By Wilhelm Plesken and Michael Pohst* ) I don't know if anything is known about higher dimensions -- I doubt it, since it gets a bit tedious.
answered Jul 8, 2013 at 1:46
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1$\begingroup$ There is also "Finite Rational Matrix Groups" by Nebe and Plesken books.google.com.au/books?isbn=0821803433 And "Finite subgroups of GL_{24}(Q)" by Nebe. projecteuclid.org/euclid.em/1047915100 The wall is hit at 32, Nebe does 25 to 31 in "Finite subgroups of GL(n,Q) for 25 <= n <=31." Comm. Algebra 24 (7) (1996), 2341-2397. dx.doi.org/10.1080/00927879608825704 $\endgroup$– v08ltuCommented Jul 8, 2013 at 3:50
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2$\begingroup$ Although every finite subgroup of ${\rm GL}_n({\mathbb Q})$ is conjugate to a subgroup of ${\rm GL}_n({\mathbb Z})$, there are more conjugacy classes in the integral group than in the rational group, and it is considerably easier to compute them over the rationals, which is why they have to up to higher dimensions. $\endgroup$ Commented Jul 8, 2013 at 9:00