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Hello all,

My question regards the geometric mean (GM) of two positive matrices. The definition of the GM for two positive matrices $(A,B)$ is given by: $M_0(A,B)=A^{\frac{1}{2}}(A^{-\frac{1}{2}}BA^{-\frac{1}{2}})^{\frac{1}{2}}A^{\frac{1}{2}}$. Moreover, when $A$ and $B$ commute, this definition reduces to $M_0(A,B)=A^{\frac{1}{2}}B^{\frac{1}{2}}$. The GM is known to be jointly concave in the pair $(A,B)$.

My question regards the reduced structure, namely $M_0(A,B)=A^{\frac{1}{2}}B^{\frac{1}{2}}$, for the general case where $A$ and $B$ do no necessarily commute. Is $A^{\frac{1}{2}}B^{\frac{1}{2}}$ jointly concave in the pair $(A,B)$ for any two positive matrices? If so, how can one proof this? In not? Which additional conditions on $(A,B)$ one should assume (without assuming commutativity) in order for it to be jointly concave in the pair?

Thank you very much in advance!

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    $\begingroup$ What do you mean by "jointly concave" for a map that does not take value in the self-adjoint matrices? $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 19, 2012 at 13:32
  • $\begingroup$ Sorry for the ignorance but why is it necessary that the operator maps to an Hermitian space in order to define joint concavity? $\endgroup$
    – AD1984
    Commented Nov 19, 2012 at 14:04
  • $\begingroup$ Not areal reply, however you may find some hints in the following book "Positive definite matrices" by Rajendra Bhatia (MR2284176). You may find some hints there (I do not work on that topic,and do not have a copy with me. However, I remember that there is a chapter devoted to matrix means). $\endgroup$
    – RSG
    Commented Nov 19, 2012 at 14:35
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    $\begingroup$ @ZivGoldfeld: you need an order relation $\leq$ to be defined on the map image in order to speak about convexity/concavity. You have to specify what $M\leq N$ means if $M$ and $N$ are not self-adjoint. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 19, 2012 at 14:48
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    $\begingroup$ No, real vs complex is not the problem here. The problem is that the positive definite semiordering is well defined only for Hermitian matrices (or symmetric matrices if you want to restrict to the reals). $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 19, 2012 at 15:36

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