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Let $S = \langle K\rangle$ be a finitely generated inverse semigroup, where $K \subset S$ is a fixed, finite and symmetric set of generators.

Preliminaries: Recall that we say that $s, t \in S$ are $\mathcal{L}$-related if $s^{-1}s = t^{-1}t$. Given an $\mathcal{L}$-class $L \subset S$, we may construct its' Schützenberger graph $\Lambda(L, K)$, whose vertices are the points of $L$ and where $x, y \in L$ are connected by an edge labeled by $k \in K$ if $kx = y$. We consider $L$ equipped with the natural path metric $d_L$ via $\Lambda(L, K)$. Another studied congruence in $S$ is $\sigma$, where $s \sigma t$ if $sx = tx$ for some $x \in S$. The quotient $S/\sigma$ is a group $G$ known as the maximal homomorphic image of $S$. Moreover, we say that $S$ is E-unitary if whenever $s \sigma t$ and $s \mathcal{L} t$ then $s = t$, i.e. the quotient map embeds every $\mathcal{L}$-class into $G$.

Question: Let $S = \langle K \rangle$ be a fin. gen. E-unitary inverse semigroup. Let $L \subset S$ be an $\mathcal{L}$-class. Is the quotient map $L \rightarrow G$ a quasi-isometric embedding? That is, are there constants M, C > 0 such that for all $x, y \in L$ $$ \frac{1}{M} d_L(x, y) - C \leq d_G(x\sigma, y\sigma) \leq M d_L(x, y) + C$$ where $d_G$ is the path metric in the left Cayley graph of $G$ with respect to the generating set $K \sigma$. Observe that the right inequality above is true for any $M \geq 1$, since any geodesic between $x, y$ falls down to a path between $x\sigma, y\sigma$.

Partial results/remark: it's clear that if $L$ has only finitely-many $\mathcal{R}$-classes then the quotient map is going to be a quasi-isometry. Indeed, the $\mathcal{H}$-class of the idempotent of $L$ is a group included in $G$, and that inclusion of groups is a quasi-isometry. Since $L$ has only finitely-many $\mathcal{R}$-classes, then so is the inclusion of $L$ into $G$, i.e., the quotient map.

Motivation: In [1] quasi-isometries in monoids are studied, from the point of view of the Cayley graph. However, little is said about my inquiry, and I haven't been able to find any reference on this in the literature. My guess is the answer should be yes, but any help is greatly appreciated.

[1] Gray and Kambites, Groups acting on semimetric spaces and quasi-isometries of monoids, Trans. Ame. Math. Soc. 365 (2013) 555--578.

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    $\begingroup$ I doubt it is always a quasi-isometry. Look at papers by Margolis and Meakin. Also in our paper with Meakin about e-unitary semigrous with Abelian covers the Schutzenberger graphs of our semigroup and the distance functions are described. $\endgroup$
    – user6976
    Mar 26, 2020 at 18:04
  • $\begingroup$ The firsr semigroup I would check is the free e-unitary semigroup with cover thw free abelian group of rank 2. $\endgroup$
    – user6976
    Mar 26, 2020 at 20:34
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    $\begingroup$ What if you take the free E-unitary cover of the free abelian group of rank 2 generated by x,y and add the idempotent relations $xx^{-1}=1=x^{-1}x$. This should give an E-unitary inverse semigroup where maximal group image is the free abelian group where Schutzenberger graphs have finitely many y edges but all horizontal x edges through any vertex. Then the Schutzenberger graph of y does not quasisometrically embed because the distance from (n,0) to (n,1) is 2n in the Schutzenberger graph and is 1 in the group. $\endgroup$ Mar 26, 2020 at 21:22
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    $\begingroup$ That should be 2n+1 not 2n. $\endgroup$ Mar 26, 2020 at 21:57

1 Answer 1

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The answer is no. Let $G$ be a free abelian group of rank 2 generated by $x,y$. Let $S$ be the Meakin-Margolis expansion of $G$. It consists of all pairs $(X,g)$ with $X$ a finite connected subgraph of the Cayley graph of $G$ containing the origin and $g$. The product is $(X,g)(Y,h)=(X\cup gY,gh)$. The projection to $G$ is an idempotent pure homomorphism, so $S$ is E-unitary, and $S$ is generated by the edge from the origin to (1,0) and the edge from the origin to (0,1). Call these generators $x,y$ respectively. Now let $T$ be the quotient of $S$ by the relations $xx^{-1}=1=x^{-1}x$. It is not hard to see that $T$ is E-unitary since it is sandwiched between $S$ and $G$. Its elements can be viewed as pairs $(X,g)$ with $X$ a connected subgraph of the Cayley graph which contains the origin and $g$ with only finitely many vertical $y$ edges and containing the horizontal line through any vertex of $X$. Such graphs are precisely the Schutzenberger graphs of $T$.

These graphs in general do not quasi-isometrically embed as soon as they have a $y$ edge. For example of you take the Schutzenberger graph of $y$ you have the lines $x=0$ and $x=1$ and the edge from $(0,0)$ to $(0,1)$. So the distance from $(n,0)$ to $(n,1)$ in this graph is $2|n|+1$ while in the Cayley of $G$ the distance is $1$. So the embedding is not a quasi-isometry.

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    $\begingroup$ The fact that your semigroup $T$ is e-unitary should follow from another paper by Margolis and Meakin. $\endgroup$
    – user6976
    Mar 26, 2020 at 22:31
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    $\begingroup$ @MarkSapir any quotient of an E-unitary inverse semigroup that is above the maximal group image is E-unitary $\endgroup$ Mar 26, 2020 at 22:59
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    $\begingroup$ Yes, and this is, I think, mentioned in one of the MM papers. $\endgroup$
    – user6976
    Mar 26, 2020 at 23:08
  • $\begingroup$ @MarkSapir, likely. It is elementary and probably in Petrich's book too. $\endgroup$ Mar 26, 2020 at 23:11

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