Is the derived category of abelian groups a subcategory of the stable homotopy category? An extension of the Dold-Kan equivalence gives an adjunction between the stable homotopy category and the (unbounded) derived category of abelian groups $SH \rightleftarrows D(Ab)$.
Question 1: Is the right adjoint $D(Ab) \to SH$ faithful?
Question 2: If not, is there a class of objects on which it is faithful (for example compact objects).
 A: I've found the following somewhat intricate way of answering Q1 in the affirmative. Any complex in $D(Ab)$ quasi-isomorphic to a graded abelian group. Hence, it is enough to consider complexes concentrated in a single degree. Given an abelian group $A$ and $n\in\mathbb Z$, let $(A,n)$ be the abelian group $A$ concentrated in degree $n$. For simplicity, I will use the same notation for the Eilenberg-MacLane spectrum $\Sigma^nHA$. In the derived category we have,
$$D(Ab)((A,n),(B,n))=\operatorname{Hom}(A,B),$$
$$D(Ab)((A,n),(B,n+1))=\operatorname{Ext}(A,B),$$
$$D(Ab)((A,n),(B,m))=0\text{ otherwise}.$$
In the stable homotopy category we have the stable Eilenberg-MacLane groups
$$SH((A,n),(B,m))=H^{m+k}(A,n+k;B),\quad k>>0.$$
It is well known, since E-ML's "On the groups..." (Annals) that
$$SH((A,n),(B,n))=\operatorname{Hom}(A,B),$$
$$SH((A,n),(B,n+1))=\operatorname{Ext}(A,B),$$
and that the functor $D(Ab)\rightarrow SH$ is the identity on the previous morphism sets. Hence we are done. The groups $SH((A,n),(B,m))$ are however non-trivial for $m>n+1$, in general.
A: I think the answer to Question 1 is positive. Think of $SH$ as the homotopy category of modules over the sphere spectrum $S$. The category $D(Ab)$ is equivalent to the homotopy category of modules over the Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectrum $HZ$. Your adjunction is equivalent to the adjunction between $S$-modules and $HZ$ modules, where the right adjoint is pullback along the natural map of ring spectra $S\to HZ$, and the left adjoint is the functor $M\mapsto HZ\wedge M$.
Your question is equivalent to this: given $HZ$-modules $M, N$, is the map


*

*$ [M, N]_{HZ}\to [M, N]_S$


injective? By adjunction 
$[M,N] = [HZ \wedge M, N]_{HZ}$ 
and the map * is induced by the map $HZ\wedge M \to M$. 
I claim that the last map is a split surjection in the homotopy category of $HZ$-modules. 
 Edited  to account for Fernando's comment.
Since every $HZ$-module splits (non-naturally) as a wedge sum of Eilenberg Maclane modules It is enough to check this claim when $M=HA$, in which case it is an easy calculation. The homotopy groups of $HZ\wedge HA$ are isomorphic to the homology groups of $HA$. By Huriewicz theorem, this is $A$ in dimension zero. Using the general splitting result again, it follows that $HA$ is a summand of $HZ\wedge HA$ in the category of $HZ$-modules.
Therefore * is injective.
