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Linear patterns in subset of the integers (for example, primes) such as arithmetical progressions is a hot topic in mathematics. Recently, much progress has been made in this area. For example, the next result of T. Sanders(in the paper "On Roth's theorem on progressions") gives a estimate of how large can a set be to make sure that it does not contain no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions.

Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$ contains no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. Then \begin{equation*} |A| = O\left(\frac{N (\log \log N)^5 }{\log N}\right). \end{equation*}

My question is related to this result. For Roth's theorem we consider a linear equation. If we consider nonlinear equation, such as $x^2+y^2=z^2$ or $x^2-2y^2=1$, we can ask the same problems: Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$, if a nonlinear equation has no non-trivial solution in $A$, how large can it be. So my question is that whether there is any result about this problem.

Note: For equation $x^2+y^2=z^2$, it is not hard to prove that $A$ can have $N/2$ numbers. (Thank Mark Sapir for reminding me of this fact) So $|A|$ can be $O(N)$. But maybe we can consider this problem: for $b\in (1/2,1)$, if $N$ is sufficiently large and $|A|\geq bN$, can there be no non-trivial solution in $A$?

Thanks!

Linear patterns in subset of the integers (for example, primes) such as arithmetical progressions is a hot topic in mathematics. Recently, much progress has been made in this area. For example, the next result of T. Sanders(in the paper "On Roth's theorem on progressions") gives a estimate of how large can a set be to make sure that it does not contain no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions.

Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$ contains no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. Then \begin{equation*} |A| = O\left(\frac{N (\log \log N)^5 }{\log N}\right). \end{equation*}

My question is related to this result. For Roth's theorem we consider a linear equation. If we consider nonlinear equation, such as $x^2+y^2=z^2$ or $x^2-2y^2=1$, we can ask the same problems: Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$, if a nonlinear equation has no non-trivial solution in $A$, how large can it be. So my question is that whether there is any result about this problem.

Note: For equation $x^2+y^2=z^2$, it is not hard to prove that $A$ can have $N/2$ numbers. (Thank Mark Sapir for reminding me of this fact) So $|A|$ can be $O(N)$. But maybe we can consider this problem: for $b$ close to 1, if $N$ is sufficiently large and $|A|\geq bN$, can there be no non-trivial solution in $A$?

Thanks!

Linear patterns in subset of the integers (for example, primes) such as arithmetical progressions is a hot topic in mathematics. Recently, much progress has been made in this area. For example, the next result of T. Sanders(in the paper "On Roth's theorem on progressions") gives a estimate of how large can a set be to make sure that it does not contain no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions.

Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$ contains no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. Then \begin{equation*} |A| = O\left(\frac{N (\log \log N)^5 }{\log N}\right). \end{equation*}

My question is related to this result. For Roth's theorem we consider a linear equation. If we consider nonlinear equation, such as $x^2+y^2=z^2$ or $x^2-2y^2=1$, we can ask the same problems: Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$, if a nonlinear equation has no non-trivial solution in $A$, how large can it be. So my question is that whether there is any result about this problem.

Note: For equation $x^2+y^2=z^2$, it is not hard to prove that $A$ can have $N/2$ numbers. So $|A|$ can be $O(N)$. But maybe we can consider this problem: for $b\in (1/2,1)$, if $N$ is sufficiently large and $|A|\geq bN$, can there be no non-trivial solution in $A$?

Thanks!

Linear patterns in subset of the integers (for example, primes) such as arithmetical progressions is a hot topic in mathematics. Recently, much progress has been made in this area. For example, the next result of T. Sanders(in the paper "On Roth's theorem on progressions") gives a estimate of how large can a set be to make sure that it does not contain no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions.

Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$ contains no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. Then \begin{equation*} |A| = O\left(\frac{N (\log \log N)^5 }{\log N}\right). \end{equation*}

My question is related to this result. For Roth's theorem we consider a linear equation. If we consider nonlinear equation, such as $x^2+y^2=z^2$ or $x^2-2y^2=1$, we can ask the same problems: Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$, if a nonlinear equation has no non-trivial solution in $A$, how large can it be. So my question is that whether there is any result about this problem.

Note: For equation $x^2+y^2=z^2$, it is not hard to prove that $A$ can have $N/2$ numbers. (Thank Mark Sapir for reminding me of this fact) So $|A|$ can be $O(N)$. But maybe we can consider this problem: for $b\in (1/2,1)$, if $N$ is sufficiently large and $|A|\geq bN$, can there be no non-trivial solution in $A$?

Thanks!

Linear patterns in subset of the integers (for example, primes) such as arithmetical progressions is a hot topic in mathematics. Recently, much progress has been made in this area. For example, the next result of T. Sanders(in the paper "On Roth's theorem on progressions") gives a estimate of how large can a set be to make sure that it does not contain no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions.

Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$ contains no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. Then \begin{equation*} |A| = O\left(\frac{N (\log \log N)^5 }{\log N}\right). \end{equation*}

My question is related to this result. For Roth's theorem we consider a linear equation. If we consider nonlinear equation, such as $x^2+y^2=z^2$ or $x^2-2y^2=1$, we can ask the same problems: Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$, if a nonlinear equation has no non-trivial solution in $A$, how large can it be. So my question is that whether there is any result about this problem.

Thanks!

Linear patterns in subset of the integers (for example, primes) such as arithmetical progressions is a hot topic in mathematics. Recently, much progress has been made in this area. For example, the next result of T. Sanders(in the paper "On Roth's theorem on progressions") gives a estimate of how large can a set be to make sure that it does not contain no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions.

Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$ contains no non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. Then \begin{equation*} |A| = O\left(\frac{N (\log \log N)^5 }{\log N}\right). \end{equation*}

My question is related to this result. For Roth's theorem we consider a linear equation. If we consider nonlinear equation, such as $x^2+y^2=z^2$ or $x^2-2y^2=1$, we can ask the same problems: Suppose that $A \subset \lbrace 1,\dots,N\rbrace$, if a nonlinear equation has no non-trivial solution in $A$, how large can it be. So my question is that whether there is any result about this problem.

Note: For equation $x^2+y^2=z^2$, it is not hard to prove that $A$ can have $N/2$ numbers. So $|A|$ can be $O(N)$. But maybe we can consider this problem: for $b\in (1/2,1)$, if $N$ is sufficiently large and $|A|\geq bN$, can there be no non-trivial solution in $A$?

Thanks!